Institute for Micro Process Engineering

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Institute for Micro Process Engineering IMVT, view from the south-west TyIMVT20060702i12404.jpg
Institute for Micro Process Engineering IMVT, view from the south-west

The Institute for Micro Process Engineering IMVT (from the German name Institut für Mikroverfahrenstechnik) is an institute within the Karlsruhe Research Center (Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe) in Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. Its main field of activity is micro process engineering, the science of conducting chemical and/or physical processes in confines with typical dimensions below 1 mm.

Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Place in Baden-Württemberg, Germany

Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen/BW is a municipality of about 15000 inhabitants located in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg in the Federal Republic of Germany. It lies about 12 km north of Karlsruhe and is the site of the northern campus of a research centre Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (with the Forschungsreaktor 2. In the west, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen borders on the Rhine River.

Germany Federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central and Western Europe, lying between the Baltic and North Seas to the north, and the Alps to the south. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, France to the southwest, and Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands to the west.

Micro process engineering is the science of conducting chemical or physical processes inside small volumina, typically inside channels with diameters of less than 1 mm (microchannels) or other structures with sub-millimeter dimensions. These processes are usually carried out in continuous flow mode, as opposed to batch production, allowing a throughput high enough to make micro process engineering a tool for chemical production. Micro process engineering is therefore not to be confused with microchemistry, which deals with very small overall quantities of matter.

Contents

History and Organization

The IMVT was formally established in July 2001 and continued previous activities in micro process engineering carried out by the Central Experimentation Department (Hauptabteilung Versuchstechnik, HVT) at the Karlsruhe Research Center. Its first director was Klaus Schubert. Between 1997 and 2001 the first activities, which were focused on developing and testing micro heat exchangers, were expanded by a new group (Head: Maximilian Fichtner) to chemical process engineering in microchannels, with a focus on fuel processing (methanol steam reforming, partial oxidation of methane), synthesis of chemicals and fundamental studies on new types of micro heat exchangers and heterogeneous catalysis under dynamic reaction conditions and in the Knudsen regime. In 2001, the entire activity was turned into a new institute, the IMVT.

Maximilian Fichtner is professor for Solid State Chemistry at the Ulm University and Executive Director of the Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU).

Knudsen diffusion

Knudsen diffusion is a means of diffusion that occurs when the scale length of a system is comparable to or smaller than the mean free path of the particles involved. An example of this is in a long pore with a narrow diameter (2–50 nm) because molecules frequently collide with the pore wall.

Professor Roland Dittmeyer assumed control of the institute in July 2009. The IMVT operates within the programs "Nano- and Microsystems" and "Sustainability and Technology" of the Helmholtz Association. Its staff initially consisted of about 40 employees (on 31 December 2001 [1] ) and numbered approximately 50 in 2005. [2] The institute carries out both basic development of apparatus (e.g. "microreactors") and processes, funded via the Helmholtz Association and the Research Center, as well as development projects in cooperation with and funded by industry.

The Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres is the largest scientific organisation in Germany. It is a union of 18 scientific-technical and biological-medical research centers. The official mission of the Association is "solving the grand challenges of science, society and industry". Scientists at Helmholtz therefore focus research on complex systems which affect human life and the environment. The namesake of the association is the German physiologist and physicist Hermann von Helmholtz.

Microreactor

A microreactor or microstructured reactor or microchannel reactor is a device in which chemical reactions take place in a confinement with typical lateral dimensions below 1 mm; the most typical form of such confinement are microchannels. Microreactors are studied in the field of micro process engineering, together with other devices in which physical processes occur. The microreactor is usually a continuous flow reactor. Microreactors offer many advantages over conventional scale reactors, including vast improvements in energy efficiency, reaction speed and yield, safety, reliability, scalability, on-site/on-demand production, and a much finer degree of process control.

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References

  1. ↑ (PDF file, German) Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Appendix to Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprogramm 2002
  2. ↑ (German) press release no. 13/2005 of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, dated 6 July 2005


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