International Women's Strike 2018

Last updated
Strike in Montevideo International women's strike, Montevideo, 2018 (cropped).jpg
Strike in Montevideo
Strike in Montevideo Montevideo 2018M (39989342574).jpg
Strike in Montevideo

The International Women's Strike or International Feminist Strike 8-M was a movement that took place on March 8, 2018, International Women's Day. It was organized by feminist movements in support of women's rights across the world. [1] [2] It was supported by over 170 countries and a large number of related local activities. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Contents

The movement called for the end of violence against women, gender inequality, and different forms of oppression against women. This international action also had the objective to determine the level of exploitation of women in the workplace, social reproduction, and reproductive labor. [8] [9]

History

See also Global Women's Strike and International Women's Strike .

The first historical example of a national strike led by a women's movement took place in Iceland, on October 24, 1975, with paid workers and housewives taking part. On the anniversary of the strike, October 24, 2016, Icelandic women left their workplaces two hours and twenty minutes before the end of the working day, demonstrating the visible representation of the gender pay gap between men and women. [10]

On March 8, 2000, the Campaña Internacional por un Salario para el Trabajo en el Hogar called the first International Women's Strike, demanding the women's right to justice for their unrecognised contribution to the workforce. [11] The movement was especially active during the years 2000-2001. [12]

Another large protest took place on October 3, 2016 in Poland, known as Black Monday, against plans to criminalize abortion, including miscarriage, and the termination of a pregnancy as a result of rape. The most important result was that law was not passed in the Polish parliament.

On October 19, 2016, in Argentina, members of the movement Ni Una Menos and other feminist organizations, called for an hour-long strike and various demonstrations, after a week with 7 femicides. A Women's March on Washington was also held on January 21, 2017.

In the context of massive demonstrations in different countries, Polish activists began to connect and coordinate actions with similar movements in other countries, initially joined by Israel, Italy, South Korea, Russia, Ireland, Brazil, and Mexico forming a group to create the International Women's Strike. [3] [13]

The first International Women's Strike was on March 8, 2017 and took place in more than 50 countries around the world. [14] Important protests occurred for the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women on November 25, 2017 in different countries, as well as a massive answer to the call of the Women's March 2018 in the United States. These movements [15] are considered as precedents for a second global call to an international women's strike by activists. [13] [16]

Later, in October 2017, during the 3rd ITUC World Women's Conference/Women's Organizing Assembly, 200 female trade unionists gathered from around the world in Costa Rica, and trade unionist representatives from Latin America, primarily from Argentina and Brazil, asked the unions to take part in the second International Women's Strike call on March 8, 2017. [17]

International Women's Strike 2018

Call

Under slogans like #NosParamos, #WeStrike,"If our lives are worthless, produce without us", "What they call love is unpaid work", the feminist movements called for a strike from workers, students, carers and consumers. The call included salaried and non-salaried women of all sexual orientations and identities. [8]

One of the main demands was for a society free from violence against women, whose most visible manifestation is the aggression and murder of women for the simple fact of being women. Women's labor rights were also defended, affected by precarious work, the gender pay gap, and sexual harassment in the workplace. Poverty, racial violence, persecution of immigrants and cutbacks in social and health programmes were also reported. [18]

Organisation

The March 8 movements were stopped in more than 70 countries by multiple national and local organisations, collectives, and activists. These movements were globally assembled by coalitions like the Spanish Internacional Feminista and International Women's Strike. [19]

In dozens of cities, preparatory assemblies were held to organise marches and other actions. These assemblies did not respond to a centralized organisation and were convened at a local level, generally in public spaces such as squares, with participants ranging from a few dozen to more than a thousand, such as the meeting that took place in Buenos Aires on February 8, 2018.

Trade unions supported the strike in some countries, although the form of this support took was a matter of debate. While some sections of the trade union movement argued that a strike could not legally distinguish between the sexes, the feminist movement argued that only women should go on strike. From this perspective, men should support the women by taking on the work and care tasks that were left unattended, and participating in other types of actions that would contribute to making the importance of women visible. In Spain, CNT (National Confederation of Labour), CGT (General Confederation of Labour), CIG (Galician Unions Confederacy), CoBas (Union of broad-based commissions of Catalonia) and other non-majority unions called a 24-hour general strike, [20] providing legal coverage to be able to strike in all work centers throughout the day. On the other hand, UGT (General Union of Workers) and CCOO (Worker's Commissions) called for 2-hour partial stoppages in the morning and the afternoon; [21] and USE called for a four-hour stoppage at noon. [22] Part of the management accused them of supporting a political strike, but they were not brought to justice.

