Junedin Sado Junaddiin Saaddoo ጁነዲን ሳዶ | |
|---|---|
| President of the Oromia Region | |
| In office 28 October 2001 –6 October 2005 | |
| Preceded by | Kuma Demeksa |
| Succeeded by | Abadula Gemeda |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Oromia Zone,Ethiopia |
Junedin Sado (or Juneidi Sad) is an Ethiopian politician who served as the president of Oromia Region from 2001 to 2005. He was a member of Meles Zenawi's cabinet and the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization.
He was educated at Addis Ababa University (Geology), the University of East Anglia (Environmental Sciences), the University of Birmingham and Azusa Pacific University.
Junedin was President of the Oromia Region from 28 October 2001 until 6 October 2005 when he was replaced by Abadula Gemeda. He subsequently was appointed Transport and Communication Minister, which is the office he was holding when Prime Minister Meles Zenawi moved him to the Science and Technology Ministry October 2008. [1] Following the 2010 general election, Junedin was appointed Minister of Civil Service. [2]
In July 2012 his wife, Habiba Mohammed, was arrested with 29 others. Habiba was charged with funnelling money from the Embassy of Saudi Arabia to Islamist terror groups in Ethiopia. In her defense, Junedin claimed that he had approached the Saudi Arabian Embassy privately for money to build a mosque and fulfil the wishes of his late mother. [3] Junedin was subsequently fired from his position on the executive committee of the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization in September, [4] and was released from his position as Minister of Civil Service 29 November. [5]
Ethiochannel, a pro-government private newspaper based in Addis Ababa, reported in February 2013 that Junedin Sado fled to Kenya. [6] However, another report stated that he returned to Ethiopia in July and was killed by government agents in Robe. [7] More recently, Junadin is alleged to have entered the United States and accepted asylum. [8] His recent appearance on ESAT TV has verified he is alive and well.
The politics of Ethiopia are the activities associated with the governance of Ethiopia. The government is structured as a federal parliamentary republic with both a President and Prime Minister. The legislature is multicameral, with a house of representatives and a council. The term politics of Ethiopia mainly relates to the political activities in Ethiopia after the late 20th century when democratization took place in the nation. The current political structure of Ethiopia was formed after the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF) overthrew dictator President Mengistu Haile Mariam in 1991. A general election was held in June 1994 and Ethiopia has maintained a multiparty political environment until today.
Addis Ababa is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia. In the 2007 census, the city's population was estimated to be 2,739,551 inhabitants. Addis Ababa is a highly developed and important cultural, artistic, financial and administrative centre of Ethiopia.
The government of Ethiopia is the federal government of Ethiopia. It is structured in a framework of a federal parliamentary republic, whereby the prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. The prime minister is chosen by the lower chamber of the Federal Parliamentary Assembly. Federal legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament. The judiciary is more or less independent of the executive and the legislature. They are governed under the 1995 Constitution of Ethiopia. There is a bicameral parliament made of the 108-seat House of Federation and the 547-seat House of Peoples' Representatives. The House of Federation has members chosen by the regional councils to serve five-year terms. The House of Peoples' Representatives is elected by direct election, who in turn elect the president for a six-year term.
Meles Zenawi Asres, born Legesse Zenawi Asres was an Ethiopian politician and a former anti-Derg militant who served as president of Ethiopia from 1991 to 1995 and as prime minister from 1995 until his death in 2012.
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1988 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019.
Oromia is a regional state in Ethiopia and the homeland of the Oromo people. Under Article 49 of Ethiopian Constitution, the capital of Oromia is Addis Ababa, also called Finfinne. The provision of the article maintains special interest of Oromia by utilizing social services and natural resources of Addis Ababa.
Negasso Gidada Solon was an Ethiopian politician who was the president of Ethiopia from 1995 until 2001.
Moyale is a city on the border between Ethiopia and Kenya. In Ethiopia, Moyale is the administrative centre for two Ethiopian woredas, Moyale of the Oromia Region and Moyale of the Somali Region. In Kenya, it is the largest town of Marsabit County and the capital of Moyale sub-county.
Hailemariam Desalegn Boshe is an Ethiopian politician who served as prime minister of Ethiopia from 2012 to 2018. He also previously served as deputy prime minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs under Prime Minister Meles Zenawi from 2010 to 2012. After Meles' death in August 2012, Hailemariam succeeded him as prime minister, initially in an acting capacity. He was then elected as the chair of the EPRDF, the ruling party, on 15 September 2012. Hailemariam also served as the chairperson of the African Union from 2013 to 2014.
