The examples and perspective in this article may not include all significant viewpoints .(April 2012) |
Jason Puracal (born May 31, 1977) is an American who was wrongly sentenced to serve 22 years in prison in Nicaragua on charges of drug trafficking, money laundering, and organized crime. [1] Puracal's case went before the Appeals Court on August 16, 2012, nearly one year after his original conviction. [2] On September 12, 2012, he was acquitted of all charges by the Appeals Court. [3]
Many experts came forward supporting Puracal's innocence including the California Innocence Project, [4] former DEA agent [5] Thomas Cash, [6] former Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada Irwin Cotler [7] and Freedom Now founder and human rights attorney Jared Genser. [8] Puracal's case is being managed by The David House Agency, an international crisis resource agency based in Los Angeles. [9] On September 12, 2012 he was one of 12 people whose charges were vacated, according to his legal team and a judicial order signed. As of September 14, 2012, he has left Nicaragua and returned to the U.S.
According to media reports, on November 11, 2010, police entered Puracal's home and office, taking him into custody. [10] Puracal was charged with international drug trafficking, money laundering and organized crime. [8] After being held in police custody for 8 months, on August 29, 2011, Puracal was convicted of all counts. [11]
According to taped interviews on the Today show, former DEA Agent Tom Cash believes that there was an astounding lack of evidence presented by the prosecution. After reviewing the case, he believed no financial relationship was found between Puracal and the other defendants and that the evidence of money laundering was a misunderstanding of what a real estate escrow account is. [6] This lack of evidence prompted the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention to rule that Puracal's imprisonment was, indeed, arbitrary and called for his immediate release. [12] Further political figures have come forward in support of Puracal, including Congressman Adam Smith. Smith has publicly stated "They presented no evidence of a crime here. They have simply kidnapped and held him for a period of time and that is not in compliance with international law, it's not even in compliance with Nicaraguan law." [13]
Puracal was sentenced to five years for organized crime, seven years for money laundering and ten years for international drug trafficking, totaling 22 years. [14] Since his sentencing, Puracal has been held in La Modelo maximum-security prison outside of Managua. [15] The appeals hearing for Puracal and his 10 co-defendants began On August 16, 2012. [16] On September 12, 2012, he was acquitted of all charges by the Appeals Court.
Puracal's story has received a significant amount of media attention because of claims of lack of evidence and precedent set by the conviction. [8]
Justin Brooks, director of the California Innocence Project said, "If the United States government does not vigorously fight for Jason's immediate release, other countries will realize all they have to do is call any case a 'drug' case and our government will not fight. They will know they can confiscate your property, throw you in prison and you will be powerless. We will all be at risk when we travel." [4]
United States Congressman Adam Smith said that Puracal's arrest is tantamount to kidnapping. [8] The three American hikers freed from Iran have spoken out against the American's conviction. [8]
This is the second major international trial of an American living in San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua. American Eric Volz was wrongfully convicted in the same town. After being imprisoned for 14 months, he was exonerated in December 2007. [17] The New York Times said the Volz trial made a "spectacle of the courts". [17] Volz is now the managing director of The David House Agency [18] and has been identified in the media as the case manager leading the efforts to free Puracal. [9]
On January 18, 2011, Puracal's sister, attorney Janis Puracal, along with co-council Jared Genser, filed a petition in the United Nation Working Group on Arbitrary Detention arguing that Puracal's August 29, 2011, conviction violated international law. [11]
The petition also urged the United Nations to take "urgent action" in the case, citing "physical abuse and the denial of food, water and proper medical care" inside the prison. [11]
A miscarriage of justice occurs when an unfair outcome occurs in a criminal or civil proceeding, such as the conviction and punishment of a person for a crime they did not commit. Miscarriages are also known as wrongful convictions. Innocent people have sometimes ended up in prison for years before their conviction has eventually been overturned. They may be exonerated if new evidence comes to light or it is determined that the police or prosecutor committed some kind of misconduct at the original trial. In some jurisdictions this leads to the payment of compensation.
Mandatory sentencing requires that offenders serve a predefined term of imprisonment for certain crimes, commonly serious or violent offenses. Judges are bound by law; these sentences are produced through the legislature, not the judicial system. They are instituted to expedite the sentencing process and limit the possibility of irregularity of outcomes due to judicial discretion. Mandatory sentences are typically given to people who are convicted of certain serious and/or violent crimes, and require a prison sentence. Mandatory sentencing laws vary across nations; they are more prevalent in common law jurisdictions because civil law jurisdictions usually prescribe minimum and maximum sentences for every type of crime in explicit laws.
Juan Ramón Matta-Ballesteros is a Honduran former major narcotics trafficker who has been credited with being one of the first to connect Mexican drug traffickers with the Colombian cocaine cartels. This connection paved the way for a major increase in the amount of cocaine smuggled into the United States during the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s. Matta was indicted for operating several major cocaine smuggling rings in United States in the early 1980s. He was also one of the narcotics traffickers accused of the kidnap and murder of American DEA agent Enrique Camarena in 1985.
