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An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies – in either observational or theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers study include planetary science, solar astronomy, the origin or evolution of stars, or the formation of galaxies. Related but distinct subjects like physical cosmology, which studies the Universe as a whole.
Amateur astronomy is a hobby where participants enjoy observing or imaging celestial objects in the sky using the unaided eye, binoculars, or telescopes. Even though scientific research may not be their primary goal, some amateur astronomers make contributions in doing citizen science, such as by monitoring variable stars, double stars, sunspots, or occultations of stars by the Moon or asteroids, or by discovering transient astronomical events, such as comets, galactic novae or supernovae in other galaxies.
Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and evolution. Objects of interest include planets, moons, stars, nebulae, galaxies, and comets. Relevant phenomena include supernova explosions, gamma ray bursts, quasars, blazars, pulsars, and cosmic microwave background radiation. More generally, astronomy studies everything that originates beyond Earth's atmosphere. Cosmology is a branch of astronomy that studies the universe as a whole.
Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies. The first detection of radio waves from an astronomical object was in 1932, when Karl Jansky at Bell Telephone Laboratories observed radiation coming from the Milky Way. Subsequent observations have identified a number of different sources of radio emission. These include stars and galaxies, as well as entirely new classes of objects, such as radio galaxies, quasars, pulsars, and masers. The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation, regarded as evidence for the Big Bang theory, was made through radio astronomy.
Astrophysics is a science that employs the methods and principles of physics in the study of astronomical objects and phenomena. Among the subjects studied are the Sun, other stars, galaxies, extrasolar planets, the interstellar medium and the cosmic microwave background. Emissions from these objects are examined across all parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, and the properties examined include luminosity, density, temperature, and chemical composition. Because astrophysics is a very broad subject, astrophysicists apply concepts and methods from many disciplines of physics, including classical mechanics, electromagnetism, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, relativity, nuclear and particle physics, and atomic and molecular physics.
A deep-sky object (DSO) is any astronomical object that is not an individual star or Solar System object. The classification is used for the most part by amateur astronomers to denote visually observed faint naked eye and telescopic objects such as star clusters, nebulae and galaxies. This distinction is practical and technical, implying a variety of instruments and techniques appropriate to observation, and does not distinguish the nature of the object itself.
The British Astronomical Association (BAA) was formed in 1890 as a national body to support the UK's amateur astronomers.
William Herbert Steavenson FRAS was an English amateur astronomer.
V603 Aquilae was a bright nova first observed in the constellation Aquila in 1918. It was the brightest "new star" to appear in the sky since Kepler's Supernova in 1604. Like all novae, it is a binary system, comprising a white dwarf and donor low-mass star in close orbit to the point of being only semidetached. The white dwarf sucks matter off its companion, which has filled its Roche lobe, onto its accretion disk and surface until the excess material is blown off in a thermonuclear event. This material then forms an expanding shell, which eventually thins out and disappears.
Astronomy is a monthly American magazine about astronomy. Targeting amateur astronomers, it contains columns on sky viewing, reader-submitted astrophotographs, and articles on astronomy and astrophysics for general readers.
Visible-light astronomy encompasses a wide variety of observations via telescopes that are sensitive in the range of visible light. Visible-light astronomy is part of optical astronomy, and differs from astronomies based on invisible types of light in the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, such as radio waves, infrared waves, ultraviolet waves, X-ray waves and gamma-ray waves. Visible light ranges from 380 to 750 nanometers in wavelength.
Colin Alistair Ronan FRAS was a British author and specialist in the history and philosophy of science.
Astronomy Now is a monthly British magazine on astronomy and space. According to the Royal Astronomical Society, Astronomy Now is the "principal amateur astronomy magazine in Britain" with a reputed circulation of 24,000.
Orion Telescopes & Binoculars is an American retail company that sells telescopes, binoculars and accessories online and in-store for astronomy and birdwatching. It was founded in 1975 and has corporate offices in Watsonville, California with a retail store in Cupertino, California. A large proportion of its products are manufactured by the Chinese company Synta for the Orion brand name. Orion Telescopes & Binoculars ships its products to the United States and over 20 other countries. Orion puts out a semi-quarterly mail-order catalog as well as email catalogs. The company is a prominent advertiser in North American astronomy magazines, such as Sky & Telescope and Astronomy.
The Manchester Astronomical Society is an organisation that promotes amateur and popular astronomy in North West England. It is one of the oldest provincial astronomical societies in England. The Society is based in the Godlee Observatory located in the Sackville Building, University of Manchester, in Manchester city centre. Membership is open to anyone with an interest in astronomy.
The Confederation of Indian Amateur Astronomers (CIAA) is a national level organisation of amateur astronomers in India that convenes a national meeting of members every year, and coordinates the activities of amateur astronomers throughout the country. It was established in 1993 and registered in 1994, following an Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics meeting in 1991.
IC 2177 is a region of nebulosity that lies along the border between the constellations Monoceros and Canis Major. It is a roughly circular H II region centered on the Be star HD 53367. This nebula was discovered by Welsh amateur astronomer Isaac Roberts and was described by him as "pretty bright, extremely large, irregularly round, very diffuse."
The Astronomy Centre, also known as the Amateur Astronomy Centre, is an astronomical observatory located in northern England which is run by experienced amateur astronomers and is open to the public at certain times.
Norio Kaifu was a Japanese astronomer. He was best known as the president of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) from 2012 to 2015. He directed the Subaru telescope project, which housed the largest monolithic primary mirror in the world from its commission until 2005. Kaifu researched in radio astronomy, extragalactic astronomy, cosmic magnetic fields, non-stable stars, and infrared astronomy. The minor planet 6412 Kaifu is named in honor of him.
References
- 1 2 "James Muirden". Scholastic. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- 1 2 "James Muirden". Open Library. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- 1 2 "Kirkus Review of The Amateur Astronomer's Handbook". Kirkus Reviews. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- ↑ Woolfson, M. M. (1964). "Reviewed Work: Astronomy with binoculars by James Muirden". Science Progress (1933-). 52 (205): 140. JSTOR 43418923.
- 1 2 Krull, Ulrich J. (1983). "Review of Publications: Amateur Astronomer's Handbook and Observational Astronomy for Amateurs". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 77: 163–164. Bibcode:1983JRASC..77R.163K.
- ↑ Gray, M. A. (1976). "Book Review: Beginner's Guide to Astronomical Telescope Making". Monthly Notes of the Astronomical Society of South Africa. 35: 46. Bibcode:1976MNSSA..35...46G.
- ↑ Beet, E. A. (1982). "Reviews: Observational Astronomy for Amateurs". Journal of the British Astronomical Association. 92: 252–253. Bibcode:1982JBAA...92..252S.
- ↑ Chown, Marcus (November 7, 1985). "Review: A crick in the neck and a squint". New Scientist. Vol. 108 no. 1481. p. 57. ISSN 0262-4079 . Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- ↑ Ottinger III, John (July 30, 2007). "Book Review: A Rhyming History of Britain by James Muirden". Grasping for the Wind. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- ↑ "Listen Again - Today's Running Order". BBC Radio 4. October 9, 2003. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
- ↑ "Nonfiction Book Review: The Cosmic Verses: A Rhyming History of the Universe". Publishers Weekly. November 6, 2006. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
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