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Hamas,an acronym of its official name,the Islamic Resistance Movement,is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist political and military organization governing the Gaza Strip of the Palestinian territories,which are occupied by Israel under international law. Headquartered in Gaza City,it has a presence in the West Bank,the larger of the two Palestinian territories,in which its secular rival Fatah exercises control.
The Palestine Liberation Organization is a Palestinian nationalist coalition that is internationally recognized as the official representative of the Palestinian people. Founded in 1964,it initially sought to establish an Arab state over the entire territory of the former Mandatory Palestine,advocating the elimination of the State of Israel. However,in 1993,the PLO recognized Israeli sovereignty with the Oslo I Accord,and now only seeks Arab statehood in the Palestinian territories that have been militarily occupied by Israel since the 1967 Arab–Israeli War.
The United Arab Republic was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 until 1961. It was initially a political union between Egypt and Syria from 1958 until Syria seceded from the union following the 1961 Syrian coup d'état. Egypt continued to be known officially as the United Arab Republic until September 1971 when it was formally dissolved by Anwar Sadat.
The history of the State of Palestine describes the creation and evolution of the State of Palestine in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
Hussein bin Talal was King of Jordan from 11 August 1952 until his death in 1999. As a member of the Hashemite dynasty,the royal family of Jordan since 1921,Hussein was a 40th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad.
Mahmoud Abbas,also known by the kunya Abu Mazen,is the president of the State of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). He has been the chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since 2004,PNA president since January 2005,and State of Palestine president since May 2005. Abbas is also a member of the Fatah party and was elected chairman in 2009.
George Habash,also known by his laqab "Al-Hakim",was a Palestinian politician and physician who founded the Marxist–Leninist Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP).
Mohammad Yusuf Dahlan born on 29 September 1961 in Khan Yunis Refugee Camp,Khan Yunis,Gaza Strip also known by the kunya Abu Fadi is a Palestinian politician,the former leader of Fatah in Gaza. Dahlan was born to a refugee family from Hamama,the youngest of six children.
The Great Syrian Revolt,also known as the Revolt of 1925, was a general uprising across the State of Syria and Greater Lebanon during the period of 1925 to 1927. The leading rebel forces initially comprised fighters of the Jabal Druze State in southern Syria,and were later joined by Sunni,Druze and Shiite and factions all over Syria. The common goal was to end perceived French occupation in the newly mandated regions,which passed from Turkish to French administration following World War I.
Israel–Jordan relations are the diplomatic,economic and cultural relations between Israel and Jordan. The two countries share a land border,with three border crossings:Yitzhak Rabin/Wadi Araba Crossing,Jordan River Crossing and the Allenby/King Hussein Bridge Crossing,that connects the West Bank with Jordan. The relationship between the two countries is regulated by the Israel–Jordan peace treaty in 1994,which formally ended the state of war that had existed between the two countries since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948,and also established diplomatic relations,besides other matters. Relations between the countries get strained from time to time,usually over tensions at the Al-Aqsa mosque. On 8 October 2020,Israel and Jordan reached an agreement to allow flights to cross over both countries’airspace.
HE Major General Qassem Pasha Al-Nasser (1925–2007) was a Jordanian officer who participated in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. He was part of many battles,such as:Latrun,Bab El-wad,and Misherem,amongst others.
The following events occurred in the year 2007 in Israel.
Ali Farzat or Ali Ferzat is a Syrian political cartoonist. He has published more than 15,000 caricatures in Syrian,Arab and international newspapers. He serves as the head of the Arab Cartoonists Association. In 2011,he received Sakharov Prize for peace. Farzat was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine in 2012.
Abdullah Rimawi was the head of the Ba'ath Party in Jordan in the 1950s. He served as Foreign Affairs Minister in Suleiman Nabulsi's government in 1957. A staunch pan-Arabist,Rimawi became one of the most vocal opponents of the Hashemite ruling family in Jordan and favored union with Syria. He fled Jordan in 1957 as the result of a crisis between the leftist government he was a part of and the royal family. He based himself in the United Arab Republic,where he drew closer to UAR President Gamal Abdel Nasser provoking his expulsion from the Ba'ath Party—which was at odds with Nasser—in 1959. Soon after he founded a splinter party called the Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party. During his exile,he allegedly made a number of attempts to attack or undermine the Jordanian monarchy.
Munif al-Razzaz was a Jordanian-Syrian physician and politician who was the second,and last,Secretary General of the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party,having been elected to the post at the 8th National Congress held in April 1965.
The governance of the Gaza Strip since the Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip in June 2007 has been carried out by Hamas. The Hamas government in Gaza was led by Ismail Haniyeh from 2007 until February 2017,when Haniyeh was replaced as leader of Hamas in the Gaza Strip by Yahya Sinwar. As of November 2023,Yahya Sinwar continues to be the leader of Hamas in the Gaza Strip.
Ismail Haniyeh is a Palestinian politician who is a senior political leader of Hamas,the current chairman of Hamas’s political bureau;as of 2023,Haniyeh lives in Qatar.
Khaled Mashal is a Palestinian political leader who is the former head of the militant organization Hamas.
The Adel Safar government was the third Syrian government formed during the presidency of Bashar al-Assad. On 2 April 2011,President Bashar al-Assad issued Decree No. 134 designating Adel Safar to form a new Government. On 14 April 2011,the new Government was announced through Decree No. 136.
The second government of Hussein Arnous was formed after appointment by the President of Syria on 10 August 2021 and took the oath of office on 14 August 2021,after the presidential election held in May. This replaced the caretaker ministry formed in July. The government is the 95th since Syria gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and is the eighth during the presidency of Bashar al-Assad.