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The Nayirah testimony was a false testimony given before the United States Congressional Human Rights Caucus on October 10, 1990 by a 15-year-old girl who provided only her first name, Nayirah. The testimony was widely publicized, and was cited numerous times by United States senators and President George H. W. Bush in their rationale to back Kuwait in the Gulf War. In 1992, it was revealed that Nayirah's last name was Al-Ṣabaḥ and that she was the daughter of Saud Al-Sabah, the Kuwaiti ambassador to the United States. Furthermore, it was revealed that her testimony was organized as part of the Citizens for a Free Kuwait public relations campaign, which was run by the American public relations firm Hill & Knowlton for the Kuwaiti government. Following this, al-Sabah's testimony has come to be regarded as a classic example of modern atrocity propaganda.
Diana Haddad is a Lebanese singer and television personality who also holds Emirati citizenship and is based in the United Arab Emirates. Haddad is one of the most popular Arabic pop musicians in the Arab World and has been so since the mid-1990s. Her debut album Saken (1996) was one of the best selling albums of 1996, being certified platinum by Haddad's label Stallions Records. The album also introduced Haddad and her Bedouin music style to the public.
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in the Western Asia. It is situated in the northern edge of Eastern Arabia at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to the north and Saudi Arabia to the south. Kuwait has a coastal length of approximately 499 km (310 mi). As of 2021, Kuwait has a population of 4.5 million people: 1.3 million are Kuwaitis and 3.2 million are foreign nationals. Most of the country's population reside in the urban agglomeration of the capital city Kuwait City.
Hajjiyah Dame Violet Penelope Dickson, DBE was the wife of British colonial administrator H. R. P. Dickson. She lived in Kuwait for 61 years, half of them as a widow, and published several books on the country. She was a keen amateur botanist and had a plant, Horwoodia dicksoniae, named in her honour.
American imperialism was a serious problem in the formation of Arab cinema in general and cinema of Kuwait in particular. This act caused the absence of the real personality and character of a Kuwaiti culture and history. However, Kuwaitis tried to preserve their national identity by producing and broadcasting local content in their television channels. Which was a balance between protecting and preserving their national identity while also satisfying other preferences. The domination of American films and other foreign produced films has the Kuwaiti cinema imitate and depend on it for so long. It was in 1971 that the young talent of Khalid Alsidiqq that emerged and directed the first Kuwaiti feature film that talks about its cultural heritage and history.
The first bill which would have given women the right to vote in Kuwait was put to the parliament in 1963. It was ultimately overturned due to pressure from conservatives. Bills continued to be denied through 1985 and 1986. Kuwait then became heavily involved in the Iraq-Iran war, and women began demanding recognition for their efforts in keeping their families and society functional. The parliament agreed and the first woman was finally appointed as the ambassador of the Persian Gulf in 1993. In 1996, 500 women stopped working for an hour to show solidarity in their right for suffrage, and demonstrations continued throughout the next 6 years. In May 1999 a decree that allowed women the right to vote and run for office was issued by the emir, however it was overruled again by the parliament 6 months later.
The women of Kuwait have experienced many progressive changes since the early 20th century. Since then, women have become more educated, gained political and economic rights, and power. In 2014 and 2015, Kuwait was ranked first among Arab countries in the Global Gender Gap Report. Currently, as of 2020, Kuwait ranks third among MENA countries for gender equality behind Israel and the United Arab Emirates. However, women in Kuwait still struggle against a traditional patriarchal culture which discriminates against them in various fields. Kuwait's stateless Bedoon women are at risk of significant human rights abuses and persecution, Kuwait has the largest number of stateless people in the entire region.
Migrant workers in Kuwait constitute a significant proportion of the population.
Fatma Yousif al-Ali is a Kuwaiti journalist and short story writer. A graduate in Arabic Literature from Cairo University, in 1971 she became the first Kuwaiti woman to write a novel. She has also published four collections of short stories. She is a prominent member of the Kuwaiti Literary Association. Her work has been published in Banipal magazine.
Laila al-Othman is a Kuwaiti writer, novelist, short story writer, and a famous fictionist who was born into a prominent Kuwaiti family in 1943, and only 22 years later she made her writing debut in a local newspaper featuring her opinion on social and literary issues. During the course of her career, she has published 14 collections of short stories, nine novels, and many news articles.
Lamees Dhaif is a Bahraini journalist, renowned for social criticism, including satirical articles. She has written in various newspapers, including AlAyam, Akhbar Al Khaleej, AlYaum, AlWaqt, AlQabas, and AlRai in the Persian Gulf region. Currently, she has a column in AlShabiba newspaper.
Mary Bruins Allison was one of the first American women to be trained in medicine in the United States to worked as a missionary physician in Arabia. While attending medical college in Philadelphia, she learned Arabic. In 1934, she went to the Middle East to work as a missionary physician. In her forty-year long career, she worked primarily in Kuwait, as well as India, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman. In her capacity in Kuwait, she treated rich and poor women.
Faiza Mohammed Al-Kharafi is a Kuwaiti chemist and academic. She was the president of Kuwait University from 1993 to 2002, and the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East. She is the vice president of the World Academy of Sciences.
The Kuwaiti nationality law is the legal pathway for non-nationals to become citizens of the State of Kuwait. The Kuwaiti nationality law is based on a wide range of decrees; first passed in 1920 and then in 1959. An Amiri decree was passed later in 1960. Since the 1960s, the implementation of the nationality law has been very arbitrary and lacks transparency. The lack of transparency prevents non-nationals from receiving a fair opportunity to obtain citizenship. A number of amendments were made in 1980, 1982, 1994, 1998, and 2000.
Fatima Al Qadiri is a Senegalese-born Kuwaiti musician and conceptual artist.
Kuwait has produced several prominent contemporary writers. There is also evidence that Kuwaiti culture has long been interactive with English and French literature. Some of the translators include Yaqoub Al-Hamad, Fathil Khalaf, poet Suleiman Al-Khulaifi, and Mahmoud Tawfeeq Ahmad who translated a number of short French plays by Molière.
Faten Farouq Al-Naqeeb is a Kuwaiti lawyer. She is the principal managing partner of Al Naqeeb & Partners.
Souad Al-Humaidhi was Kuwaiti businesswoman, owner of a range of commercial and residential complexes in and outside Kuwait, among them and a residential hotel and a tower in Beirut. Is also member of the Union of Real Estate Owners in Kuwait, of the Board of Directors of Bank Audi in Lebanon and holds stakes in several banks throughout Kuwait, including the National Bank of Kuwait and Solidere.
Alanoud Alsharekh is a Kuwaiti women's rights activist who is a founding member of Abolish 153, a campaign calling to end honour killings in Kuwait. She has been awarded the Ordre national du Mérite and was made one of the BBC 100 Women in 2019.
References
- ↑ Radwa Ashour; Ferial Ghazoul; Hasna Reda-Mekdashi (1 November 2008). Arab Women Writers: A Critical Reference Guide, 1873-1999. American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 978-1-61797-554-7.
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