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Eswatini, officially the Kingdom of Eswatini and also known by its former official name Swaziland and formerly the Kingdom of Swaziland, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is bordered by Mozambique to its northeast and South Africa to its north, west, south, and southeast. At no more than 200 km (120 mi) north to south and 130 km (81 mi) east to west, Eswatini is one of the smallest countries in Africa; despite this, its climate and topography are diverse, ranging from a cool and mountainous highveld to a hot and dry lowveld.
Eswatini, is a country in Southern Africa lying between Mozambique and South Africa. The country is located at the geographic coordinates 26°30′S31°30′E. Eswatini has an area of 17,363 square kilometres, of which 160 are water. The major regions of the country are Lowveld, Midveld and Highveld.
The economy of Eswatini is fairly diversified. Agriculture, forestry and mining account for about 13 percent of Eswatini's GDP whereas manufacturing represent 37 percent of GDP. Services – with government services in the lead – constitute the other 50 percent of GDP.
Mbabane is a city in Eswatini, and is one of the two capitals, serving as the executive capital.
Hhohho is a region of Eswatini, located in the north western part of the country. Hhohho was named after the capital of King Mswati II, who expanded the Swazi territory to the north and west, taking in the districts of Barberton, Nelspruit, Carolina and Piet Retief. These areas were later acquired by what was the Province of Transvaal and today they form part of the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa. It has an area of 3,625.17 km², a population of 320,651 (2017), and is divided into 14 tinkhundla. The administrative center is the national capital of Mbabane. It borders Lubombo Region on the southeast and Manzini Region in the southwest.
The Maputo River, also called Great Usutu River, Lusutfu River, or Suthu River, is a river in South Africa, Eswatini, and Mozambique. The name Suthu refers to Basotho people who lived near the source of the river, but were attacked and displaced by Swazis. It is also said to mean 'dark brown', a description of the river's muddy water.
South African Standard Time (SAST) is the time zone used by all of South Africa as well as Eswatini and Lesotho. The zone is two hours ahead of UTC (UTC+02:00) and is the same as Central Africa Time. Daylight saving time is not observed in either time zone. Solar noon in this time zone occurs at 30° E in SAST, effectively making Pietermaritzburg at the correct solar noon point, with Johannesburg and Pretoria slightly west at 28° E and Durban slightly east at 31° E. Thus, most of South Africa's population experience true solar noon at approximately 12:00 daily.
Eswatini Railways (ESR), formerly known as Swaziland Railway or Swazi Rail, is the national railway corporation of Eswatini.
Golela is a border town straddling both Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, South Africa and Eswatini, east of Pongola and south of Lavumisa. The Golela border post was recently rebuilt to meet the increasing movement of people and goods between South Africa and Eswatini.
Eswatini–South Africa relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Eswatini and South Africa. South Africa surrounds Eswatini on the north, west and south. The two states share strong historical and cultural ties. Mutual High Commissions were established in Pretoria and Mbabane at the end of the apartheid era in 1994. Eswatini's High Commission in Pretoria is also cross-accredited to Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Tourism in Eswatini developed during the apartheid era in South Africa and this shaped many of its distinctive attractions. Since the end of apartheid, Eswatini has emphasized its traditional culture as a tourist attraction. Most of the tourists who visit Eswatini arrive by road from South Africa.
Jeppes Reef, is a small rural village on the R570 road in Ehlanzeni District Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa, 25 kilometres (16 mi) south-southeast of Kaapmuiden, and just over 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the border with Eswatini. It is just south of Schoemansdal.
The border between Mozambique and South Africa is divided into two segments, separated by the kingdom of Eswatini. The northern segment, which is 410 kilometres (255 mi) long, runs north–south along the Lebombo Mountains from Zimbabwe to Eswatini. The southern segment, which is 81 kilometres (50 mi) long, runs east–west across Maputaland from Eswatini to the Indian Ocean.
The border between Eswatini and South Africa is 430 kilometres (267 mi) long; South Africa surrounds Eswatini to the north, west, south and southeast, with Mozambique bordering it on the northeast.
Oshoek in Mpumalanga is the main border post between South Africa and Eswatini The N17 national road starts here. The area on the /Eswatini side of the border is known as Ngwenya, and the road leads directly to Mbabane, the Swazi capital city. The border is open between 07:00 and 00:00 local time daily.
Nerston on the R65 road in Mpumalanga is a border post between South Africa and Eswatini. The Eswatini side of the border is known as Sandlane, and the road leading into Eswatini is the MR19. The border is open between 08:00 and 18:00
Waverley in Mpumalanga is a small border crossing between South Africa and Eswatini. The Eswatini side of the border post is known as Lundzi. The border is open between 08:00 and 16:00.
Mananga in Mpumalanga is a border post between South Africa and the north of Eswatini. The border is open between 07:00 and 18:00.
Eswatini–India relations refers to the international relations that exist between Eswatini and India. India also maintains a resident High Commission in Mbabane established on 13 August, 2019. Eswatini does not have a diplomatic mission in India.
A series of protests in Eswatini against the absolute monarchy and for democratisation began in late June 2021. Starting as a peaceful protest on 20 June, they escalated after 25 June into violence and looting over the weekend when the government took a hardline stance against the demonstrations and prohibited the delivery of petitions. Lower-level unrest and protests continued until summer 2023.
References
- ↑ "South African Ports of entry". Archived from the original on 28 August 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.