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Josef Cesar |
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Josef Cesar (1814, Vienna - 29 June 1876, Vienna) was an Austrian sculptor and medallist. [1]
| This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(September 2020) |
Josef Cesar |
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Josef Cesar (1814, Vienna - 29 June 1876, Vienna) was an Austrian sculptor and medallist. [1]
His parents originally meant for him to become a clergyman but, in 1829, at the age of fifteen, he obtained an apprenticeship with the engraving and artistic ironworking company, Wielthalm. Three years later, he began studying sculpture with Luwig Schaller and Joseph Käßmann (1784–1856) at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna. Then, under the tutelage of Luigi Pichler, studied the making of coinage and hardstone carving. In 1836, he was awarded the Kaiserpreis , which included a grant to study in Rome. He was there until 1842.
In 1845, he was able to visit the mints of Germany, France and England, at state expense. Three years later, he was named a member of the Academy in Vienna. Not long after, he started becoming discouraged by the amount of bureaucracy involved in the making of coins and medals, so he switched to producing large sculptures. From 1856, he taught modeling at two secondary schools. One of his best known students was the sculptor, Rudolf Weyr.
Some of his most notable works include a bronze statue of St. Helena, for display in Jerusalem (1854), sandstone statues of Christopher Columbus and Adam Smith for the façade of the Vienna Business School (1862), and a marble statue of Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach on the Elisabethbrücke (1867). He also created fifteen portrait medallions of famous actors, in cement, for the box parapets at the Vienna State Opera.
Sir Joseph Edgar Boehm, 1st Baronet, was an Austrian-born British medallist and sculptor, best known for the "Jubilee head" of Queen Victoria on coinage, and the statue of the Duke of Wellington at Hyde Park Corner. During his career Boehm maintained a large studio in London and produced a significant volume of public works and private commissions. A speciality of Boehm's was the portrait bust; there are many examples of these in the National Portrait Gallery. He was often commissioned by the Royal Family and members of the aristocracy to make sculptures for their parks and gardens. His works were many, and he exhibited 123 of them at the Royal Academy from 1862 to his death in 1890.
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Baroque sculpture is the sculpture associated with the Baroque style of the period between the early 17th and mid 18th centuries. In Baroque sculpture, groups of figures assumed new importance, and there was a dynamic movement and energy of human forms—they spiralled around an empty central vortex, or reached outwards into the surrounding space. Baroque sculpture often had multiple ideal viewing angles, and reflected a general continuation of the Renaissance move away from the relief to sculpture created in the round, and designed to be placed in the middle of a large space—elaborate fountains such as Gian Lorenzo Bernini‘s Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi, or those in the Gardens of Versailles were a Baroque speciality. The Baroque style was perfectly suited to sculpture, with Bernini the dominating figure of the age in works such as The Ecstasy of St Theresa (1647–1652). Much Baroque sculpture added extra-sculptural elements, for example, concealed lighting, or water fountains, or fused sculpture and architecture to create a transformative experience for the viewer. Artists saw themselves as in the classical tradition, but admired Hellenistic and later Roman sculpture, rather than that of the more "Classical" periods as they are seen today.
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Media related to Josef Cesar at Wikimedia Commons
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