Illumination (image)

For other uses, see Illumination (disambiguation).

Detail from "The Calling of Matthew" by Caravaggio: a single light source casts shadows and emphasizes any variation in texture

Illumination is a concept in visual arts. By manipulating the lighting, an Artist can create a specific atmosphere for their work of art. Additionally, it can help the artist add depth to their work. ^[1]

The illumination of the subject of a drawing or painting is a key element in creating an artistic piece, and the interplay of light and shadow is a valuable method in the artist's toolbox. The placement of the light sources can make a considerable difference in the type of message that is being presented. Multiple light sources can wash out any wrinkles in a person's face, for instance, and give a more youthful appearance. In contrast, a single light source, such as harsh daylight, can serve to highlight any texture or interesting features.

This Vilhelm Hammershøi painting is an example using diffused light, creating a softer image.

Caravaggio's early biographers, Giovanni Pietro Bellori and Joachim von Standrart both stated that Caravaggio worked in a dark room and illuminated his subjects with a single light source from above. ^[2] Caravaggio's pioneering use of light and shade is known as chiaroscuro. ^[3]

Processing of illumination is an important concept in computer vision and computer graphics.

See also

• Chiaroscuro

References

1. Jones, Christopher P (29 January 2024). "Art Fundamentals: How Illumination & Shadow Add Meaning to Artworks". Medium. Archived from the original on 19 May 2024. Retrieved 24 January 2025.
2. Thomas, T. (2021). How Did Caravaggio Light His Subjects? Source: Notes in the History of Art, 40(2), 111–120.
3. "5 Facts About the Light And Dark Of Caravaggio". Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved 23 January 2025.