Jean Bosco Ndikumana | |
---|---|
Minister of Justice and Keeper of the Government Seals of Burundi | |
In office 14 November 2007 –11 August 2013 | |
President | Pierre Nkurunziza |
Personal details | |
Born | Burundi |
Political party | CNDD–FDD |
Jean Bosco Ndikumana is a Burundian politician. [1] [2] Ndikumana was the former Minister of Justice and Keeper of the Government Seals [3] in Burundi,having been appointed to the position in 2007 by the former president of Burundi,Pierre Nkurunziza. [4] The term began on 14 November 2007. [4]
Burundi originated in the 16th century as a small kingdom in the African Great Lakes region. After European contact,it was united with the Kingdom of Rwanda,becoming the colony of Ruanda-Urundi - first colonised by Germany and then by Belgium. The colony gained independence in 1962,and split once again into Rwanda and Burundi. It is one of the few countries in Africa to be a direct territorial continuation of a pre-colonial era African state.
The Hutu,also known as the Abahutu,are a Bantu ethnic group which is native to the African Great Lakes region. They mainly live in Rwanda,Burundi,and Uganda where they form one of the principal ethnic groups alongside the Tutsi and the Great Lakes Twa.
The Tutsi,also called Watusi,Watutsi or Abatutsi,are an ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region. They are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group and the second largest of three main ethnic groups in Rwanda and Burundi.
Michel Micombero was a Burundian military officer and politician who ruled the country as de facto military dictator for the decade between 1966 and 1976. He was the last Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Burundi from July to November 1966,and the first President of the country from November 1966 until his overthrow in 1976.
The Union for National Progress is a nationalist political party in Burundi. Initially it emerged as a nationalist united front in opposition to Belgian colonial rule but subsequently became an integral part of the one-party state established by Michel Micombero after 1966. Dominated by members of the Tutsi ethnic group and increasingly intolerant to their Hutu counterparts,UPRONA remained the dominant force in Burundian politics until the latter stages of the Burundian Civil War in 2003. It is currently a minor opposition party.
The Republic of Martyazo was a short-lived secessionist state proclaimed by Hutu rebels at Vyanda in Burundi's province of Makamba in the early May 1972 during the Ikiza,a period of genocidal violence affecting Burundi.
Anatole Kanyenkiko was the Prime Minister of Burundi from 7 February 1994 to 22 February 1995. An ethnic Tutsi from Ngozi Province,Kanyenkiko was a member of the Union for National Progress (UPRONA),a political party.
Parliamentary elections were held in Burundi on 10 May 1965,the first since independence in 1962. Voters elected the National Assembly,which had been reduced from 64 to 33 seats. They followed the assassination of Prime Minister Pierre Ngendandumwe on 15 January 1965,and were won by the ruling Union for National Progress.
RenéLemarchand is a French-American political scientist who is known for his research on ethnic conflict and genocide in Rwanda,Burundi and Darfur. Publishing in both English and French,he is particularly known for his work on the concept of clientelism. He is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Florida,and continues to write,teach internationally and consult. Since retiring he has worked for USAID out of Abidjan,Côte d'Ivoire as a Regional Consultant for West Africa in Governance and Democracy,and as Democracy and Governance advisor to USAID / Ghana.
AndréMuhirwa was a Burundian politician who served as prime minister of Burundi from 1961 to 1963. He became prime minister following the assassination of his predecessor,Louis Rwagasore. A member of the Union for National Progress (UPRONA),he previously served as Minister of the Interior from September to October 1961.
An attempted coup d'etat in Burundi took place between 18–19 October 1965,when a group of ethnic Hutu officers from the Burundian military and gendarmerie attempted to overthrow Burundi's government. The rebels were frustrated with the king (mwami) of Burundi,Mwambutsa IV,who had repeatedly attempted to cement his control over the government and bypassed parliamentary norms despite Hutu electoral gains. Although the prime minister was shot and wounded,the coup failed due to the intervention of a contingent of troops led by Captain Michel Micombero.
On 8 July 1966,a coup d'état took place in the Kingdom of Burundi. The second in Burundi's post-independence history,the coup ousted the government loyal to the king (mwami) of Burundi,Mwambutsa IV,who had gone into exile in October 1965 after the failure of an earlier coup d'état.
Jean-Paul Harroy was a Belgian colonial civil servant who served as the last Governor and only Resident-General of Ruanda-Urundi. His term coincided with the Rwandan Revolution and the assassination of the popular Burundian political leader Prince Louis Rwagasore. It has been alleged that Harroy may have been implicated in the murder.
Roberto Régnier was a Belgian Colonial official in Ruanda-Urundi. He served as Regent from 28 July 1961 to January 1962 and as High Representative of Burundi for no more than six months starting in January 1962.
The Ministry of Justice of Burundi performs tasks such as the following:
The Ikiza,or the Ubwicanyi (Killings),was a series of mass killings—often characterised as a genocide—which were committed in Burundi in 1972 by the Tutsi-dominated army and government,primarily against educated and elite Hutus who lived in the country. Conservative estimates place the death toll of the event between 100,000 and 150,000 killed,while some estimates of the death toll go as high as 300,000.
On 21 October 1993,a coup was attempted in Burundi by a Tutsi–dominated army faction. The coup attempt resulted in assassination of Hutu President Melchior Ndadaye and the deaths of other officials in the constitutional line of presidential succession. François Ngeze was presented as the new President of Burundi by the army,but the coup failed under domestic and international pressure,leaving Prime Minister Sylvie Kinigi in charge of the government.
Urunani BBC is a Burundian basketball club based in Bujumbura. Nicknamed "Sisi Wenyewe",the team plays in the Viva Basketball League (VBL).
Thaddée Siryuyumunsi was a Burundian politician who served as President of the National Assembly from 1961 to 1965.