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Skippers are a family of the Lepidoptera named the Hesperiidae. Being diurnal, they are generally called butterflies. They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea; however, the most recent taxonomy places the family in the superfamily Papilionoidea, the butterflies. They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly have an absence of wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Pyrginae, commonly known as spread-winged skippers, are a subfamily of the skipper butterfly family (Hesperiidae). The subfamily was established by Hermann Burmeister in 1878. Their delimitation and internal systematics has changed considerably in recent years, but as of 2009 the uncertainties surrounding the evolutionary relationships of many genera in this subfamily are widely resolved.
Gomalia is a monotypic genus of hesperiid butterfly. Gomalia elma, the marbled skipper or African marbled skipper, is found in Africa and parts of Asia.
Astraptes is the genus of flasher butterflies. They belong to the skipper butterfly subfamily Eudaminae, which was long included with the spread-winged skippers (Pyrginae) as a tribe. They are found in the Nearctic and Neotropical ecozones.
Celaenorrhinus is a genus of skipper butterflies which are commonly termed sprites. An alternate name is flats, for their habit of holding their wings flat when resting, but this is also used for related genera. They belong to the spread-winged skipper subfamily (Pyrginae), and therein are the type genus of tribe Celaenorrhini.
Firetips or firetail skippers are the tribe Pyrrhopygini of the skipper butterflies. The roughly 150 species are found only in the Neotropics, with the exception of one species which just reaches into the United States. Their common names refer to the red tuft at the end of the abdomen of many Pyrrhopygini.
Centrosema, the butterfly peas, is a genus of American vines in the legume family (Fabaceae). Species include:
Hampea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae. They are trees native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. There are about 21 species.
Licania is a genus of over 200 species of trees and shrubs in the family Chrysobalanaceae. Species are found naturally occurring in Neotropical forests from southern Mexico to Brazil and the Lesser Antilles. Due to increased deforestation and loss of habitat, several species have declined, some markedly so, and L. caldasiana from Colombia appears to have gone extinct in recent years. Many species are either rare or restricted in distribution and therefore potentially threatened with future extinction.
The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies. Their original type genus Eudamus is today a junior synonym of Urbanus. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North America and the puzzling Lobocla occurring in East Asia.
Aurina is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae. It contains only one species, Aurina dina, which is found in Ivory Coast.
Heliopetes is a Neotropical genus of spread-winged skipper butterflies in the family Hesperiidae.
Katreus is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae. It consists of only one species, Katreus johnstonii, the giant scarce sprite, which is found in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon and the Republic of the Congo. The habitat consists of primary, undisturbed forests.
Nascus is a Neotropical butterfly genus in the family Hesperiidae.
Telemiades is a Neotropical butterfly genus in the family Hesperiidae.
Venada is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae.
Olafia is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae. It contains only one species, Olafia roscius, which is found in Brazil and Argentina.
Gesta invisus, the false duskywing, is a species of spread-wing skipper in the family Hesperiidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler and Herbert Druce in 1872 and is found in Central and North America.
Chioides zilpa, the zilpa longtail, is a species of dicot skipper in the butterfly family Hesperiidae. It is found in Central America, North America, and South America.
Winifred Hallwachs is an American tropical ecologist who helped to establish and expand northwestern Costa Rica's Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG). The work of Hallwachs and her husband Daniel Janzen at ACG is considered an exemplar of inclusive conservation.
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