Akiva ben Yosef, also known as Rabbi Akiva, was a leading Jewish scholar and sage, a tanna of the latter part of the first century and the beginning of the second century. Rabbi Akiva was a leading contributor to the Mishnah and to Midrash halakha. He is referred to in the Talmud as Rosh la-Hakhamim "Chief of the Sages". He was executed by the Romans in the aftermath of the Bar Kokhba revolt.
Yeshu is the name of an individual or individuals mentioned in rabbinic literature, which historically has been assumed to be a reference to Jesus when used in the Talmud. The name Yeshu is also used in other sources before and after the completion of the Babylonian Talmud. It is also the modern Israeli spelling of Jesus.
The Mizrachi is a religious Zionist organization founded in 1902 in Vilnius at a world conference of religious Zionists called by Rabbi Yitzchak Yaacov Reines. Bnei Akiva, which was founded in 1929, is the youth movement associated with Mizrachi. Both Mizrachi and the Bnei Akiva youth movement continued to function as international movements. Here the word "Mizrahi" is a notarikon for "Merkaz Ruhani" lit. Spiritual centre: מרכזרוחני, introduced by rabbi Samuel Mohilever.
Kovno Kollel also known as Kollel Perushim of Kovno or Kollel Knesses Beis Yitzchok, was a kollel located in Kaunas, Lithuania. It was founded in 1877 by Rabbi Yisrael Lipkin Salanter when he was 67.
Elisha ben Abuyah was a rabbi and Jewish religious authority born in Jerusalem sometime before 70 CE. After he adopted a worldview considered heretical by his fellow Tannaim and betrayed his people, the rabbis of the Talmud refrained from relating teachings in his name and referred to him as the "Other One". In the writings of the Geonim this name appears as "Achor" ("backwards"), because Elisha was considered to have "turned backwards" by embracing heresy.
Avrom Ber Gotlober, also known by the pen names Abag and Mahalalel, was a Russian Maskilic writer, poet, playwright, historian, journalist and educator. His first collection was published in 1835.
Lag BaOmer, also Lag B'Omer or Lag LaOmer, is a Jewish religious holiday celebrated on the 33rd day of the Counting of the Omer, which occurs on the 18th day of the Hebrew month of Iyar.
Abraham Lewysohn was a Hebraist and rabbi of Peiskretscham, Upper Silesia. He left a large number of manuscripts, several hundred sermons in Hebrew and Danish, novellæ on the Talmud, verses, a German work on Hebrew grammar, and a work titled Dorot Tannaim wa-Amoraim, a history of the Tannaim and Amoraim, the introduction to which, titled "Parnasat chakme ha-Talmud," was published in Kobak's Jeschurun.
Isaac (Isaak) Hirsch Weiss, also Eisik Hirsch Weiss, was an Austrian Talmudist and historian of literature born at Groß Meseritsch, Habsburg Moravia.
The Jewish Cemetery in Währing, opened in 1784, was the main burial site for members of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien. Besides the St. Marx Cemetery it is the last remaining cemetery of Vienna in the Biedermeier style. After its closure in the 1880s, it was partially destroyed during the time of the Third Reich, and is now only partly accessible due to its deteriorating condition. A long-running debate over the restoration of the cemetery has been taking place since 2006 between politicians of the federal and local levels as well as experts.
Rabbi Moshe Shmuel Glasner (1856–1924), a Hungarian Talmudic scholar and communal leader, served as chief rabbi of Klausenburg from 1877 to 1923. In 1923 he left Klausenburg for Jerusalem where he resided until his death in 1924. He is best known as the author of Dor Revi'i, a classic commentary on the tractate Hullin, and as a supporter of Zionism and a founder of Mizrachi.
Meir ben Samuel, also known by the Hebrew acronym RaM for Rabbi Meir, was a French rabbi and tosafist, who was born in about 1060 in Ramerupt, and died after 1135. His father was an eminent scholar. Meir received his education in the Talmudical schools of Lorraine, his principal teachers being Isaac ben Asher ha-Levi and Eleazar ben Isaac of Mainz, with whom he later carried on a correspondence.
Quintus Tineius Rufus, also known as Turnus Rufus the Evil in Jewish sources was a senator and provincial governor under the Roman Empire. He is known for his role unsuccessfully combating the early uprising phase of the Jews under Simon bar Kokhba and Elasar.
Königswarter is a Jewish Austrian-Hungarian noble family originating from Königswart, Bohemia. In the middle of the eighteenth century, their ancestor Jonas Hirsch Königswarter emigrated to Fürth, Bavaria, where he established a business that made him wealthy. At his death (1805) he left five sons, who founded banking houses successively in Frankfurt, Vienna, Amsterdam, and Hamburg.
Joachim (Ḥayyim) Oppenheim, also known as Joachim Heinrich Oppenheim, was a Czech rabbi and author.
Ben-Zion Alfes (1851-1941) was a rabbi, author and Jewish orator. His most well-known book is Maaseh Alfes. The last work he saw published, written at age 90, was an autobiography titled "The Life Story of the Maase Alfes." Another work, Toledot ve-Zikhronot, also an autobiography, but with a different focus, was published posthumously.
Yechezkel Feivel ben Ze'ev Wolf was the Maggid in Vilnius in the early 19th century and the author of several books, including Toldos Adam, a hagiography of Rabbi Zalman of Vilna, the famed brother of Chaim of Volozhin and student of the Vilna Gaon.
Shimon Akiva Baer ben Yosef of Vienna was a 17th-century Viennese Talmudist and kabbalistic writer.
Rabbi Solomon Eger was an influential rabbi and successor of his father as the rabbi of Posen, then in Germany.
Jonas Yom-Tob Spitz was a teacher of Hebrew and German in the Jewish school of Prague during the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the author of Alon bakut, on the death of his grandfather Rabbi Eleazar Fleckeles of Prague; Zikhron Eliezer, a biography of Fleckeles; and Toledot Yitzḥak, a biography of his father, Isaac Spitz. Spitz was a collaborator on the Bikkure ha-Ittim, to volumes VI and VII of which he contributed sixteen scientific essays.
