Intermuscular coordination

Intermuscular coordination describes the coordination within different muscles and groups of muscles. These are used for sceletoral movement, stabilisation of joints, as well as stabilisation of body positioning. ^[1]

The central nervous system is controlling positioning of joints via anticipatory and correcting adaptions of posture, that work against occurring intersegmental forces. ^[2]

The specific role and hierarchy of certain muscles and their meaning for certain movements is further differentiated within literature. ^{[3] [4]}

Usage

Joints are stabilised by interacting muscles, so called synergist muscle. Different synergists feature partial similar functions. Therefore, a certain movement can be formed out of different combinations and participations of muscles acting on a certain joint.

Even muscles not being in a direct connection towards a certain joint can fulfill a stabilising function for that very joint. For a clear specification of any muscles function it is necessary to measure precisely muscular function of not directly involved muscles within certain movements via elktromyografia. ^[5]

Complex movement structures are coordinated within the cerebellum via somatosensoric feedback via psychomotoric learning.

Examples

• Vestibulorcerebellum controls balance and eye-movement. Therefore, view is stable, hull- and thighmuscles are keeping their tension within movements
• Spinocerebellum coordinates activity of armmuscles towards each other
• Pontocerebellum coordinates fingers and their muscle movements ^[6]

References

1. Karin Schmalfeld (2012), Zum Einfluss neuromuskulärer Beanspruchungen auf den Bewegungsablauf und die intermuskuläre Koordination- Untersucht an zyklisch ausgeführten Bizepscurls (in German), Paderborn, p. 42
2. Chabran, E., Maton, B. & Fourment, A. (2002), "Effects of postural muscle fati-gue on the relation between segmental posture and movement.", Journal OfElectromyography and Kinesiology (in German), pp. 67-79
3. Basmajian, J.V. & De Luca, C.J. (1985), Muscles Alive: Their Functions Revealed by Electromyography (in German), Baltimore, ISBN   068300414X
4. Hamill, J. & Knutzen, K.M. (1995), Biomechanical basis of human movement. (in German), Philadelphia, ISBN   9780781763066
5. Björn Stapelfeld& Lorenz Assländer (2009), Albert Gollhofer & Erich Müller (ed.), Beiträge zur lehre und Forschung im Sport; 171 Handbuch Sport-Biomechanik (in German), Hofmann, p. 328, ISBN   978-3778047101
6. Ralf Brandes · Florian Lang · Robert F. Schmidt, ed. (2 April 2019), Physiologie des Menschen (in German) (32 ed.), Springer-Lehrbuch, p. 597, ISBN   978-3-662-56467-7