Hoise Niru

Last updated

Hoise Niru (Manchu:ᡥᠣᡳᠰᡝ
ᠨᡳᡵᡠ
, Chinese :回子佐領) was a military unit of the Qing dynasty of China. It was affiliated with the Imperial Household Department and Plain White Banner. Formally, this niru was known as the 7th (Hoise niru) of the 5th booi jalan of Plain white banner (正白旗包衣第五參領第七佐領). [1]

Members of this niru originally came from the Islamic Yarkent Khanate. Starting from the year of 1759, an increasing number of people from the region of Yarkent began to migrate into Qing territory. In 1760, according to the edict of Qianlong Emperor, a new niru was formed in order to include all the Muslim immigrants from Yarkent. [1]

The affiliation of Hoise niru was determined by its military rank in the Eight Banners system. Since members of this niru were categorized as booi of the plain white banner, one of the upper three banners that were commanded by Qing emperor himself, they were by default members of the imperial household department. This arrangement meant that the members of Hoise niru did not perform real military services. Instead, like Cigu niru and Solho niru, they were royal butlers of the house of Aisin-Gioro.

According to "Tingyu Congtan", the personal notes from Fuge who was a member of Cigu niru, members of Hoise niru were not allowed to be promoted beyond the 5th rank. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

The Eight Banners were administrative and military divisions under the Later Jin and Qing dynasties of China into which all Manchu households were placed. In war, the Eight Banners functioned as armies, but the banner system was also the basic organizational framework of all of Manchu society. Created in the early 17th century by Nurhaci, the banner armies played an instrumental role in his unification of the fragmented Jurchen people and in the Qing dynasty's conquest of the Ming dynasty.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hong Taiji</span> 2nd khan of Later Jin (r. 1626-36); founding emperor of Qing (r. 1636-43)

Hong Taiji, also rendered as Huang Taiji and sometimes referred to as Abahai in Western literature, also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizong of Qing, was the second khan of the Later Jin dynasty and the founding emperor of the Qing dynasty. He was responsible for consolidating the empire that his father Nurhaci had founded and laid the groundwork for the conquest of the Ming dynasty, although he died before this was accomplished. He was also responsible for changing the name of the Jurchen ethnicity to "Manchu" in 1635, and changing the name of his dynasty from "Great Jin" to "Great Qing" in 1636. The Qing dynasty lasted until 1912.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cao Xueqin</span> Chinese writer during the Qing dynasty

Cáo Xuěqín ; was a Chinese writer during the Qing dynasty. He is best known as the author of Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. His given name was Cáo Zhān (曹霑) and his courtesy name was Mèngruǎn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oboi</span>

Oboi was a prominent Manchu military commander and courtier who served in various military and administrative posts under three successive emperors of the early Qing dynasty. Born to the Guwalgiya clan, Oboi was one of four regents nominated by the Shunzhi Emperor to oversee the government during the minority of the Kangxi Emperor. Oboi reversed the benevolent policies of the Shunzhi Emperor, and vigorously pushed for clear reassertion of Manchu power over the Han Chinese. Eventually deposed and imprisoned by the new emperor for having amassed too much power, he was posthumously rehabilitated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Empress Xiaogongren</span> Empress Dowager Renshou

Empress Xiaogongren, of the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Uya clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the consort of Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor and mother of Yinzhen, the Yongzheng Emperor. She was honoured as Empress Dowager Renshou during the reign of her son and posthumously honoured as empress, although she never held the rank of empress consort during her lifetime.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Empress Xiaoyichun</span>

Empress Xiaoyichun, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Weigiya clan, was a consort of the Qianlong Emperor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Empress Xiaokangzhang</span> Qing dynasty empress (1640–1663)

Empress Xiaokangzhang, of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Tunggiya clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the consort of Fulin, the Shunzhi Emperor, and mother of Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor. She was honoured as Empress Dowager Cihe during the reign of her son and posthumously honoured as empress, although she never held the rank of empress consort during her lifetime.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plain White Banner</span> Military unit

The Plain White Banner was one of the Eight Banners of Manchu military and society during the Later Jin and Qing dynasty of China. It was one of the three "upper" banners directly controlled by the emperor, as opposed to the other five "lower" banners. The Hoise Niru was a military unit associated with the Plain White Banner.

The Qing dynasty (1636–1912) of China developed a complicated peerage system for royal and noble ranks.

The Imperial Household Department was an institution of the Qing dynasty of China. Its primary purpose was to manage the internal affairs of the Qing imperial family and the activities of the inner palace, but it also played an important role in Qing relations with Tibet and Mongolia, engaged in trading activities, managed textile factories in the Jiangnan region, and even published books.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Booi Aha</span> Hereditarily servile people in 17th-century Qing China

Booi Aha is a Manchu word literally meaning "household person", referring to hereditarily servile people in 17th-century Qing China. It is often directly translated as "bondservant", although sometimes also rendered as "slave" ("nucai").

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Flag of the Qing dynasty</span> Flag of Qing Dynasty 1862–1912

The flag of the Qing dynasty was an emblem adopted in the late 19th century featuring the Azure Dragon on a plain yellow field with the red flaming pearl in the upper left corner. It became the first national flag of China and is usually referred to as the "Yellow Dragon Flag".

Imperial Noble Consort Zhemin, of the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Fuca clan, was a consort of the Qianlong Emperor.

Identity in China was strongly dependent on the Eight Banner system prior to and during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). China consisted of multiple ethnic groups, of which the Han, Mongols and Manchus participated in the banner system. Identity, however, was defined much more by culture, language and participation in the military until the Qianlong Emperor resurrected the ethnic classifications.

Cigu Niru was a type of military unit of Qing China. It was one of the Nirus of the Qing army. The Cigu Niru consisted of ethnic Han soldiers who joined the Qing army in the early stage of its rise to power.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oros Niru</span>

Oros Niru was a military unit of the Qing dynasty of China. It consisted of Russian Cossacks that were captured during the border conflicts between the Russian Empire and Qing China. Formally, this niru was known as the 17th niru of the 4th jalan of the Manju Gusa ejen of Bordered Yellow Banner (鑲黃旗滿洲都統第四參領第十七佐領).

Alingga, of the Niohuru clan, was a Manchu noble of the Bordered Yellow Banner. An official at court during the late reign of the Kangxi Emperor, Alingga played a major role in the succession struggle between the sons of the emperor. Born into a prominent imperial family as the son of Ebilun, Alingga's sister was one of the Kangxi Emperor's highly ranked consorts, and his daughter married Yunli, the Prince Guo.

Concubine Yi, of the Han Chinese Booi Aha of Plain Yellow Banner, was a consort of Qianlong Emperor.

The Jiaqing Emperor had a total number of 14 consorts, including 2 empresses, 2 imperial noble consorts, 4 consorts and 6 concubines.

Donggo (董鄂,pinyin:Dong'e) was a clan of Manchu nobility belonging to the Manchu Plain White Banner, one of the 3 upper banners of Eight Banner system. Several lineages were members of Manchu Plain Red Banner.

References

  1. 1 2 General annals of eight banners.vol.7
  2. Fuge 福格 (1997). Tingyu Congtan 聽雨叢談/听雨丛谈 (reprint). 中华书局. ISBN   9787101016987.