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Johann Friedrich Alexander of Wied | |
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Born | November 18, 1706 |
Died | August 7, 1791 84) | (aged
Nationality | German |
Spouse(s) | Karoline von Kirchberg, Gräfin von Sayn-Hachenburg (1720–1795) |
Johann Friedrich Alexander of Weid (November 18, 1706 - August 7, 1791) was a German ruler. He was the son of Friedrich Wilhelm of Wied and Luise Charlotte Dohna-Schlobitten. He was Count of Wied-Neuwied from September 17, 1737 to May 29, 1784, when he was elevated to Prince and continued to rule in that capacity until his death on August 8, 1791. He was married to Karoline von Kirchburg. They had three children Frederich Karl of Wied, who succeeded him as Prince, Alexander August of Wied and Sophie Karoline of Wied.
In 1737, after his studies in Strasbourg and Königsberg, he was instrumental in the negotiation of the Vienna peace, which ended the War of the Polish Succession. When the title of prince was offered to him in 1738, however, he declined for financial reasons. In 1739 he married Caroline of Kirchberg (1720-1795), Countess of Sayn-Hachenburg.
During his reign he sought to advance, socially and economically, the small territory of Wied-Neuwied. In the effort to win new citizens for the city of Neuwied, he permitted the establishment of numerous factories and workshops. He also organised a lottery, which allowed players to win houses in today's city dike. His governance was characterised by openness and religious tolerance. In 1750 he also permitted the establishment of the Moravian Church. He promoted the construction of a Mennonite church and a synagogue in Neuwied and wholly implemented the grandfather Frederick III's tolerant religious policy. For this reason, historian Max Braubach has described him as "one of the best representatives of enlightened absolutism in the realm."
As Chairman of the Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Count College, Johann Friedrich Alexander was able to play a role in national politics. His success in mediating the dispute between the Protestant and Catholic Imperial Count led to his elevation to the rank of prince.
Neuwied is a town in the north of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, capital of the District of Neuwied. Neuwied lies on the east bank of the Rhine, 12 km northwest of Koblenz, on the railway from Frankfurt am Main to Cologne. The town has 13 suburban administrative districts: Heimbach-Weis, Gladbach, Engers, Oberbieber, Niederbieber, Torney, Segendorf, Altwied, Block, Irlich, Feldkirchen, Heddesdorf and Rodenbach. The largest is Heimbach-Weis, with approximately 8000 inhabitants.
Friedrich Leopold Graf zu Stolberg-Stolberg, was a German lawyer, and translator born at Bramstedt in Holstein. He was also a poet of the Sturm und Drang and early Romantic periods.
Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied was a German explorer, ethnologist and naturalist. He led a pioneering expedition to southeast Brazil between 1815–1817, from which the album Reise nach Brasilien, which first revealed to Europe real images of Brazilian Indians, was the ultimate result. It was translated into several languages and recognized as one of the greatest contributions to the knowledge of Brazil at the beginning of the nineteenth century. In 1832 he embarked on another expedition, this time to United States, together with the Swiss painter Karl Bodmer.
Wied-Neuwied was a German statelet in northeastern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, located northeast of the Rhine River flanking the northern side of the city of Neuwied. Wied-Neuwied emerged from the partitioning of Wied. Its status was elevated from county to principality in 1784. It was mediatised to Nassau and Prussia in 1806.
Wied-Runkel was a small German sovereign state. Wied-Runkel was located around the town and castle of Runkel, located on the Lahn River. It extended from the town of Runkel to further north of Schupbach, but also held an exclave east of Villmar.
The House of Leiningen is the name of an old German noble family whose lands lay principally in Alsace, Lorraine, Saarland, Rhineland, and the Palatinate. Various branches of this family developed over the centuries and ruled counties with Imperial immediacy.
Runkel is a town on the river Lahn in Limburg-Weilburg district in Hesse, Germany.
Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg, till 1753 Count of Nassau-Weilburg, was the first ruler of the Principality of Nassau-Weilburg between 1753 and 1788.
The Hauke-Bosak family was originally a German middle class family of German origin which, after having settled in Poland at the end of the 18th century, achieved great importance and titles of nobility in Congress Poland.
The House of Plettenberg is the name of the Westphalian noble family of the Uradel. It dates back at least to 1187, when Heidolphus de Plettenbrath was mentioned in a document by Philip I. Plettenberg-Wittem branch that ruled immediate Lodships of Meitingen and Sulmingen lost its sovereignty and became mediatised to Württemberg in 1806. This line of the family went extinct in 1813.
Franz Graf zu Erbach-Erbach was a German nobleman and art collector.
The County of Leiningen consists on a group of counties, which were ruled by the Leiningen family.
Count Christian Frederick of Stolberg-Wernigerode was the only son of Count Henry Ernest of Stolberg-Wernigerode, whom he succeeded as ruler of the County of Wernigerode in 1778.
Frederick Adolphus of Lippe-Detmold was a German nobleman and the Count of Lippe-Detmold from 1697 to 1718.
Maximilian Henry, Count of Wied-Runkel was a German nobleman. He was the ruling Count of Wied-Runkel from 1692 until his death.
Runkel Castle, a ruined hill castle from the High Middle Ages, is located in the city of Runkel in the Landkreis of Limburg-Weilburg in the state of Hesse.