Hifzullah Khan

Last updated

Hifzullah Khan was a noble of the Mughal Empire who was appointed governor of several Mughal provinces during the reign of Aurangzeb Alamgir in the late 17th century. [1] He was a son of the famous Mughal Grand Vizier Sa'adullah Khan. [2] He remained the Naib Subahdar of Punjab, Subahdar of Kashmir and later Sindh, where he died. [3] [4] He was paternal grandfather of Nizam of Hyderabad, Muhyi ad-Din Muzaffar Jang Hidayat. [5]

Campaigns

During the tenure of Hifzullah Khan as the Governor of Kashmir, the Raja of Jammu broke out into open revolt against Mughals, he was reduced to submission by Hifzullah Khan. [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I</span> First Nizam of Hyderabad

Mir Qamar-ud-din Khan Siddiqi also known as Chin Qilich Qamaruddin Khan, Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah and Nizam I, was the first Nizam of Hyderabad.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jahandar Shah</span> Mughal emperor from 1712 to 1713

Mirza Mu'izz-ud-Din Beg Muhammad Khan, better known by his title Jahandar Shah, was briefly the ninth Mughal emperor from 1712 to 1713. He was the son of Emperor Bahadur Shah I, and the grandson of Emperor Aurangzeb.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Kashmir</span>

The history of Kashmir is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent in South Asia with influences from the surrounding regions of Central, and East Asia. Historically, Kashmir referred to only the Kashmir Valley of the western Himalayas. Today, it denotes a larger area that includes the Indian-administered union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, the Pakistan-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and the Chinese-administered regions of Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bahadur Shah I</span> Mughal emperor from 1707 to 1712

Mirza Muhammad Mu'azzam, commonly known as Bahadur Shah I and Shah Alam I, was the eighth Mughal Emperor from 1707 to 1712. He was the second son of the sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, who he conspired to overthrow in his youth. He was also governor of the imperial provinces of Agra, Kabul and Lahore and had to face revolts of Rajputs and Sikhs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muhammad Shah</span> Mughal emperor from 1719 to 1748

Mirza Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad Shah was the thirteenth Mughal emperor from 1719 to 1748. He was son of Khujista Akhtar, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. After being chosen by the Sayyid Brothers of Barha, he ascended the throne at the young age of 16, under their strict supervision.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Farrukhsiyar</span> Mughal emperor from 1713 to 1719

Farrukhsiyar, also spelled as Farrukh Siyar, was the tenth Mughal Emperor from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after deposing his uncle Jahandar Shah. He was an emperor only in name, with all effective power in the hands of the courtier Sayyid brothers. He was born during the reign of his great-grandfather Aurangzeb, as the son of Azim-ush-Shan and Sahiba Niswan. Reportedly a handsome man who was easily swayed by his advisers, he was said to lack the ability, knowledge and character to rule independently. He was executed by Maharaja Ajit Singh of Marwar.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alamgir II</span> Mughal emperor from 1754 to 1759

Mirza Aziz-ud-Din Muhammad, better known by his regnal name Alamgir II, was the fifteenth Mughal emperor from 1754 to 1759. He was the son of Jahandar Shah.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azim-ush-Shan</span> Mughal prince (1664–1712)

Mirza Azim-ush-Shan was the second son of the 8th Mughal Emperor Shah Alam I better known as Bahadur Shah I by his second wife a Rathore Rajput Princess Amrit Kanwarji of Kishangarh. He was the great grandson of Shah Jahan and the grandson of Aurangzeb during whose reign he was the imperial subahdar (governor) of Bengal Subah from the year 1697 to his death in 1712.

Hazrat Sheikh Shadi Shaheed was a Sufi saint. He was the first Chib Rajput who married a Mughal Princess during the reign of Babur. He was a famed wise man who was requested to treat the ailing emperor, Babur, in Delhi. As a reward, Babur gave his daughter in marriage to him. He also married Humayun's niece who is the daughter of Pir Haibat, of Kandahar, which ultimately leads to his death during Akbar's reign. Raja Shadab Khan, was a contemporary and feudatory of the Emperors Babur, Humayun and Akbar; and he ruled over the districts of Bhimber, Mirpur and Nowshera, within the present limits of Jammu and Kashmir. In consideration of his services rendered to the Emperor Akbar in Kandahar, he was made Governor of Kashmir with the title of Shadab Khan. He also served as governor of Kandahar during Akbar's reign. His tribe, the Chib Rajputs of [[Kashmir, come to his shrine in Jandi Chontra in Bhimber to pay their respects and ritualistically celebrate the births of their children. In the last few decades, the popularity of the shrine has grown among non-tribe members due to the belief that visiting the shrine will help childless couples to bear children.

Sadip Chand, adopted the Muhammadan faith in the Court of the Emperor Babur, and was confirmed by that monarch in his possessions, taking the name of Shadab Khan. This Chief accompanied the Emperor Humayun on many of his expeditions, and was at length killed in a quarrel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gulab Singh</span> First Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir from 1846–1856

Maharaja Gulab Singh Jamwal (1792–1857) was the founder of Dogra dynasty and the first Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, which was a part of Sikh Empire became the largest princely state under the British Raj, which was created after the defeat of the Sikh Empire in the First Anglo-Sikh War. During the war, Gulab Singh would later side with the British and end up becoming the Prime Minister of Sikh Empire. The Treaty of Amritsar (1846) formalised the transfer of all the lands in Kashmir that were ceded to them by the Sikhs by the Treaty of Lahore.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dogra dynasty</span> Hindu dynasty of Jammu and Kashmir (1846–1952)

