Juan Guillermo Moore | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 27 February 1833 Lima, Peru |
| Died | 7 June 1880 (aged 47) Arica, Peru |
| Allegiance |  Peru |
| Service/ |  Peruvian Navy |
Juan Guillermo Moore Ruiz (27 February 1833 - 7 June 1880) was a British Peruvian navy officer. He was killed during the Battle of Arica.
Moore (sometimes spelled More in some texts) was born in Lima, the son of John Moore, a Scottish sailor and of Dolores Ruiz, a Peruvian lady. He joined the British Navy as an ensign in 1854. Later he returned to Peru and was commissioned in the Peruvian Navy. He served in the frigates Apurímac , Izcuchaca and Huaraz, as well as the Guise and the pontoon Iquique.
In 1866, during the Chincha Islands War, he was appointed commander of the corvette Unión . A few months later, Captain Moore took a Peruvian Navy crew to the United States to bring the ironclad Atahualpa to Peru. The monitor sailed from New Orleans, La. in early January 1869 arriving in Peru in June 1870. As a reward, he was appointed as commander of the frigate Independencia and in 1877, General Commander of the Southern Fleet. As such he directed the actions to recapture the monitor Huáscar which had been captured by Nicolás de Piérola and had rebelled against the central government. [1]
During the War of the Pacific between Chile and Peru, he was appointed commander of the strongest unit of the Peruvian Navy, the armoured frigate Independencia. As such, he participated in the Battle of Punta Gruesa on 21 May 1879, when his ship crashed with a submarine rock while pursuing the Chilean schooner Covadonga, commanded by Captain Carlos Condell. He was rescued from his sinking ship, imprisoned in Arica and court martialled by his own comrades. He was dismissed from the navy and forbidden to ever wear his uniform again. He decided to continue the war as a simple civilian, in order to regain his lost honor. On 27 February 1880, during the Naval Battle of Arica, while in command of the Manco Capac, he successfully disabled the captured Huascar killing her commander Captain Manuel Thomson. During the siege of Arica, he was in charge of the batteries of the Cape, where he was killed during the Battle of Arica.
Huáscar is an ironclad turret ship built in Britain for Peru in the 1865. Her price was a bit more than £81,000. She was the flagship of the Peruvian Navy and participated in the Battle of Pacocha and the War of the Pacific of 1879–1883. The ship was captained by the posthumous Grand Admiral Miguel Grau Seminario, considered the greatest hero of the Peruvian nation, when he succumbed facing much superior forces and his ship was captured by the Chilean squad in the naval Battle of Angamos and commissioned into the Chilean Navy. Today she is one of the few surviving ships of her type. The ship has been restored and is a memorial ship anchored in Talcahuano, Chile. It is named after the 16th-century Inca emperor, Huáscar. It is the second oldest afloat armored (battleship) in the world after HMS Warrior (1860) and the oldest monitor afloat.
The Battle of Angamos was a naval encounter of the War of the Pacific fought between the navies of Chile and Perú at Punta Angamos, on 8 October 1879. The battle was the culminating point of a naval campaign that lasted about five months in which the Chilean Navy had the sole mission of eliminating its Peruvian counterpart. In the struggle, two armored frigates, led by Commodore Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas and Navy Captain Juan José Latorre battered and later captured the Peruvian monitor Huáscar, under Rear Admiral Miguel Grau Seminario.
Agustín Arturo Prat Chacón was a Chilean lawyer and navy officer. He was killed in the Battle of Iquique, during the War of the Pacific.
The Battle of Punta Gruesa was a naval action that took place on May 21, 1879, during the War of the Pacific between Chile and Peru. This may be labelled as the second part of the Naval Battle of Iquique, although it is described in many sources as a separate battle.
Juan José Latorre Benavente Chilean Vice Admiral, one of the principal actors of the War of the Pacific, and hero of the Battle of Angamos.
