John Bonham (mercer)

Last updated

Sir John Bonham (fl. 13th/14th century) was a mercer of the City of London, revered as one of the Nine Worthies of London by Richard Johnson in his 1592 biography of eminent citizens. [1] [2]

According to Johnson's account, Bonham was an apprentice mercer of London, of Devonshire parents. He was entrusted with a valuable cargo bound for Denmark and found favour at the Danish court (then ruled by the House of Oldenburg). While there he was made commander of an army raised to stop the progress of "the great Solyman" during the reign of Edward I of England. He made peace with the Turkish leader, who knighted him and gave him chains of gold. [3] It is not clear which war he took part in, or even if Bonham was a real historical person. [4] [5] He has been linked with a Sir John Bonham of Wishford (fl 1336–37). [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Falstaff</span> Character in three of Shakespeares plays

Sir John Falstaff is a fictional character who appears in three plays by William Shakespeare and is eulogised in a fourth. His significance as a fully developed character is primarily formed in the plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Part 2, where he is a companion to Prince Hal, the future King Henry V of England. Falstaff is also featured as the buffoonish suitor of two married women in The Merry Wives of Windsor. Though primarily a comic figure, Falstaff embodies a depth common to Shakespeare's major characters. A fat, vain, and boastful knight, he spends most of his time drinking at the Boar's Head Inn with petty criminals, living on stolen or borrowed money. Falstaff leads the apparently wayward Prince Hal into trouble, and is ultimately repudiated after Hal becomes king.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Shakespeare</span> English playwright and poet (1564–1616)

William Shakespeare was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare remains arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his works continue to be studied and reinterpreted.

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1596.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nine Worthies</span> Medieval personification of chivalry

The Nine Worthies are nine historical, scriptural, and legendary men of distinction who personify the ideals of chivalry established in the Middle Ages, whose lives were deemed a valuable study for aspirants to chivalric status. All were commonly referred to as 'Princes', regardless of their historical titles. In French they are called Les Neuf Preux or "Nine Valiants", giving a more specific idea of the moral virtues they exemplified: those of soldierly courage and generalship. In Italy they are known as i Nove Prodi.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham</span> British soldier and politician

Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham was a British soldier and Whig politician. After serving as a junior officer under William III during the Williamite War in Ireland and during the Nine Years' War, he fought under John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, during the War of the Spanish Succession. During the War of the Quadruple Alliance Temple led a force of 4,000 troops on a raid on the Spanish coastline which captured Vigo and occupied it for ten days before withdrawing. In Parliament he generally supported the Whigs but fell out with Sir Robert Walpole in 1733. He was known for his ownership of and modifications to the estate at Stowe and for serving as a political mentor to the young William Pitt.

<i>Sir John Oldcastle</i> 17th-century play sometimes attributed to William Shakespeare

Sir John Oldcastle is an Elizabethan play about John Oldcastle, a controversial 14th-/15th-century rebel and Lollard who was seen by some of Shakespeare's contemporaries as a proto-Protestant martyr.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elaine (legend)</span>

Elaine is a name shared by several female characters in Arthurian legend, where they can also appear under different names depending on the source. They include Elaine of Astolat and Elaine of Corbenic among others.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guy of Warwick</span> Legendary English hero

Guy of Warwick, or Gui de Warewic, is a legendary English hero of Romance popular in England and France from the 13th to 17th centuries. The story of Sir Guy is considered by scholars to be part of the Matter of England.

<i>The Gentlemans Magazine</i> London periodical

The Gentleman's Magazine was a monthly magazine founded in London, England, by Edward Cave in January 1731. It ran uninterrupted for almost 200 years, until 1922. It was the first to use the term magazine for a periodical. Samuel Johnson's first regular employment as a writer was with The Gentleman's Magazine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">E. Cobham Brewer</span> English reference-book author (1810–1897)

Ebenezer Cobham Brewer, was a British lexicographer and the author of A Guide to the Scientific Knowledge of Things Familiar, Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, and The Reader's Handbook, among other reference books.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Gresham</span> Lord Mayor of London in 1547

Sir John Gresham was an English merchant, courtier and financier who worked for King Henry VIII of England, Cardinal Wolsey and Thomas Cromwell. He was Lord Mayor of London and founded Gresham's School. He was the brother of Sir Richard Gresham.

