Holography art

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Holography Art is a genre of artistic expression that leverages the scientific principles of holography, first conceptualized by physicist Dennis Gabor in 1947. [1]

Contents

History

In 1960, the development of the laser beam enabled the advancement of this technique. [2] In 1968, Stephen A. Benton invented the reflection hologram, which is very bright and visible under white light. [3]

The first exhibition took place in 1968 in Michigan, followed by another in New York in 1970. [4] The movement gained momentum in the 1970s, particularly in the United States, Canada, Japan, and Germany. [4]

Icologram

Since 2018, the term "icologram" hasemerged to more accurately describe recording and projections of people often mistakenly referred to as holograms in mainstream media. [5] An icologram combines "icon" (the subject) and "hologram" (the projection technology). This technique uses scene and/or volumetric capture along with spatial computing and extended reality (XR) technologies to create a “digital twin" of a person, enabling new performances by digitally captured artists. The term aims to distinguish these projections from true holograms as defined by Dennis Gabor's original works. The icologram represents a significant advancement in holographic art, offering new possibilities for artistic creation and performance dissemination. [6] This protocol allows the essence of an artist or character to be preserved and reproduced, paving the way for unprecedented immersive experiences in the fields of performance art and Art Tech. [7]

Techniques

Holograms are created through the interference of two laser beams. These interferences are recorded on film, which is then developed similarly to analog photography. [8] There are two main types: transmission holography and reflection holography, depending on the relative positions of the object, lasers, and film. [8]

Characteristics

Holographic images often feature rainbow-like gradients, resulting from the decomposition of white light. However, achromatic holograms (black and white) can also be produced. [9] An analog image and three-dimensional photograph, a hologram gives density to light, emphasizing the three-dimensionality of the object by retaining only its luminous essence. The holographic image conveys a transparent, spectral vision of objects or humans. Due to its three-dimensional nature, a hologram appears both realistic and ghostly, much like 19th-century stereoscopic photography. [10]

Applications

Holography has been embraced in various artistic fields, including cinema, video, computer graphics, photography, installations, and light shows. Holographic art has seen significant development in the United States, the UK, Japan, and Canada. [11]

Examples

Artist Dean Randazzo combines photography, film, and computer-generated images to create complex holographic forms where movement and transformation are central to his works. [12]

Paul Newman experiments with laser beams projected through different types of striped and broken lenses, creating new and unpredictable experimental images. [13]

Georges Dyens integrates holography with sculpture, video, music, laser, and smoke. In one exhibition, viewers are invited to walk along a "line of fire" to experience the juxtaposition of photographs and holograms, immersed in an ambiance created by special lighting—a reflection of the soul and flames, symbolizing energy and vitality. [14]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holography</span> Recording to reproduce a three-dimensional light field

Holography is a technique that enables a wavefront to be recorded and later reconstructed. It is best known as a method of generating three-dimensional images, and has a wide range of other uses, including data storage, microscopy, and interferometry. In principle, it is possible to make a hologram for any type of wave.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dennis Gabor</span> Hungarian-British physicist (1900–1979)

Dennis Gabor was a Hungarian-British physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1971 for his invention of holography. He obtained British citizenship in 1946 and spent most of his life in England.

Holonomic brain theory is a branch of neuroscience investigating the idea that consciousness is formed by quantum effects in or between brain cells. Holonomic refers to representations in a Hilbert phase space defined by both spectral and space-time coordinates. Holonomic brain theory is opposed by traditional neuroscience, which investigates the brain's behavior by looking at patterns of neurons and the surrounding chemistry.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holographic data storage</span> Data storage technology

Holographic data storage is a potential technology in the area of high-capacity data storage. While magnetic and optical data storage devices rely on individual bits being stored as distinct magnetic or optical changes on the surface of the recording medium, holographic data storage records information throughout the volume of the medium and is capable of recording multiple images in the same area utilizing light at different angles.

