Æthelred the Unready (c. 968 – 1016) was King of the English from 978 to 1013 and from 1014 until his death. He came to the throne as a boy after the killing of his half-brother King Edward the Martyr. During his reign, raids by the Vikings escalated to large-scale invasions, and the English paid increasingly large amounts of tribute. In December 1013, King Swein Forkbeard of Denmark conquered England. Æthelred fled to Normandy, but when Swein died in February 1014 he returned and drove out Swein's son Cnut, who returned the following year. English resistance was hampered by the treachery of Æthelred's chief advisor, Eadric Streona, and by distrust between Æthelred and his eldest son, Edmund Ironside. Æthelred died in April 1016 and Edmund became king. He put up stronger resistance than his father, but died in December, and Cnut then became king. Æthelred's reign was nevertheless a period of cultural achievements, and some historians see its first half as moderately successful. ( Full article... )
June 4 : Flag Day of the Finnish Defence Forces in Finland; Trianon Treaty Day in Romania (1920)
The Beaufort Gyre is a large wind-driven ocean circulation in the western Arctic Ocean, north of Alaska and Canada. Together with the Transpolar Drift, it is one of the Arctic's two major sea-ice circulation systems. Within the gyre, free-floating sea ice is very mobile and susceptible to winds, drifting in a clockwise direction due to a high-pressure system that fosters anti-cyclonic winds. This allows Arctic sea ice to survive multiple summers and develop into long-lasting multi-year ice. This animation, produced by NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio, shows the variation in the age of ice in the Arctic at weekly intervals from 1984 to 2019, with darker colours representing younger ice and white indicating ice at least four years old. It illustrates the dramatic decline of older sea ice and its retreat toward the Canadian Arctic, a trend largely attributed to climate change. The Beaufort Gyre also stores vast quantities of freshwater whose release could influence the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and the global climate. Animation credit: NASA Recently featured: |