Azeb Mesfin Haile is an Ethiopian politician who was the second First Lady of Ethiopia from 2001 to 2012. Azeb is the widow of Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi. She is the founder and patron of National Initiative for Mental Health of Ethiopia. In early 2009, she was appointed CEO of the Endowment Fund for the Rehabilitation of Tigray by its head Abadi Zemu.
Articles related to Ethiopia include:
Ali Mohammed Musa, known professionally as Ali Birra, was an Ethiopian singer. He was regarded as the most popular Oromo icon, as well as an influential artist in the other regions and urban areas of Ethiopia. He had played a lot of songs in Amharic, Afar, Arabic and Somali languages. Ali was a celebrated as a poet and multi-instrumentalist.
Sebeta Hawas also known as Alem Gena is a town in central Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It is located in the Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne. It is at an elevation of 2369 meters above sea level. Sebeta Hawas is one of four towns in Sebeta Hawas district.
Kuma Demeksa is an Ethiopian politician. Since 24 April 2015, he has been an Ethiopian ambassador to Germany. From 2008 to 2013 he was mayor of Addis Ababa; previous positions include President of the Oromia Region (1995–2001), and Minister of Defense (2005–2008). He was one of the founders, as well as a current member, of the Oromo Peoples' Democratic Organization (OPDO), which is part of the ruling coalition, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF).
Kinfe Gebremedhin was an Ethiopian military commander of the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF) who fought against the military junta known as the Derg. Upon the overthrow of the Derg, Kinfe served as Chief of Security and Immigration in the new government and became a right-hand man of Meles Zenawi. He was murdered in 2001 by a fellow officer, which resulted in one of the most high-profile criminal cases in Ethiopian history.
Alemayehu Atomsa was an Ethiopian politician who served as the president of the Oromia Region, the largest of the country's regions, from 2010 until his resignation due to illness in 2014, from which he died in Bangkok, Thailand, on 6 March 2014.
Hachalu Hundessa was an Ethiopian singer, songwriter, and civil rights activist. Hachalu played a significant role in the 2014–2016 Oromo protests that led to Abiy Ahmed taking charge of the Oromo Democratic Party and Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, and subsequently becoming prime minister of Ethiopia in 2018.
Ethnic discrimination in Ethiopia during and since the Haile Selassie epoch has been described using terms including "racism", "ethnification", "ethnic identification, ethnic hatred, ethnicization", and "ethnic profiling". During the Haile Selassie period, Amhara elites perceived the southern minority languages as an obstacle to the development of an Ethiopian national identity. Ethnic discrimination occurred during the Haile Selassie and Mengistu Haile Mariam epochs against Hararis, Afars, Tigrayans, Eritreans, Somalis and Oromos. Ethnic federalism was implemented by Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) leader Meles Zenawi and discrimination against Amharas, Ogaden, Oromos and other ethnic groups continued during TPLF rule. Liberalisation of the media after Abiy Ahmed became prime minister in 2018 led to strengthening of media diversity and strengthening of ethnically focussed hate speech. Ethnic profiling targeting Tigrayans occurred during the Tigray War that started in November 2020.
The 1995 Ethiopian Federal Constitution formalizes an ethnic federalism law aimed at undermining long-standing ethnic imperial rule, reducing ethnic tensions, promoting regional autonomy, and upholding unqualified rights to self-determination and secession in a state with more than 80 different ethnic groups. But the constitution is divisive, both among Ethiopian nationalists who believe it undermines centralized authority and fuels interethnic conflict, and among ethnic federalists who fear that the development of its vague components could lead to authoritarian centralization or even the maintenance of minority ethnic hegemony. Parliamentary elections since 1995 have taken place every five years since enactment. All but one of these have resulted in government by members of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) political coalition, under three prime ministers. The EPRDF was under the effective control of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), which represents a small ethnic minority. In 2019 the EPRDF, under Abiy, was dissolved and he inaugurated the pan-ethnic Prosperity Party which won the 2021 Ethiopian Election, returning him as prime minister. But both political entities were different kinds of responses to the ongoing tension between constitutional ethnic federalism and the Ethiopian state's authority. Over the same period, and all administrations, a range of major conflicts with ethnic roots have occurred or continued, and the press and availability of information have been controlled. There has also been dramatic economic growth and liberalization, which has itself been attributed to, and used to justify, authoritarian state policy.
Meles Zenawi, who led Ethiopia as Prime Minister since 1995 and the chairman of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) since 1988, died on 20 August 2012 from undisclosed illness. Meles has been absent to public throughout a month and did not attend African Union summit in Addis Ababa. It was also speculated that he has been in poor health condition and expected to recover before the Ethiopian New Year on 11 September 2012.
