Joseph Margulies | |
---|---|
Academic background | |
Education | Cornell University (AB) Northwestern University (JD) |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Law |
Sub-discipline | Human rights law Criminal law Guantanamo litigation |
Institutions | Cornell University MacArthur Justice Center |
Joseph Margulies is an American attorney with the MacArthur Justice Center and a professor of law and government at Cornell University in Ithaca,New York. [1]
Margulies earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Cornell University and a Juris Doctor from the Northwestern University School of Law.
Margulies was lead counsel in Rasul v. Bush ,the case in which the Supreme Court of the United States established prisoners at Guantanamo Bay detention camp are entitled to judicial review and the U.S. court system has the authority to decide whether non-U.S. citizens held in Guantanamo Bay were wrongfully imprisoned. [2] [3]
Margulies is the author of the book Guantánamo and the Abuse of Presidential Power [4] and of What Changed When Everything Changed:9/11 and the Making of National Identity [5]
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base,officially known as Naval Station Guantanamo Bay or NSGB,is a United States military base located on 45 square miles (117 km2) of land and water on the shore of Guantánamo Bay at the southeastern end of Cuba. It has been permanently leased to the United States since 1903 as a coaling station and naval base,making it the oldest overseas U.S. naval base in the world. The lease was $2,000 in gold per year until 1934,when the payment was set to match the value in gold in dollars;in 1974,the yearly lease was set to $4,085.
In the United States,an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of the United States Constitution gives presidents broad executive and enforcement authority to use their discretion to determine how to enforce the law or to otherwise manage the resources and staff of the executive branch. The ability to make such orders is also based on expressed or implied Acts of Congress that delegate to the president some degree of discretionary power. The vast majority of executive orders are proposed by federal agencies before being issued by the president.
Military tribunals in the United States are military courts designed to judicially try members of enemy forces during wartime,operating outside the scope of conventional criminal and civil proceedings. The judges are military officers and fulfill the role of jurors. Military tribunals are distinct from courts-martial.
The Guantanamo military commissions were established by President George W. Bush –through a military order –on November 13,2001,to try certain non-citizen terrorism suspects at the Guantanamo Bay prison. To date,there have been a total of eight convictions in the military commissions,six through plea agreements with the defendants. Several of the eight convictions have been overturned in whole or in part on appeal,mostly by U.S. federal courts.
Shafiq Rasul is a British citizen who was a detainee held at Guantanamo Bay by the United States,which treated him an unlawful combatant. His detainee ID number was 86.
Michael Ratner was an American attorney. For much of his career,he was president of the Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR),a non-profit human rights litigation organization based in New York City,and president of the European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights (ECCHR) based in Berlin.
John Choon Yoo is a Korean-born American legal scholar and former government official who serves as the Emanuel S. Heller Professor of Law at the University of California,Berkeley. Yoo became known for his legal opinions concerning executive power,warrantless wiretapping,and the Geneva Conventions while serving in the George W. Bush administration,during which he was the author of the controversial "Torture Memos" in the War on Terror.
The powers of the president of the United States include those explicitly granted by Article II of the United States Constitution as well as those granted by Acts of Congress,implied powers,and also a great deal of soft power that is attached to the presidency.
Fionnuala NíAoláin is an Irish academic lawyer specialising in human rights law. She is the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism for the United Nations Human Rights Council since August 1,2017.
The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base,also referred to as Gitmo,on the coast of Guantánamo Bay in Cuba. As of March 2022,of the 780 people detained there since January 2002 when the military prison first opened after the September 11 attacks,741 had been transferred elsewhere,30 remained there,and 9 had died while in custody.
Sergeant Lacey was a military interrogator at the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps,in Cuba. Only her rank and last name have been made public.
Boumediene v. Bush,553 U.S. 723 (2008),was a writ of habeas corpus petition made in a civilian court of the United States on behalf of Lakhdar Boumediene,a naturalized citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina,held in military detention by the United States at the Guantanamo Bay detention camps in Cuba. Guantánamo Bay is not formally part of the United States,and under the terms of the 1903 lease between the United States and Cuba,Cuba retained ultimate sovereignty over the territory,while the United States exercises complete jurisdiction and control. The case was consolidated with habeas petition Al Odah v. United States. It challenged the legality of Boumediene's detention at the United States Naval Station military base in Guantanamo Bay,Cuba as well as the constitutionality of the Military Commissions Act of 2006. Oral arguments on the combined cases were heard by the Supreme Court on December 5,2007.
In United States law,habeas corpus is a recourse challenging the reasons or conditions of a person's detention under color of law. The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base. A persistent standard of indefinite detention without trial and incidents of torture led the operations of the Guantanamo Bay detention camp to be challenged internationally as an affront to international,and challenged domestically as a violation of the Due Process Clause of the Fifth and Fourteenth amendments of the United States Constitution,including the right of petition for habeas corpus. In 19 February 2002,Guantanamo detainees petitioned in federal court for a writ of habeas corpus to review the legality of their detention.
Jack Landman Goldsmith III is an American legal scholar. He is a professor at Harvard Law School who has written extensively in the fields of international law,civil procedure,federal courts,conflict of laws,and national security law. Writing in The New York Times,Jeffrey Rosen described him as being "widely considered one of the brightest stars in the conservative legal firmament".
Spencer Ryun Short is an American poet.
Criticism of the United States government encompasses a wide range of sentiments about the actions and policies of the United States.
A number of incidents stemming from the September 11 attacks have raised questions about legality.
Neil A. Lewis is an American journalist and author. He served as a correspondent at The New York Times for over 20 years. As a journalist,his work has appeared in a variety of magazines,including Rolling Stone,Washington Monthly,The New York Times Book Review,and The New Republic.
Michael E. Dunlavey is a former major general in the United States Army. Following his retirement from the Army he was elected a State Judge in Erie Pennsylvania.
The cannabis policy of the Reagan administration involved affirmation of the War on Drugs,government funded anti-cannabis media campaigns,expanded funding for law enforcement,involvement of the U.S. military in interdiction and eradication,reduction in emphasis in drug treatment,and creation of new Federal powers to test employees and seize cannabis-related assets.