Electron holography is holography with electron matter waves. It was invented by Dennis Gabor in 1948 when he tried to improve image resolution in electron microscope. The first attempts to perform holography with electron waves were made by Haine and Mulvey in 1952; they recorded holograms of zinc oxide crystals with 60 keV electrons, demonstrating reconstructions with approximately 1 nm resolution. In 1955, G. Möllenstedt and H. Düker invented an electron biprism, thus enabling the recording of electron holograms in off-axis scheme. There are many different possible configurations for electron holography, with more than 20 documented in 1992 by Cowley. Usually, high spatial and temporal coherence of the electron beam are required to perform holographic measurements.

Lloyd Cross is an American physicist and holographer.

Holographic interferometry (HI) is a technique which enables the measurements of static and dynamic displacements of objects with optically rough surfaces at optical interferometric precision. These measurements can be applied to stress, strain and vibration analysis, as well as to non-destructive testing and radiation dosimetry. It can also be used to detect optical path length variations in transparent media, which enables, for example, fluid flow to be visualised and analyzed. It can also be used to generate contours representing the form of the surface.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yuri Denisyuk</span> Soviet physicist (1927–2006)

Yuri Nikolayevich Denisyuk was a Russian physicist and one of the founders of optical holography in the former Soviet Union. He is known for his great contribution to holography, in particular for the so-called "Denisyuk hologram". He was a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, professor (1980).

Computer-generated holography (CGH) is a technique that uses computer algorithms to generate holograms. It involves generating holographic interference patterns. A computer-generated hologram can be displayed on a dynamic holographic display, or it can be printed onto a mask or film using lithography. When a hologram is printed onto a mask or film, it is then illuminated by a coherent light source to display the holographic images.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stephen Benton</span> American inventor (1941–2003)

Stephen Anthony Benton was the inventor of the rainbow hologram and a pioneer in medical imaging and fine arts holography. Benton held 14 patents in optical physics and photography, and taught media arts and sciences at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was the E. Rudge ('48) and Nancy Allen Professor of Media & Sciences, and the Director for Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) at MIT.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicholas J. Phillips</span> British physicist

Nicholas (Nick) John Phillips was an English physicist, notable for the development of photochemical processing techniques for the colour hologram. Holograms typically used to have low signal-to-noise ratios, and Phillips is credited as the pioneer of silver halide holographic processing techniques for producing high-quality reflection holograms.

A holographic display is a type of 3D display that utilizes light diffraction to display a three-dimensional image to the viewer. Holographic displays are distinguished from other forms of 3D displays in that they do not require the viewer to wear any special glasses or use external equipment to be able to see the image, and do not cause a vergence-accommodation conflict.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Digital holographic microscopy</span>

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is digital holography applied to microscopy. Digital holographic microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods by not recording the projected image of the object. Instead, the light wave front information originating from the object is digitally recorded as a hologram, from which a computer calculates the object image by using a numerical reconstruction algorithm. The image forming lens in traditional microscopy is thus replaced by a computer algorithm. Other closely related microscopy methods to digital holographic microscopy are interferometric microscopy, optical coherence tomography and diffraction phase microscopy. Common to all methods is the use of a reference wave front to obtain amplitude (intensity) and phase information. The information is recorded on a digital image sensor or by a photodetector from which an image of the object is created (reconstructed) by a computer. In traditional microscopy, which do not use a reference wave front, only intensity information is recorded and essential information about the object is lost.

Specular holography is a technique for making three dimensional imagery by controlling the motion of specular glints on a two-dimensional surface. The image is made of many specularities and has the appearance of a 3D surface-stippling made of dots of light. Unlike conventional wavefront holograms, specular holograms do not depend on wave optics, photographic media, or lasers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yves Gentet</span> French engineer and artist (born 1965)

Yves Gentet is a French engineer and artist, known for the invention of a creative method of holograms in colour Ultimate and a 3D holographic printer Chimera.