The schooner Virgen de Covadonga was a ship that participated in the Chincha Islands War and the War of the Pacific, under Spanish and Chilean flags. She was launched in 1859. Covadonga hit a floating mine and sank off Chancay in 1880.
Carlos Arnaldo Condell De La Haza was a Chilean naval officer and hero of the Battle of Punta Gruesa during the start of the War of the Pacific.
The Naval campaign of the War of the Pacific or Saltpeter war was a naval campaign that took place from 1879 to 1884 involving Peru, and Chile undertaken in order to support land forces in the Atacama Desert. Due to the rough terrain and few transport methods it was imperitive to have control of the ports in order to have a good supply source in the region. It resulted in a successful campaign by Chile, and the success of their land campaigns leading to the loss of Bolivia's access to the ocean.
The Battle of Iquique was a naval engagement that occurred between a Chilean corvette under the command of Arturo Prat Chacón and a Peruvian ironclad under Miguel Grau Seminario on 21 May 1879, during the naval stage of the War of the Pacific, that pitted Chile against Peru and Bolivia. The battle took place off the then-Peruvian port of Iquique. The ironclad Huáscar sank the Chilean wooden corvette Esmeralda, after four hours of combat, resulting in a Peruvian victory.
The Tarapacá campaign is a short stage of the War of the Pacific developed in the last months of 1879, after the Chileans won definitive naval superiority at Angamos, and takes its name from the region where it was fought.
José Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas was a Chilean naval officer, Commander of the Chilean Squadron during the War of the Pacific.
Juan Bravo was a Chilean Navy sailor of mapuche origin, hero of the naval Battle of Punta Gruesa during the War of the Pacific. Juan Bravo distinguished himself in the Battle of Punta Gruesa where he while onboard of the schooner Covadonga sniped down numerous Peruvians on board of the ironclad Independencia.
Thomas Thomson Porto Manuel Mariño was a Chilean frigate captain of the Chilean Navy, who fought and died during the War of the Pacific. Thomson was given command of the ironclad vessel Huáscar following its capture by Chile during the Battle of Angamos. Thomson then took the ship to Arica in order to bombard and blockade the city. While at Arica, the Huáscar fought a duel with the Peruvian monitor Manco Cápac which is known as the Naval Battle of Arica. During this action Thomson was killed.
The Naval Battle of Arica was a naval battle which took place on 27 February 1880 during the Blockade of Arica as part of the War of the Pacific.
Manuel Antonio Villavicencio Freyre was a prominent Peruvian Navy officer, who participated in the War of the Pacific. He also served as a Senator.
BAP Unión was corvette of the Peruvian Navy, originally ordered by the government of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. Built in France it was bought by the Peruvian Navy and during its service participated in the Chincha Islands War and in the War of the Pacific in which it was scuttled following the Blockade of Callao to prevent it falling into Chilean hands.
Aurelio García y García was a Peruvian marine, diplomat and politician. He was friend and comrade in arms of Miguel Grau, Manuel Ferreyros and Lizardo Montero, all of them made up a remarkable generation of Peruvian sailors known as the Four Aces of the Peruvian Navy. He was also elected Mayor of Lima in 1877. He was also a man of wide culture, who was fully fluent in the English language and who had scientific inclinations.
Manuel Belisario Suárez y Vargas was a Peruvian colonel and politician that was notable for serving in several battles of the War of the Pacific as well as holding several offices within the Congress of the Republic of Peru.
The Raids of the Huáscar were a series of raids that occurred by the Peruvian ironclad Huáscar under the command of Miguel Grau Seminario during the War of the Pacific. The actions kept the Chilean government in check for nearly five months which ended after the Battle of Angamos.
The Second Battle of Iquique was a naval battle of the War of the Pacific that occurred on July 10, 1879. During the battle, the Huáscar faced the 2nd Chilean Naval Squadron which was blockading the port which lead to both forces to face each other.