Movement 'WE FEMALE JOURNALISTS STOP'

Journalists Stop in Madrid Las periodistas paramos.jpg
Journalists Stop in Madrid

In Spain at the beginning of March, a movement of women journalists with the slogan 'Las periodistas paramos' ('We female journalists strike') began spontaneously, which within a few days won the support of more than 8,000 female media professionals. [23] The movement specifically denounces the Gender pay gap suffered by women in the sector, the glass ceiling, the precariousness and higher levels of temporary employment suffered by female journalists compared to their colleagues, sexual and labour harassment and calls for co-responsibility in care. It also encourages groups of women journalists from other countries to make their own manifesto. [24] [25] [26]

On March 8, the manifesto was read at the Plaza Callao in Madrid at the gates of the Press Palace. The meeting was attended by several hundred female journalists from the main Spanish media. It was also held in other Spanish cities: Barcelona, Bilbao, Granada, Cadiz, Valencia, Seville and León. [27]

The document explains that they are aware of the 'social relevance' of the work they do and they are concerned about 'the partial vision of reality that the media so often offer and in which the presence and contributions of women are lacking'. 'Feminism is also necessary to improve journalism,' they highlight.

For this reason, the professionals who have promoted the manifesto call on the media and newspaper companies to take action in areas such as the wage gap, demanding 'wage transparency and a review of professional categories, complements and criteria'. [27]

8M Demands

Civil and political equality, equality before the law, equal pay, right to work, right to education, equal opportunities and equality of outcome for women compared to men makes up the general core of the world's demands, which have their own expression in each country depending on its socio-political situation. Thus, as part of human rights, reproductive rights (access to family planning and birth control methods and abortion-rights), sexual freedom (sexual diversity, LGBT), etc. are claimed. An end to violence against women (aggression, humiliation, discrimination or exclusion, rape, murder of women) and the adoption of legal, political and educational measures to protect women is called for. The wage gap between men and women was condemned, calling for equal pay for equal work. Reproductive labor (domestic work and care work), which is fundamental to sustaining the lives of human beings and is carried out mainly by women and is not recognized. A secular state and equal education were claimed. [28] [29] [30]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eskalera Karakola</span> Squat in Madrid, Spain

Eskalera Karakola is a feminist self-managed social centre in Madrid, Spain. Women squatted a bakery on Calle de Embajadores 40 from 1996 until 2005, whereupon they were given a building at Calle de Embajadores 52.

The 2010–2011 University of Puerto Rico strikes (UPR) refer to the student strikes which took place between May 2010 and June 2010 in ten of the university system's eleven constituent institutions, as well as the protests that occurred from October 2010 to February 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paloma Navares</span> Spanish artist

Paloma Navares is an interdisciplinary Spanish artist who combines sculpture, photography, video and audio in her installations. Recurring themes in her work are the feminine condition, the historical representation of women through art, the critical analysis of the canon, madness, beauty and aging.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marta Lamas</span>

Marta Lamas Encabo is a Mexican anthropologist and political science professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and lecturer at the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM). She is one of Mexico's leading feminists and has written many books aimed at reducing discrimination by opening public discourse on feminism, gender, prostitution and abortion. Since 1990, Lamas has edited one of Latin America's most important feminist journals, Debate Feminista. In 2005, she was nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize.

Feminism in Argentina is a set of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women in Argentina. Although some women have been considered precursors—among them Juana Manso and Juana Manuela Gorriti—feminism was introduced to the country as a result of the great European immigration wave that took place in the late 19th and early 20th century. The first feminists did not form a unified movement, but included anarchist and socialist activists, who incorporated women's issues into their revolutionary program, and prestigious freethinker women, who initially fought for access to higher education and, later, legal equality with men. The early 20th century was also full of women fighting for their freedom and rights in the workplace. Despite the efforts of the first-wave feminists, Argentine women did not acquire the right to vote until 1947, during Juan Perón's first government. His highly popular wife, Eva, championed women's suffrage and founded and ran the nation's first large-scale female political party, the Female Peronist Party. Although she refused to identify herself as a feminist, Eva Perón is valued for having redefined the role of women in politics.

Magaly Antonia Pineda Tejada, known as the mother of feminism in the Dominican Republic, was a Dominican sociologist, teacher, researcher, and activist. She was considered one of the most important defenders of human rights, particularly women's rights, in her country. As a leftist activist, she participated in the 14th of June Revolutionary Movement and the Dominican Popular Movement.

