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The Lower Canada Rebellion, commonly referred to as the Patriots' Rebellion in French, is the name given to the armed conflict in 1837–38 between rebels and the colonial government of Lower Canada. Together with the simultaneous rebellion in the neighbouring colony of Upper Canada, it formed the Rebellions of 1837–38.
This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events in British North America relating to what is the present day province of Quebec, Canada between the time of the Constitutional Act of 1791 and the Act of Union 1840.
Ludger Duvernay, born in Verchères, Quebec, was a printer by profession and published a number of newspapers including the Gazette des Trois-Rivières, the first newspaper in Lower Canada outside of Quebec City and Montreal, and also La Minerve, which supported the Parti patriote and Louis-Joseph Papineau in the years leading up to the Lower Canada Rebellion.
Antoine Juchereau Duchesnay was the Seigneur of Beauport, Saint-Denis, Fossambault, Gaudarville, and Saint-Roch-des-Aulnaies. He fought with the Troupes de Marine and after the British Conquest of New France joined the British Army, defending Fort Saint-Jean where he was captured and imprisoned by the Americans in 1775. He represented Buckingham County in the 1st Parliament of Lower Canada and was afterwards appointed a member of the Executive Council of Lower Canada.
The Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada was the lower house of the bicameral structure of provincial government in Lower Canada until 1838. The legislative assembly was created by the Constitutional Act of 1791. The lower house consisted of elected legislative councilors who created bills to be passed up to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada, whose members were appointed by the governor general.
Jean-Baptiste Daoust was a Quebec farmer and political figure. He represented Two Mountains (Deux-Montagnes) in the House of Commons of Canada as a Conservative member from 1867 to 1872 and from 1876 to 1891.
Jean-Moïse Raymond was a businessman, militia officer and political figure in Lower Canada, and briefly in Canada East, in the Province of Canada. He was active in a family business inherited from his father, and also served in the Lower Canada militia during the War of 1812, at the Battle of the Châteauguay. As a member of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, he was critical of British government of the province, voting in favour of the Ninety-Two Resolutions, which set out a detailed list of problems with the government. He opposed the union of Lower Canada with Upper Canada. Following the union of those two provinces into the Province of Canada, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the new province, but resigned his seat after only one year to take a government appointment. He died in 1843.
The 8th Parliament of Lower Canada was in session from January 21, 1815, to February 29, 1816. Elections to the Legislative Assembly in Lower Canada had been held in March 1814. Colonial administrator Gordon Drummond dissolved the assembly in 1816 after it attempted to reintroduce charges against judges Jonathan Sewell and James Monk who had already been cleared of the same charges by the British Privy Council. All sessions were held at Quebec City.
Jean-Olivier Chénier was a physician in Lower Canada. Born in Lachine. During the Lower Canada Rebellion, he commanded the Patriote forces in the Battle of Saint-Eustache. Trapped with his men in a church by the government troops who set flames to the building, he was shot to death while attempting to escape through a window. He died to shouts of "Remember Weir!", a reference to George Weir, a government spy executed by the Patriotes. The government forces mutilated Chénier's corpse to intimidate the remaining Patriote supporters:
Jean-Baptiste Durocher was a businessman and political figure in Lower Canada.
Jacques Labrie was a physician and political figure in Lower Canada.
Robert William de Lotbinière-Harwood was a landowner and political figure in Lower Canada and Quebec. He represented Vaudreuil in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal-Conservative member from 1872 to 1878.
Michel Prévost was a merchant and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Leinster in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1815 to 1816 and from 1820 to 1824 as a supporter of the Parti canadien.
Alexis Mousseau was a farmer and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Warwick from 1820 to 1824 and from 1827 to 1830 and Berthier from 1830 to 1838 in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada.
Paul-Timothée Masson was a lumber merchant and political figure in Quebec. He represented Vaudreuil in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1831 to 1834.
Louis Panet was a notary and political figure in Quebec. He sat for La Salle division in the Senate of Canada from 1871 to 1874. Panet also represented La Salle in the Legislative Council of Quebec from 1867 to 1884.
Joseph Masson was a Canadian businessman, who is considered the first French Canadian millionaire.
Jean-Baptiste Taché was a notary and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Cornwallis from 1820 to 1824 and Rimouski from 1834 until the suspension of the constitution in 1838 in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. Taché served as a member of the special council that governed Lower Canada from 1839 to 1841 and was a member of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada from 1841 to 1849.
Jean-Marie Poulin was a farmer and political figure in Lower Canada. He represented Northumberland in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1800 to 1809.
Joseph-Gaspard Laviolette was a seigneur, businessman and politician in the province of Quebec, Canada. He served in the Legislative Council of Quebec, the upper house of the Legislature of Quebec.
References
- "Biography". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec.