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The Agusta AZ.8L, or Agusta-Zappata AZ.8L, was an Italian airliner prototype first flown on 9 June 1958. It was of conventional low-wing monoplane configuration with tricycle undercarriage and all-metal construction. Filippo Zappata's design grew out of a twin-engined transport designated AZ.1 that was never built.
The Albatros L 58 was a German airliner of the 1920s. It was a single-engine cantilever monoplane which accommodated the pilot in an open cockpit at the top of the fuselage, and seated five-six passengers within it.
The Blériot 155 was a French airliner of the 1920s. It was a four-engined biplane developed from the Blériot 115 and 135, but larger than these aircraft. Two were built for use by Air Union on their Paris-London route. Both were lost in accidents in 1926.
The Caproni Ca.122 was a prototype bomber and military transport aircraft built in Italy in the mid-1930s. It was a conventional low-wing monoplane with fixed undercarriage. Power was provided by twin Gnome-Rhône 14K radial engines. No production ensued for either this or the 28-seat airliner version designated Ca.123.
The DAR 4 was a prototype airliner built in Bulgaria in 1930.
The FMA AeT.1 was an airliner built in Argentina in the early 1930s.
The Focke-Wulf A 17 Möwe was an airliner built in Germany in the late 1920s. It was a conventional high-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tailwheel undercarriage. The aircraft provided fully enclosed seating for up to eight passengers and had a separate, fully enclosed flight deck for the two pilots. Most examples flew with Deutsche Luft Hansa, serving until around 1936. In the early 1930s, two A 17s were used for testing the Junkers Jumo 5 diesel engine.
The Focke-Wulf A 20 Habicht was an airliner developed in Germany in the late 1920s. It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tailskid undercarriage. The fuselage was deep and seated four passengers in a fully enclosed cabin. The type was not bought by the airlines and only a few examples were built.
The Focke-Wulf A 33 Sperber was a small airliner, produced in Germany in the early 1930s. It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional design, resembling a scaled-down version of the contemporary A 32 design. Only three examples were built, each purchased for air taxi duties with separate German airlines. One eventually briefly joined the fleet of Deutsche Luft Hansa in 1937.
The Focke-Wulf A 38 Möwe was an airliner, produced in Germany in the early 1930s. It was a final development of the family of designs that commenced with the A 17 in 1927. The A 38 used the same high-mounted, cantilever wing as the A 29, but mated this to an all-new fuselage design with enclosed seating for ten passengers and three crew. Unlike earlier members of the family, the flight deck was not joined to the cabin, separated now by a lavatory and baggage compartment. The main undercarriage was strengthened and the mainwheels fitted with brakes, while the tailskid was replaced with a tailwheel. All four A 38s were originally fitted with Siemens- or Gnome et Rhône-built Bristol Jupiter engines, but in April 1933, all aircraft were refitted with Siemens Sh 20 powerplants. By mid-1934, they had been relegated to training duties.
The Hitachi TR.1 was a small airliner developed in Japan in 1938, produced in small numbers as the TR.2. It was a low-wing, cantilever monoplane with retractable tailwheel undercarriage and a fully enclosed cabin. The design strongly resembled the Airspeed Envoy that it was intended to replace in Japanese airline service. Testing of the TR.1 prototype commenced on 8 April 1938 at Haneda Airport, but it suffered a serious accident on 22 June due to a landing in which one of the main undercarriage units failed to extend.
The Hopfner HV-3/27 was a small airliner built in Austria in the late 1920s. A development of the HV-2, it was a conventional, high-wing cantilever monoplane with a fully enclosed cabin and a strong resemblance to the contemporary Fokker F.II. A single example was built in 1927 and used by Hopfner's own airline until 1934.
The Hopfner HV-4/28 was a small airliner built in Austria in the late 1920s. An enlarged version of the HV-3/27, it was a conventional, high-wing cantilever monoplane with a fully enclosed cabin. A single example was built in 1928 and saw heavy use by the airline that year. In 1929, it received a major refurbishment that included a change or powerplant from the original Heiro to a Gnome et Rhône 9A Jupiter engine and was sold to a private owner under the new designation HV-8/29GR. This aircraft was still flying at the time of the Anschluß, after which it received a new German registration.
The Hopfner HS-5/28 was a utility aircraft built in Austria in the late 1920s. It was a conventional, parasol-wing monoplane with seating for two occupants in tandem, open cockpits. The landing gear was of fixed, tailskid type with divided main units. Two examples were built with Walter NZ60 engines, followed by two more with the more powerful NZ85 for Swiss aeroclub use. One of these latter machines remained in service until 1934.
The Hopfner HS-8/29 was a utility aircraft built in Austria in the late 1920s based on the Hopfner HS-5/28. It used a modernised version of its predecessor's airframe, being a conventional, parasol-wing monoplane with seating for two occupants in tandem, open cockpits. The landing gear was of fixed, tailskid type with divided main units. The first prototype used the same Walter NZ 85 engine that the later HS-5/28s had used, but this was followed by 14 production examples with Siemens engines, and a single prototype with a de Havilland Gipsy III.
The Hopfner HS-10/32 was a utility aircraft built in Austria in the early 1930s. It was a conventional, high-wing, strut-braced cabin monoplane derived from Hopfner's series of parasol-wing light aircraft that began with the HS-5/28. Three examples flew in late 1932 under the designation HS-10/32, followed by a single example of the improved HS-10/33 the following year, a generally similar aircraft with revised ailerons. The HS-10/33 was eventually purchased by the Austrian Air Force to use as a liaison machine.
The Hopfner HA-11/33 was an amphibious flying boat built in Austria in 1933 to a specification by the Dr. Oetker company. The result was a conventional, high-wing cantilever monoplane with a stepped flying boat hull and pontoons on struts under the wings at mid-span. The cabin was fully enclosed, and the twin engines were mounted tractor-fashion on struts above the wing.
The Latécoère 21 was a French flying boat built in 1925 for use by Lignes Aériennes Latécoère as an airliner on routes between France and North Africa. It was the first of the Latécoère flying boats, and the first aircraft to deliver mail between Marseilles and Algiers. It was a conventional design for the era, with a monoplane wing mounted parasol-fashion. Warren truss-style struts braced the wing to stub wings that acted as sponsons for stability while on the water. The twin engines were placed in tandem push-pull configuration on the wing. Up to seven passengers could be seated in an enclosed cabin, and two pilots sat side by side in separate open cockpits.
The Latécoère 500 was a flying boat built in France in 1931 for use on the transatlantic mail route to South America. Designed to a specification by the French aviation ministry, Latécoère also built a passenger-carrying variant, the 501, which actually flew first. The design was a large, parasol-wing monoplane with broad sponsons and a fully enclosed cabin. Three engines were installed on the wing, two tractor-fashion on the leading edge, and one pusher-fashion on the trailing edge.
The SABCA S.2 was an airliner built in Belgium in 1926.
References
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft. London: Aerospace Publishing. p. 2174.
- Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. p. 510.