Holographic optical element (HOE) is an optical component (mirror, lens, directional diffuser, etc.) that produces holographic images using principles of diffraction. HOE is most commonly used in transparent displays, 3D imaging, and certain scanning technologies. The shape and structure of the HOE is dependent on the piece of hardware it is needed for, and the coupled wave theory is a common tool used to calculate the diffraction efficiency or grating volume that helps with the design of an HOE. Early concepts of the holographic optical element can be traced back to the mid-1900s, coinciding closely with the start of holography coined by Dennis Gabor. The application of 3D visualization and displays is ultimately the end goal of the HOE; however, the cost and complexity of the device has hindered the rapid development toward full 3D visualization. The HOE is also used in the development of augmented reality(AR) by companies such as Google with Google Glass or in research universities that look to utilize HOEs to create 3D imaging without the use of eye-wear or head-wear. Furthermore, the ability of the HOE to allow for transparent displays have caught the attention of the US military in its development of better head-up displays (HUD) which is used to display crucial information for aircraft pilots.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dieter Jung (artist)</span> German artist

Dieter Jung is a German artist working in the field of holography, painting and installation art. He lives and works in Berlin.

Holographic interference microscopy (HIM) is holographic interferometry applied for microscopy for visualization of phase micro-objects. Phase micro-objects are invisible because they do not change intensity of light, they insert only invisible phase shifts. The holographic interference microscopy distinguishes itself from other microscopy methods by using a hologram and the interference for converting invisible phase shifts into intensity changes.

Margaret Benyon,, was a British artist. Trained as a painter, she was one of the first artists to use holography as a medium and had her first solo show of holograms in 1969. She was appointed to the Order of the British Empire in 2000 for her service to art and has been called "the mother of British holography".

Optical holography is a technique which enables an optical wavefront to be recorded and later re-constructed. Holography is best known as a method of generating three-dimensional images but it also has a wide range of other applications.

References

  1. ↑ "Dennis Gabor – Nobel Lecture" (PDF). NobelPrize.org. Retrieved December 27, 2024.
  2. ↑ Ahmedien, Diaa (2016-11-25). "Physics of Laser in Contemporary Visual Arts: the research protocol". Research Ideas and Outcomes. 2: e11150. doi: 10.3897/rio.2.e11150 . ISSN   2367-7163.
  3. ↑ Saxby, Graham; Zacharovas, Stanislovas (2015-09-22). Practical Holography. CRC Press. ISBN   978-1-4987-6677-7.
  4. 1 2 Gervereau, Laurent (2014-01-01). Dictionnaire mondial des images (in French). Nouveau Monde éditions. ISBN   978-2-36583-810-8.
  5. ↑ "L'hologramme comme archive musicale - Le Temps" (in French). 2021-04-05. ISSN   1423-3967 . Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  6. ↑ Nachrichten, Salzburger (2024-10-11). "Hologramme für die Klassik: Auch ein großes Orchester hat überall Platz". Salzburger Nachrichten (in German). Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  7. ↑ "A Genève, l'OSR léger comme un hologramme - Le Temps" (in French). 2024-01-25. ISSN   1423-3967 . Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  8. 1 2 Hertel, Olivier (2017-06-01). "Expo : quand les artistes jouent avec les hologrammes". Sciences et Avenir (in French). Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  9. ↑ Mèredieu, Florence de (2005). Digital and Video Art. Chambers. ISBN   978-0-550-10170-9.
  10. ↑ Botwright, Rob (2024). Holography: Capturing Depth: Optics, 3d Imaging And Laser Technology. Rob Botwright. ISBN   978-1-83938-727-2.
  11. ↑ Gorglione, Nancy (1989). "Holographic Art—Perception, Evolution, Future by Brigitte Burgmer (review)". Leonardo. 22 (3): 439. doi:10.2307/1575414. ISSN   1530-9282. JSTOR   1575414.
  12. ↑ "Vol. 25, No. 5, 1992 of Leonardo on JSTOR". www.jstor.org. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
  13. ↑ Garcia-Robles, R.; Oliveira, R. M. (2013). "The artistic use of parallax and lenses revealing the invisible in holography". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 415 (1): 012014. Bibcode:2013JPhCS.415a2014G. doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/415/1/012014 .
  14. ↑ "An Interactive Encyclopaedia on Art Holography". NOEMA - Technology & Society. 2002-11-16. Retrieved 2024-12-27.
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