Gladys Ethel Parentelli Manzino is a Uruguayan feminist theologian and photographer who has lived in Venezuela since 1969. A representative of Latin American ecofeminism, she was one of three Latin American women appointed by Pope Paul VI as observers at the Second Vatican Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">XHCDMX-FM</span> Feminist community radio station in Mexico City

XHCDMX-FM "Violeta Radio" is a community radio station on 106.1 FM in Mexico City. The station describes itself as a "feminist" radio station; its concession is held by Alianza por el Derecho Humano de las Mujeres a Comunicar, A.C., a civil association formed by several women's organizations and activists.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Montserrat Boix</span> Spanish journalist

Montserrat Boix Piqué is a Spanish journalist, considered among the most influential women in her country. In early 2000, she created and developed the concepts of social cyberfeminism, and a year later those of feminist hacktivism. Another of her main areas of work is gender violence and communication. She has also stood out as a defender of the right to communication and citizenship rights for women. Since 1986, she has been a journalist for the Information Services of Televisión Española (TVE), in the international section.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ana de Miguel</span> Spanish philosopher and feminist

Ana de Miguel Álvarez is a Spanish philosopher and feminist. Since 2005 she has been a titular professor of Moral and Political Philosophy at King Juan Carlos University of Madrid. She directs the course History of Feminist Theory at the Complutense University of Madrid's Instituto de Investigaciones Feministas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laura Nuño Gómez</span> Spanish political scientist, feminist activist

Laura Nuño Gómez is a Spanish political scientist, researcher, and feminist activist. She is director of the Gender Studies Chair of the Institute of Public Law and the Gender Equality Observatory at King Juan Carlos University (URJC), as well as the creator of the first academic degree in Gender Studies in Spain, and of various postgraduate programs in this subject. She is the author of El mito del varón sustentador, as well as about 30 articles and books about her research. Since the enactment of the Law for Effective Equality of Women and Men, she has been one of the three expert members of the State Council for the Participation of Women.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rosa Cobo Bedía</span> Spanish feminist, writer and professor

Rosa Cobo Bedía is a Spanish feminist, writer, and professor of sociology of gender at the University of A Coruña. She is also the director of the Center for Gender Studies and Feminists at the same university. Her main line of research is feminist theory and the sociology of gender.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fourth-wave feminism in Spain</span>

Fourth-wave feminism in Spain is about digital participation in virtual spaces, encouraging debates and using collective force to enact change. It is about fighting patriarchal systems, denouncing violence against women, and discrimination and inequality faced by women. It is also about creating real and effective equality between women and men. It has several major themes, with the first and most important in a Spanish context being violence against women. Other themes include the abolition of prostitution, the condemnation of pornography, the support of legal abortion, the amplifying of women's voices, ensuring mothers and fathers both have access to parental leave, opposition to surrogacy, and wage and economic parity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tenants' strike of 1907</span>

The Tenants' Strike or Broom Strike of 1907 was a popular movement against the rise in rents in tenant houses in the city of Buenos Aires and other Argentine cities, popularly called conventillos. The strike began in August 1907, it lasted approximately 3 months and more than one hundred tenants participated in the movement, with thirty-two thousand workers on strike. It had a significant presence of anarchist and socialist activists.

<i>Antimonumenta</i> (Mexico City) Anti-monument in Mexico City

An antimonumenta was installed in front of the Palace of Fine Arts, in Mexico City on 8 March 2019, the date commemorating International Women's Day, during the annual march of women protesting against gender violence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mabel Lozano</span> Spanish actress

Mabel Lozano is a Spanish writer, model, film director, film and television actress and activist in defense of women's rights. In her work she denounces the sexual exploitation of women through prostitution and trafficking. In 2021 she received the Goya Award for best documentary short film for Biografía del cadáver de una mujer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sara Justo</span> Argentine educator and dentist

Sara Justo was an Argentine women's rights activist, educator and dentist. She was a leader in the women's rights movement of Argentina early in the 20th century, supporting women's suffrage and co-founding both the Women's Pro-Suffrage Committee and the Feminist Center of Argentina. She was one of the first four women dentists in Argentina, graduating from the University of Buenos Aires in 1901.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Montserrat Cervera Rodon</span> Catalan anti-militarist and womens health activist

Montserrat Cervera Rodon is a Catalan anti-militarist, feminist, and women's health activist, involved in various feminist actions and campaigns such as the right to abortion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Miren Ortubay Fuentes</span> Spanish lawyer and criminologist

Miren Ortubay Fuentes is a Spanish lawyer and criminologist, as well as a professor at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), specializing in gender-related violence and prisoners' rights.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carmen G. de la Cueva</span> Spanish journalist

Carmen G. de la Cueva is a Spanish journalist, writer, and editor. From 2014 to 2019, she directed "La tribu", a virtual community dedicated to the dissemination of literature written by women. She has published several books, and was director of the feminist publishing house La Señora Dalloway.

