John Gage (15th-century landowner)

Last updated

John Gage
Died1475
OccupationLandowner
Spouse Eleanor St Clere
Children William Gage
John Gage

Sir John Gage was a major landowner and grandfather of the Tudor courtier Sir John Gage KG.

Contents

Background

He was a son of John Gage and his wife Joan, heiress of John Sudgrove of Sudgrove, Gloucestershire. The marriage of his parents appears in a pedigree that was compiled in 1627 from family deeds by Richard Hoskins of the Inner Temple. In 1416-17, John Sudgrove settled his lands at Miserden and Sudgrove on John and Joan Gage and Alice, his other daughter, with her husband John Bovey. Joan survived her husband and, on 10 August 1438, she and her son John conveyed their lands in Cirencester, Nether Siddington, Miserden and Brimsfield to trustees. That transaction may have taken place in connection with the marriage of John the son. [1]

Marriage and family

John married Eleanor, a daughter of Thomas St Clere and his wife, Margaret Hoo. As Sir Thomas had no son, his three daughters were co-heirs to the extensive properties that he held at the time of his death in 1435. [2]

Sir John and Eleanor were the parents of:

In December 1445, the properties formerly held by Thomas St Clere were released from the King's hands into which they had been taken, despite Sir Thomas' attempts to deprive the King of his rights over the property and control of the marriages of its heiresses. By that stage, all three of Sir Thomas' daughters were married. [3]

A deed dated 8 July 1446 set out the agreed partition of Sir Thomas' lands between his three daughters and their husbands. [4] The agreement involved John and Eleanor Gage receiving the following share:

Career

John Gage was appointed Escheator of Northamptonshire and Rutland in 1446 [8] and described as "late escheator" of Rutland in 1448. [9] In November 1454, "John Gauge" was one of six men appointed to enquire into various details of the manor of Geddington. [10] In July 1461, he was granted the post of Receiver of the Duchy of Lancaster lands in Northamptonshire, Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire "during good behaviour". [11]

Evidence of how Hedgecourt Manor was managed by Sir John and his family has been extensively analysed by the Felbridge & District History Group. [12]

Death and legacy

Inquisitions post mortem that were held after Sir John's death, which took place on 3 September 1475, established the contemporary extent of his landholdings. [13] On 28 November 1475, orders were issued to the escheators for Buckinghamshire, Surrey and Sussex stating that William Gage was the son and heir of Eleanor (late the wife of John Gage and one of the daughters and heirs of Thomas St Clere) and that William was now to have full seisin of those lands. The orders confirmed that Sir John had survived his wife and after her death held her lands for his own lifetime by courtesy of England. [14]

Various accounts, in Burke's Peerage [15] and elsewhere, report the year of Sir John's death as 1486. They appear to be based on a reference in the Visitation of Gloucestershire 1623 to a statement taken from "Howard 17, Herald's College" to the effect that his inquisition post mortem was held on 30 September 26 Edward IV (i.e. 1486). [16] However, 1486 cannot be the correct year because the records of his inquisitions post mortem are dated 1475. Moreover, "26 Edward IV" is not a valid Regnal year, as Edward IV died on 9 April 1483.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bartholomew Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere</span> Member of the Parliament of England


Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere was an English soldier, diplomat, member of parliament, landowner and nobleman. He was the son and heir of Sir Gunselm de Badlesmere and Joan FitzBernard. He fought in the English army both in France and Scotland during the later years of the reign of Edward I of England and the earlier part of the reign of Edward II of England. He was executed after participating in an unsuccessful rebellion led by Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John Knyvet</span> English judge

Sir John Knyvet was an English lawyer and administrator. He was Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 1365 to 1372, and Lord Chancellor of England from 1372 to 1377.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings</span> English courtier (d. 1455)

Thomas Hoo, was an English landowner, courtier, soldier, administrator and diplomat who was created a Knight of the Garter in 1446 and Baron Hoo and Hastings in 1448 but left no son to inherit his title.

Sir William Boleyn, KB of Blickling Hall in Norfolk and Hever Castle in Kent, was a wealthy and powerful landowner who served as Sheriff of Kent in 1489 and as Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk in 1500. He was the father of Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, whose daughter was Queen Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII.

Sir William Hawte was a prominent member of a Kentish gentry family of long standing in royal service, which, through its near connections to the Woodville family, became closely and dangerously embroiled in the last phases of the Wars of the Roses.

Sir Nicholas Haute, of Wadden Hall (Wadenhall) in Petham and Waltham, with manors extending into Lower Hardres, Elmsted and Bishopsbourne, in the county of Kent, was an English knight, landowner and politician.

An Inquisition post mortem is an English medieval or early modern record of the death, estate and heir of one of the king's tenants-in-chief, made for royal fiscal purposes. The process of making such inquisition was effected by the royal escheators in each county where the deceased held land. The earliest inq.p.m. was made in 1236, in the reign of King Henry III (1216–1272), and the practice ceased c. 1640, at the start of the English Civil War, and was finally abolished by the Tenures Abolition Act 1660, which ended the feudal system.

William Gage was a major landowner and the father of the Tudor courtier Sir John Gage KG.

John Darras (c.1355–1408) was an English soldier, politician and landowner, who fought in the Hundred Years' War and against the Glyndŵr Rising. A client of the FitzAlan Earls of Arundel, he served them in war and peace, helping consolidate their domination of his native county of Shropshire. He represented Shropshire twice in the House of Commons of England. He died by his own hand.

