Parent institution | French Ministry of Higher Education |
---|---|
Established | 26 August 1991 |
Mission | Development of high-level research in French universities |
Administrator | Elyès Jouini |
Location | France |
Website | http://www.iufrance.fr/ |
The Institut Universitaire de France (IUF, Academic Institute of France), is a service of the French Ministry of Higher Education that annually distinguishes a small number of university professors for their research excellence, as evidenced by their international recognition. Only around 2% of French university faculty are members (active or honorary) of the IUF.
The Institute was created by decree on 26 August 1991. [1] At least two-thirds of IUF members belong to universities outside Paris. The purpose of the IUF is to encourage the development of high-level, interdisciplinary research in universities. It has three primary objectives: [2]
The IUF is composed of two types of faculty members (professors or lecturers): senior members, who have earned international recognition for their work; and junior members, who are promising young scholars under 40 years old. [2] Members are elected for five years (not renewable for junior members, renewable once for senior members).
Members remain attached to their home university. To help them pursue and disseminate their research, French members benefit from a two-thirds reduction of their statutory teaching duties. Research funds are credited to their team or laboratory (€15,000 per year over five years). [3] They also automatically receive the national award of scientific excellence (Prime d'Encadrement Doctoral et de Recherche, or PEDR): a minimum annual award of €6,000 for junior members or €10,000 for senior members. [3] A progress report is requested halfway through their five-year term and then again at the end of their term. Members of the Institut Universitaire de France must contribute to local, national and international scientific development, with a strong focus on interdisciplinarity. [1]
Each year, a symposium brings together members of the IUF in order to allow for discussion to take place at the highest level of French research.
Each year, the minister responsible for higher education appoints the members of the junior and senior juries, as well as their presidents, on the recommendation of an administrator, after consultation with the strategic and scientific council of the IUF. [2] The number of jury members is determined based on the number of applications for the year. Each of the two juries (senior and junior) must be composed of at least 30 full members, of which at least 20% are based in France and at least 40% based outside France. At least 40% of jury members must come from scientific and medical disciplines, and at least a further 40% from the humanities and social sciences. The presidency of the juries alternates each year between the scientific and medical disciplines, and the humanities and social sciences. A member can not serve on more than three juries within a 10-year period. [2]
The juries are responsible for ensuring that the balance of disciplines is respected and that the international reputation of the candidates is taken into account. Each jury establishes a list of candidates selected for nomination to the IUF and a complementary ranked list. The nomination proposals are then sent to the Minister of Higher Education. [2]
In 2008, Valérie Pécresse, the French minister of higher education and research at the time, provoked a scandal when she appointed an additional 22 members (9 juniors and 13 seniors) to the IUF who were not subject to the jury process. [4] Appointments included Michel Maffesoli, a sociologist of disputed academic standing, [5] of whom economist and jury president Elie Cohen said, "[he] would never have been selected by the jury even if there had been more places". [6] [7] On 24 September 2008, some senior and junior jurors of the IUF published a declaration that stated that they were indignant at the "lack of transparency and nominations for 2008". [8] This declaration was supported by the Society Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SMAI) [9] and the French Association for Scientific Information (AFIS). [10] In an October 2008 letter addressed to Pécresse, the jury members wrote that they “are outraged by the lack of transparency of the 2008 appointments," and that they viewed the supplementary appointments as “an attack on the ethics of peer evaluation, which risks harming the national and international reputation of the Institute”. [4]
The French National Centre for Scientific Research is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe.
Chris Moulin is professor at the Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition, Université Grenoble Alpes, and a senior member of the Institut Universitaire de France.
Michel Maffesoli is a French sociologist.
Jean-Michel Coron is a French mathematician. He first studied at École Polytechnique, where he worked on his PhD thesis advised by Haïm Brezis. Since 1992, he has studied the control theory of partial differential equations, and which includes both control and stabilization. His results concern partial differential equations related to fluid dynamics, with emphasis on nonlinear phenomena, and part of them found applications to control channels.
Georges Calas is professor of mineralogy (Emeritus) at Sorbonne Université and an honorary Senior Member of University Institute of France.