References

  1. ↑ Por qué mujeres del todo el mundo planean hacer huelga el 8 de Marzo, Sarah Jaffe, Viento Sur, 24 de febero de 2018
  2. ↑ Hacia la huelga feminista del 8-M: el día en el que las mujeres intentarán parar el mundo, Cuarto Poder, 2771/2018
  3. 1 2 "Las mujeres preparan el Paro Internacional del 8 de marzo - TN.com.ar". Todo Noticias (in Spanish). 5 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  4. ↑ Igualdad (22 February 2018). "Una huelga feminista sin fronteras, de Argentina a Kurdistán". eldiario.es.
  5. ↑ Distintos países, un mismo grito contra la desigualdad, El País, M.R. Sahuquillo,7 de marzo de 2018
  6. ↑ 8-M: El feminismo desborda España, La Marea, 9 de marzo de 2018
  7. ↑ 8M: Orgullo feminista, eldiario.es, 8 de marzo de 2018
  8. 1 2 "Paro Internacional de Mujeres: multitudinaria asamblea para organizar el 8M - TN.com.ar". Todo Noticias (in Spanish). 10 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  9. ↑ Panzerini, Lorena. "Parar para mover todo | Hacia el nuevo Paro Internacional de Mujeres". PAGINA12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  10. ↑ "El ejemplo más reciente: la huelga de las mujeres islandesas | lamarea.com". lamarea.com (in European Spanish). 6 March 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  11. ↑ "Mujeres y niñas hacen 2/3 del trabajo mundial por 5% de los ingresos". www.mujeresenred.net. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
  12. ↑ Blume, E. Sue. "- Mujeres en Red". www.mujeresenred.net. Retrieved 4 March 2018.
  13. 1 2 Jaffe, Sarah (9 February 2018). "Women Across the Globe Are Planning to Strike on March 8. Here's Why" . Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  14. ↑ "Fotogalería del 8M en el mundo; el día en que las mujeres hicieron temblar la tierra". LARED21 (in European Spanish). Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  15. ↑ Bogado, Male (9 March 2018). "#8MPy: Mujeres marcharon por un sistema justo y humano para todos". Archived from the original on 20 May 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  16. ↑ "Miles, de cara al 8 de marzo | Segundo día de la Women's March y convocatorias hacia el Paro Internacional". PAGINA12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-02-17.
  17. ↑ "3a Conferencia Mundial de Mujeres de la CSI/Asamblea de Organización de Mujeres - Confederación Sindical Internacional". www.ituc-csi.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 March 2018.
  18. ↑ Taylor, Angela Davis / Nancy Fraser / Linda Alcoff / Cinzia Arruzza / Tithi Bhattacharya / Rosa Clemente / Z. "Un feminismo para el 99%: por eso las mujeres haremos huelga este año". ctxt.es | Contexto y Acción (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  19. ↑ "La Women's March 2018 | Protesta mundial a un año de gobierno Trump". PAGINA12 (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  20. ↑ "Sí, hay huelga general el 8 de marzo y es legal". www.elsaltodiario.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  21. ↑ "UGT y CCOO registran la convocatoria de huelga general para el 8 de marzo" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2018-03-04. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  22. ↑ "USO registra la convocatoria de huelga para el 8 de marzo". www.uso.es (in European Spanish). 20 February 2018. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  23. ↑ "5.200 mujeres periodistas respaldan la huelga del 8 de marzo". EL PAÍS (in Spanish). 2018-03-03. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  24. ↑ "Las periodistas paramos". Las periodistas paramos (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  25. ↑ "Más de 5.300 mujeres periodistas firman un manifiesto por la huelga del 8M". Catalunyapress (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  26. ↑ Lourido, Mariola (2018-03-01). "4.000 mujeres periodistas firman contra el machismo y apoyan la huelga del 8M". Cadena SER (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  27. 1 2 "Las periodistas se concentran en Callao". Madridiario (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  28. ↑ "Manifiesto 8M". Hacia la huelga feminista (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  29. ↑ "Diez medidas que se pueden poner en marcha ya para responder a las demandas del feminismo". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
  30. ↑ "Cierre del multitudinario acto del 8M frente al Congreso: "No nos callamos más"". Diario26 (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-03-07. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.