Eleanor St Clere was the heiress of a substantial number of manors and grandmother of the Tudor courtier Sir John Gage KG.

Sir Philip St Clere was a son of Sir Philip St Clere of Ightham, Kent and Little Preston, Northamptonshire & his wife Joan de Audley. He served as High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex and was a major landowner whose estates included land in eight English counties.

Margaret de Vere was an English noblewoman, a daughter of John de Vere, 7th Earl of Oxford and his wife Maud de Badlesmere.

Sir Nicholas de Loveyne was a major English property owner and courtier, who held a number of senior positions in the service of King Edward III.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">John de Pulteney</span>

Sir John de Pulteney was a major English entrepreneur and property owner, who served four times as Mayor of London.

Hugh Boyville was a landowner who held a number of public offices and served as a Member of Parliament for Rutland in 1439-40 and 1447.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William la Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche</span> 13th and 14th-century English nobleman

William la Zouche, 1st Baron Zouche (1276/86–1352), lord of the manor of Harringworth in Northamptonshire, was an English baron and soldier who fought in the Wars of Scottish Independence. He is referred to in history as "of Harringworth" to distinguish him from his first cousin Alan la Zouche, 1st Baron la Zouche (1267–1314) of Ashby de la Zouch in Leicestershire.

Sir John Cornwall (c.1366–1414) was an English soldier, politician and landowner, who fought in the Hundred Years' War and against the Glyndŵr Rising. He had considerable prestige, claiming royal descent. As he was part of the Lancastrian affinity, the retainers of John of Gaunt, he received considerable royal favour under Henry IV. He represented Shropshire twice in the House of Commons of England. However, he regularly attracted accusations of violence, intimidation and legal chicanery. Towards the end of his life he fell into disfavour and he died while awaiting trial in connection with a murder.

Nicholas Gainsford, also written Gaynesford or Gaynesforde, of Carshalton, Surrey, of an armigerous gentry family established at Crowhurst, was a Justice of the Peace, several times Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, Constable and Keeper of Odiham Castle and Park, Hampshire, who served in the royal households from around 1461 until his death in 1498. Rising to high office during the reign of Henry VI, he was an Usher to the Chamber of Edward IV and, by 1476, to his queen Elizabeth Woodville. Closely within the sphere of Woodville patronage, he was a favourer of Edward V, and was a leader in the Kentish rising of 1483 against Richard III. He was attainted in 1483, but was soon afterwards pardoned, and fully regained his position and estate as Esquire to Henry VII and Elizabeth of York after the Battle of Bosworth Field. He established the Carshalton branch of the Gainsford family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Felton (KG)</span> English soldier and administrator

Sir Thomas de Felton was an English landowner, military knight, envoy and administrator. He fought at the Battle of Crécy in 1346, and the Capture of Calais in 1347. He was also at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356. A recurrent figure in the Chronicles of Jean Froissart, he was a signatory to the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360. In 1362 he was appointed Seneschal of Aquitaine. He accompanied Edward the Black Prince on his Spanish campaign. He was taken prisoner by Henry of Trastámara's forces in 1367. In 1372 he was appointed joint-governor of Aquitaine and seneschal of Bordeaux. He caused Guillaume de Pommiers and his secretary to be beheaded for treason in 1377. He was invested a Knight of the Garter in 1381.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walter de la Haye</span> English official in Ireland

Sir Walter de la Haye, or de Haye was an English-born statesman and judge in Ireland of the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries, who served for many years as Sheriff of County Waterford and as Chief Escheator of Ireland, and briefly as Justiciar of Ireland.

References

  1. ↑ Gage, John (1822). The History and Antiquities of Hengrave, in Suffolk. London. pp. 225–226.
  2. ↑ Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, Vol. 8, Nos. 114–117.
  3. ↑ Calendar of Patent Rolls, Reign of Henry VI, Vol. 4, page 443.
  4. ↑ Gage, John (1822). The History and Antiquities of Hengrave, in Suffolk. London. p. 228.
  5. ↑ Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, 2nd series, Vol. 2, No. 210
  6. ↑ 'Parishes: Kingsdown', The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 2 (1797), pp. 475–493. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=62829 Date. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
  7. ↑ 'The parishes of Aylesbury hundred: Aston Clinton', A History of the County of Buckingham: Volume 2 (1908), pp. 312–319. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=62779 Date. Retrieved 1 February 2014.
  8. ↑ Calendar of Fine Rolls, Vol. 18, page 55.
  9. ↑ Calendar of Close Rolls, Reign of Henry VI, Vol. 5, page 5.
  10. ↑ Calendar of Patent Rolls, Reign of Henry VI, Vol. 6, page
  11. ↑ Somerville, Robert (1953). History of the Duchy of Lancaster. Vol. 1. London. p. 588.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. ↑ The Early History of Hedgecourt Manor and Farm
  13. ↑ The National Archives: C140/52/26.
  14. ↑ Calendar of Fine Rolls, Vol. 21, No. 322
  15. ↑ Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, Clan Chiefs Scottish Feudal Barons. Vol. 2. London. 2003. p. 1500.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  16. ↑ The Visitation of the County of Gloucester taken in the Year 1623, by Henry Chitty and John Phillipot. London. 1885. p. 246.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.