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The United Auto Workers (UAW), fully named International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, is an American labor union that represents workers in the United States and southern Ontario, Canada. It was founded as part of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and grew rapidly from 1936 to the 1950s. The union played a major role in the liberal wing of the Democratic Party under the leadership of Walter Reuther. It was known for gaining high wages and pensions for automotive manufacturing workers, but it was unable to unionize auto plants built by foreign-based car makers in the South after the 1970s, and it went into a steady decline in membership; reasons for this included increased automation, decreased use of labor, movements of manufacturing, and increased globalization.
The Communist Party USA and its allies played an important role in the United States labor movement, particularly in the 1930s and 1940s, but wasn't successful either in bringing the labor movement around to its agenda of fighting for socialism and full workers' control over industry, or in converting their influence in any particular union into membership gains for the Party. The CP has had only negligible influence in labor since its supporters' defeat in internal union political battles in the aftermath of World War II and the CIO's expulsion of the unions in which they held the most influence in 1950. After the expulsion of the Communists, organized labor in the United States began a steady decline.
The Communist Party (CP) and its allies played a role in the United States labor movement, particularly in the 1930s and 1940s, but largely wasn't successful either in bringing the labor movement around to its agenda or in converting their influence in any particular union into membership gains for the Party. The CP has had only negligible influence in labor since its supporters' defeat in internal union political battles in the aftermath of World War II and the Congress of Industrial Organizations's (CIO) expulsion of unions in which the party held the most influence in 1950. The expelled parties were often raided by stronger unions, and most withered away.
The American Federation of Labor was a national federation of labor unions in the United States that continues today as the AFL–CIO. It was founded in Columbus, Ohio, in 1886 by an alliance of craft unions eager to provide mutual support and disappointed in the Knights of Labor. Samuel Gompers was elected the full-time president at its founding convention and was re-elected every year except one until his death in 1924. He became the major spokesperson for the union movement.
Roland Jay Thomas, also known as R. J. Thomas, was a left-wing leader of the United Auto Workers in the 1930s and 1940s. He grew up in eastern Ohio and attended the College of Wooster for two years. The need to help support his family caused him to leave college and go to work. In 1923, he moved to Detroit, where he worked in a number of automobile plants.
The Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Union (OCAW) was a trade union in the United States which existed between 1917 and 1999. At the time of its dissolution and merger, the International represented 80,000 workers and was affiliated with the AFL–CIO.
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The Insurance Workers of America (IWA) was a labor union representing workers in the insurance industry, in the United States.
The International Chemical Workers' Union (ICWU) was a labor union representing workers in the chemical industry in the United States and Canada.
The United Paperworkers of America (UPA) was a labor union representing workers involved in making paper in the United States.
The Aluminum Workers' International Union (AWIU) was a labor union representing metal workers in the United States.
The United Glass and Ceramics Workers of North America (UGCWNA) was a labor union representing workers in several related industries in the United States and Canada.
The International Jewelry Workers' Union (IJWU) was a labor union representing workers involved in making jewelry in the United States and Canada.
The United Rubber, Cork, Linoleum and Plastic Workers of America (URW) was a labor union representing workers involved in manufacturing using specific materials, in the United States and Canada.
The International Union of Journeymen and Allied Trades (IUJAT) is a general union in the United States, with a history as a labor union representing farriers.
The National Association of Special Delivery Messengers (SDM) was a labor union representing United States Postal Service workers.
The Leather Workers' International Union of America (LWU) was a labor union representing workers in the leather industry in the United States and Canada.
References
- 1 2 3 "History of USW Local 13-1". USW Local 13-1. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ↑ Gary M. Fink, ed. Labor unions (Greenwood, 1977) pp. 8–10.
- ↑ Directory of National and International Labor Unions in the United States (PDF). Washington DC: United States Department of Labor. 1957. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- ↑ Directory of National Unions and Employee Associations (PDF). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Labor. 1980. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
- ↑ "Inactive Organizations" (PDF). UMD Labor Collections. University of Maryland. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Notable Names in American History. Clifton, New Jersey: James T. White & Company. 1973. p. 557. ISBN 0883710021.