The Association française pour l'information scientifique or AFIS is an association regulated by the French law of 1901, founded under the leadership of Michel Rouzé in November 1968. As a skeptical organisation, it has been a member of the European Council of Skeptical Organisations since 2001, and publishes the magazine Science et pseudo-sciences.
The Teissier affair was a controversy that occurred in France in 2001. French astrologer Élizabeth Teissier was awarded a doctorate in sociology by Paris Descartes University for a doctoral thesis in which she argued that astrology was being oppressed by science. Her work was contested by the scientific community within the context of the science wars, and compared to the Sokal hoax. Criticisms included the alleged failure to work within the field of sociology and also lacking the necessary scientific rigour for a doctoral thesis in any scientific field. The university and jury who awarded the degree were harshly criticised, though both they and Teissier had supporters and defenders.
Hippolyte d'Albis is a French economist, born November 24, 1973, in London, specializing in demographic issues. He is a professor at Pantheon-Sorbonne University and the Paris School of Economics. He is Deputy Director for Science at the CNRS Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities in charge of research in economics, management, geography and regional studies and a member of the Institut Universitaire de France and the Cercle des économistes.
Eric Vivier is a French professor of immunology at Aix-Marseille and hospital practitioner at Marseille Public University Hospital. He is also Chief Scientific Officer at Innate Pharma, coordinator of the Marseille Immunopôle immunology cluster, and president of the Paris-Saclay Cancer Cluster. Vivier has published more than 300 scientific articles and is on the editorial boards of many peer-reviewed journals. He serves on the expert panel of the European Research Council and the comity of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies.
Michel Davier is a French physicist.
Marc Fontecave is a French chemist. An international specialist in bioinorganic chemistry, he currently teaches at the Collège de France in Paris, where he heads the Laboratory of Chemistry of Biological Processes.
Jean-Claude Weill, is a French biologist, immunologist and member of the French Academy of Sciences.
Cathérine Cécile Picart is a French biophysicist and bioengineer. She is the Head of the Department of Health at CEA Grenoble in the area of fundamental research, a professor at the Institut polytechnique de GrenobleÉcole nationale supérieure de physique, électronique, matériaux (PHELMA) and researcher at the Laboratoire des Matériaux et du Génie Physique (LMGP).
Ariane Mézard is a French mathematician and a professor of mathematics at Sorbonne University who works in arithmetic geometry.
Rémi Abgrall is a French applied mathematician. He is known for his contributions in computational fluid dynamics, numerical analysis of conservation laws, multiphase flow and Hamilton–Jacobi equations. He has been editor in chief of the Journal of Computational Physics since 2015 and is part of the editorial board of several international scientific journals. In 2014 he was invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematics in Seoul. He is author of more than 100 scientific papers published in international scientific journals. He is editor of 4 books and author of one book on advanced topics concerning computational fluid dynamics, high-resolution schemes and conservation laws.
Louis Fensterbank is a French scientist specialized in molecular chemistry. Professor at Sorbonne University and Senior Member of Institut Universitaire de France, he has been the director of the Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire since 2017.
Liliane Léger née Quercy is a French physicist. Her research considers polymers and the molecular mechanisms of adhesion. She was awarded the Groupe Français d’Études et d’Applications des Polymères Prix d’Honneur in 2021.
Agnès Bernet, is a French cell biologist and professor of cancer biology at the University Claude Bernard Lyon I. A co-founder of NETRIS Pharma, she has led within the Laboratory of Apoptosis, Cancer and Development, the research team that validated the use of interference ligand/dependence receptors as novel targeted therapies for cancer.
Christiane Marchello-Nizia is a French linguist who specializes in the history of the French language. She was professor at the École normale supérieure de Lyon and Director of the Institute for French Linguistics until her retirement in 2006.
Marie-Françoise André, born 21 November 1953 in Paris, is a French geographer and geomorphologist specialising in the study of landscape architecture in the polar regions. She applies her knowledge of stone erosion in the field of heritage preservation, particularly in Angkor. Her research was awarded the silver medal from CNRS, the French national centre for scientific research.