The Dogra dynasty of Dogra Rajputs from the Shivalik hills created Jammu and Kashmir through the treaties with the East India Company following the First Anglo-Sikh war. Events led the Sikh Empire to recognise Jammu as a vassal state in 1820, and later the British added Kashmir to Jammu with the Treaty of Amritsar in 1846. The founder of the dynasty, Gulab Singh, was an influential noble in the court of the Sikh emperor Maharaja Ranjit Singh, while his brother Dhian Singh served as the prime minister of the Sikh Empire. Appointed by Ranjit Singh as the hereditary Raja of the Jammu principality, Gulab Singh established his supremacy over all the hill states surrounding the Kashmir Valley. After the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1846, under the terms of the Treaty of Lahore, 1846, the British East India Company acquired Kashmir from the Sikh Empire and transferred it to Gulab Singh, recognising him as an independent Maharaja. Thus, Jammu and Kashmir was established as one of the largest princely states in India, receiving a 21-gun salute for its Maharaja in 1921. It was ruled by Gulab Singh and his descendants until 1947.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jaswan</span> Precolonial Indian state

Jaswan was a precolonial Indian state in modern-day Himachal Pradesh, commanded by the Jaswal Rajput clan. It was founded in 1170 AD by Raja Purab Chand, a cadet of the Katoch lineage, ancient royal family of Kangra. Its capital was Rajpura.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Adina Beg</span> 18th century Nawab of Punjab

Adina Beg Khan was a general and administrator of the Mughal Empire who served as the last governor of the Punjab region, including the provinces of Lahore and Multan. He defeated the Afghans after rising to power and was recognised as the Nawab of Punjab by Mughal emperor Alamgir II, who also gave him title of Jang Bahadur.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nawab Bai</span> Secondary wife of Aurangzeb

Rahmat-un-Nissa, better known by her title Nawab Bai, was a secondary wife of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. She gave birth to Aurangzeb's first two sons, including Bahadur Shah I, who became Mughal emperor in 1707. Nawab Bai was unpopular at the Mughal court and lost her husband's favour quite early on in her life while the misconduct of her sons, Muhammad Sultan and Muhammad Muazzam, embittered her latter life. She died in 1691 in Delhi after long years of separation from her husband and children.

History of Shi'ism in Kashmir is marked with conflict and strife, spanning over half a millennium. Incidents of sectarian violence occurred in Kashmir under the rule of Mirza Haider Dughlat, followed by the Mughals (1586–1752), the Afghans (1752–1819), the Sikhs (1819–1845) and the Dogras (1846–1947).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abd al-Samad Khan</span> Political and military leader in the Mughal Empire

Abd al-Samad Khan Al-Ansari or Abd-us-Samad Khan Al-Ansari, also known simply as Abdus Samad Khan, was the Mughal subahdar of Lahore Subah from 1713 to 1726.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saadullah Khan (Mughal Empire)</span> Mughal Grand Vizier (1645–1656)

Sa'adullah Khan, also spelled Sadullah Khan was the Grand Vizier and Vakil-I-Mutlaq of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Shah Jahan I.

Mutawassil Khan titled Rustam Jang Bahadur, was a Mughal general in the Deccan. He descended from a powerful aristocratic family, with his father being a prominent noble of Aurangzeb Alamgir and his grandfather one of the most famous Mughal Viziers. Mutawassil Khan rose to power under the patronage of his father-in-law who was also his maternal cousin Chin Qilich Qamaruddin Khan, Nizam-ul-Mulk, accompanying him in his campaigns in the Deccan and distinguishing himself especially at the Battle of Shakar Kheda.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Balapur</span> 18th century battle in India

The Battle of Balapur marked a civil conflict among Mughal leaders, triggered by the uprising of the Sayyid Brothers. This uprising led to a decline in the status of other Mughal leaders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kingdom of Kashmir (1754–1762)</span>

The Kingdom of Kashmir made a brief and ultimately unsuccessful attempt to regain its independence. Since 1586, Kashmir had been a part of the Mughal Empire and was run by a viceroy appointed by the monarch. Due to the social unrest after the capture of Kashmir by the Durranis in the Mughal–Afghan War, Sukh Jiwan Mal, the Durrani governor, was elected as the King in 1754.

References

  1. Khān, Muḥammad Sāqī Mustaʻidd (2019). Maāsir-i-ʻĀlamgiri: A History of the Emperor Aurangzib-ʻĀlamgir (reign 1658-1707 A.D.) of Saqi Mustʻad Khan. B.R. Publishing Corporation. p. 248. ISBN   978-93-87587-94-6. Hifzullah Khan, son of S'adullah Khan, Subahdar of Thattha and Faujdar of Siwistan
  2. "The First Nizām: The Life and Times of Nizāmu'l-Mulk Āsaf Jāh I". INDIAN CULTURE. p. 41. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  3. Sufi, G. M. D. (1974). Kashīr, Being a History of Kashmir from the Earliest Times to Our Own. Light & Life Publishers. The Raja of Jammu broke out into open revolt, and was reduced to submission by Hifzullah Khan who had succeeded Ibrahim Khan in 1686
  4. Hadi, Nabi (1995). Dictionary of Indo-Persian Literature. Abhinav Publications. ISBN   978-81-7017-311-3. Deputy Governor of Punjab, Nawwab Hifz Ullah Khan
  5. Beveridge H. (1952). The Maathir Ul Umara Vol-ii (1952). The Calcutta Oriental Press Ltd. p. 647.
  6. G_m_d_sufi (1948). Kashir(being A History Of Kashmir).