<i>Nine Worthies of London</i> 1592 book by Richard Johnson

Nine Worthies of London is a book by Richard Johnson, the English romance writer, written in 1592. Borrowing the theme from the Nine Worthies of Antiquity, the book, subtitled Explaining the Honourable Excise of Armes, the Vertues of the Valiant, and the Memorable Attempts of Magnanimous Minds; Pleasaunt for Gentlemen, not unseemly for Magistrates, and most profitable for Prentises, celebrated the rise of nine famous Londoners through society from the ranks of apprentices or ordinary citizens.

Sir Clymon and Sir Clamydes is an early Elizabethan stage play, first published in 1599 but written perhaps three decades earlier. It is often regarded as a characteristic example—perhaps the best surviving example—of the type of drama that was extremely popular in the early Elizabethan period. The work "best represents the characteristics of pre-Greenian dramatic romance."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stone Buildings</span>

Stone Buildings, Lincoln's Inn were constructed from 1774 to 1780. The architect was Sir Robert Taylor. Stone Buildings is a Grade I listed building. Stone Buildings appear in Anthony Trollope's novel The Prime Minister.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Curse of Scotland</span> Nickname for Nine of Diamonds playing card

The Curse of Scotland is a nickname used for the nine of diamonds playing card. The expression has been used at least since the early 18th century, and many putative explanations have been given for the origin of this nickname for the card.

Sebile, alternatively written as Sedile, Sebille, Sibilla, Sibyl, Sybilla, and other similar names, is a mythical medieval queen or princess who is frequently portrayed as a fairy or an enchantress in the Arthurian legend and Italian folklore. She appears in a variety of roles, from the most faithful and noble lady to a wicked seductress, often in relation with or substituting for the character of Morgan le Fay. Some tales feature her as a wife of either King Charlemagne or Prince Lancelot, and even as an ancestor of King Arthur.

The nine sorceresses or nine sisters are a recurring element in Arthurian legend in variants of the popular nine maidens theme from world mythologies. Their most important appearances are in Geoffrey of Monmouth's introduction of Avalon and the character that would later become Morgan le Fay, and as the central motif of Peredur's story in the Peredur son of Efrawg part of the Mabinogion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samuel Nixon (artist)</span> English sculptor

Samuel Nixon was a portrait sculptor in London, England.

Sir Christopher Croker was a vintner of the City of London, revered as one of the Nine Worthies of London by Richard Johnson in his 1592 biography of eminent citizens.

Sir Hugh Calverley was a silk weaver of the City of London, revered as one of the Nine Worthies of London by Richard Johnson in his 1592 biography of eminent citizens.

References

  1. Hibbert, Christopher; Weinreb, Ben; Keay, John; Keay, Julia (9 September 2011). The London Encyclopaedia (3rd ed.). Pan Macmillan. ISBN   9780230738782 via Google Books.
  2. Chambers, Robert (9 October 1883). "The Book of Days: A Miscellany of Popular Antiquities in Connection with the Calendar, Including Anecdote, Biography, & History, Curiosities of Literature, & Oddities of Human Life and Character". W. & R. Chambers via Google Books.
  3. Brewer, Ebenezer Cobham (9 March 2004). Character Sketches of Romance, Fiction and the Drama. The Minerva Group, Inc. ISBN   9781410213365 via Google Books.
  4. Hausermann, Christophe (1 April 2013). ""Hys worthy deedes might be eternized in the Bookes of memorie": Syncretic Memory in Richard Johnson's Chivalric Romances and Shakespeare's 2 Henry VI". Actes des congrès de la Société française Shakespeare (30): 73–86. doi: 10.4000/shakespeare.1923 via journals.openedition.org.
  5. "Brewer, E. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Worthies (The Nine)". www.bartleby.com.
  6. Kidston, George Jardine (9 October 1949). "Bonhams of Wiltshire and Essex". Devizes [Eng.] C.H. Woodward [1949] via Internet Archive.