Andrew Mark Mallard was a British-born Australian who was wrongfully convicted of murder in 1995 and sentenced to life imprisonment. Almost 12 years later, after an appeal to the High Court of Australia, his conviction was quashed and a retrial ordered. However, the charges against him were dropped and Mallard was released. At the time, the Director of Public Prosecutions stated that Mallard remained the prime suspect and that if further evidence became available he could still be prosecuted. He was released from prison in 2006 after his conviction was quashed by the High Court, and was paid $3.25 million compensation by the state government. The Western Australian Commission on Crime and Corruption investigated whether there was misconduct by any public officer associated with this case and made findings against two policemen and a senior prosecutor.
Eric Volz is an American entrepreneur, author, and the managing director of The David House Agency, an international crisis resource agency based in Los Angeles. The New York Times recognized Volz as a highly sought crisis manager. He specializes in strategy for international show trials and other complex political and legal situations abroad.
This is a list of notable overturned convictions in the United States.
Joseph M. Giarratano was an American murderer and prisoner who served in Deerfield Correctional Center in Southampton County, Virginia, and was on death row until having his sentence commuted to life imprisonment. On November 21, 2017, he was granted parole. He was convicted, based on circumstantial evidence and his own confessions, of murdering Toni Kline and raping and strangling her 15-year-old daughter Michelle on February 4, 1979, in Norfolk, Virginia. He had said that he was an addict for years and had blacked out on alcohol and drugs, waking to find the bodies. He was sentenced to death, and incarcerated on death row for 12 years at the former Virginia State Penitentiary.
Michaël Loïc Blanc is a French national who was convicted of drug trafficking in Indonesia after 3.8 kilograms of hashish was found in his diving gear when he attempted to re-enter Bali, Indonesia, in December 1999.
The Barry Bonds perjury case was a case of alleged perjury regarding use of anabolic steroids by former San Francisco Giants outfielder and all-time Major League Baseball (MLB) career home run leader, Barry Bonds, and the related investigations surrounding these accusations. On April 13, 2011, Bonds was convicted of one felony count of obstruction of justice for giving an incomplete answer to a question in grand jury testimony. A mistrial was declared on the remaining three counts of perjury, and those charges were dropped. The obstruction of justice conviction was upheld by an appellate panel in 2013, but a larger panel of the appellate court exonerated him in 2015 by a 10-1 vote.
Juan Orlando Hernández Alvarado, also known by his initials JOH, is a Honduran lawyer, politician and convicted drug trafficker who was 38th president of Honduras from January 27, 2014 to January 27, 2022 for two consecutive terms.
Yong Vui Kong is a Malaysian who was sentenced to death in Singapore for trafficking more than 15 grams of heroin in 2007. His sentence was reduced to life imprisonment and caning as a result of Singapore's amendments to the Misuse of Drugs Act.
Evelin Banev, also known by his nickname Brendo is a real estate developer, published writer, and former wrestler who has been convicted of money laundering and drug trafficking.
Jacob Ostreicher is an American businessman and investor. In June 2011, he was arrested in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, while overseeing a rice growing agricultural venture that he had invested in, and was jailed for 18 months on suspicion of money laundering, though he was never formally charged. Ostreicher maintained his innocence and stated that the allegations by the Bolivian government were "the scam of the century". His family and friends initiated a public effort to plea for his release, and actor-activist Sean Penn visited Ostreicher in Bolivia and pledged to work for his release.
The innocent prisoner's dilemma, or parole deal, is a detrimental effect of a legal system in which admission of guilt can result in reduced sentences or early parole. When an innocent person is wrongly convicted of a crime, legal systems which need the individual to admit guilt — as, for example, a prerequisite step leading to parole — punish an innocent person for their integrity, and reward a person lacking in integrity. There have been cases where innocent prisoners were given the choice between freedom, in exchange for claiming guilt, and remaining imprisoned and telling the truth. Individuals have died in prison rather than admit to crimes that they did not commit, including in the face of a plausible chance at release.
The California Western Innocence and Justice Clinic (IJC) is a non-profit based at California Western School of Law (CWSL) in San Diego, California, United States, that provides pro bono representation to individuals who are wrongfully convicted with a goal of securing their release from prison.
Sam Hallam, from Hoxton, London, is one of the youngest victims of a UK miscarriage of justice after an appeal court quashed his murder conviction in 2012.
The David House Agency is a Los Angeles-based international crisis resource agency that helps international travelers facing wrongful imprisonment and other complex legal and political situations abroad.
Carlos Landín Martínez, also known as El Puma, was a Mexican former police chief and convicted drug lord. He was a high-ranking member of the Gulf Cartel, a criminal group based in Tamaulipas, Mexico, and worked as the second-in-command of the cartel in Reynosa from 2005 to 2007. Landín Martínez was a trusted enforcer of the kingpin Gregorio Sauceda Gamboa. Among his responsibilities were managing international drug trafficking shipments from Tamaulipas to Texas, collecting taxes from independent traffickers who operated in his turf, and managing money laundering operations. Landín Martínez was also a commander in the Tamaulipas State Police, where he headed the homicide taskforce. According to a witness who testified against him in court, Landín Martínez worked for the Gulf Cartel while still employed by the state police.