After finishing his studies at the gymnasium of Kreuznach in 1859 Lossen became a mining engineer; he began by two and a half years of practical work, then studied at the Universities of Berlin and Halle, where he graduated in 1866; in the same year he became assistant geologist of the Prussian national geological survey. He began immediately his well-known petrolographic studies of the Harz Mountains, which lasted till his death. In 1870 he became instructor in petrology at the Berlin mining academy, and at the same time lecturer at the university. In 1873, he was made a member of the newly founded Prussian National Geological Institute, and in 1882 received the title of professor; he was a fellow of the Görres Society from its foundation. In 1886, he became an associate professor in the university.
He published the results of his investigation in over one hundred treatises and notices which appeared for the most part in the Zeitschrift der deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft of 1867–1891. The work of his youth, De Tauni montis parte transrhenana (Halle, 1867), appeared independently; then in 1877 followed the maps of the geological survey of the Harz Mountains and later many special maps of the Harz district, and the exhaustive work, Boden der Stadt Berlin (The Terrain of Berlin). He also wrote papers on the contact and "dynamometamorphosis" of minerals. He was considered as an authority on this subject, such that the committee in charge of the programme for the International Geological Congress in London requested him to present a paper on the origin of crystallized slate (printed in 1888). He was made a member of Belgian, French, and English learned societies. A mineral called lossenite is named after him; it is a hydrated lead-iron sulpharsenate from the mines of Laurion in Attica.
Carl Friedrich Christian Mohs was a German chemist and mineralogist. He was the creator of the Mohs scale of mineral hardness. Mohs also introduced a classification of the crystal forms in crystal systems independently of Christian Samuel Weiss.
Friedrich Heinrich Emanuel Kayser was a German geologist and palaeontologist, born in Königsberg.
Ernst Heinrich Karl von Dechen was a German geologist.
Johann Gottlob Lehmann was a German mineralogist and geologist noted for his work and research contributions to the geologic record leading to the development of stratigraphy.
Wilhelm Heinrich Waagen was a German geologist and paleontologist. He was born in Munich and died in Vienna. He worked from 1870 to 1875 in the Geological Survey of India. He was a professor of paleontology at the University of Vienna from 1890.
Carl Friedrich Heinrich Credner was a German geologist.
Heinrich Lambert Wilhelm Hauchecorne was a German geologist of French Huguenot parentage who was born in Aachen.
Friedrich Wilhelm Conrad Eduard Bornhardt was a German geologist, engineer and explorer, and was Director of the Berlin College of Mines (Bergakademie) from 1907 to 1916.
Carl Wilhelm Franz von Branca Until 1895: Wilhelm Branco; 1895-1907: Wilhelm von Branco was a German geologist and paleontologist.
Eberhard Fraas was a German scientist, geologist and paleontologist. He worked as a curator at the Stuttgarter Naturaliensammlung and discovered the dinosaurs of the Tendaguru formation in then German East Africa. The dinosaur Efraasia is named after him.
Ernst Otto Heinrich Kohlschütter was a German physician born in Dresden. He was the father of astronomer Arnold Kohlschütter (1883–1969).
Karl Wilhelm Georg von Fritsch was a German geologist and paleontologist.
Sergius Nikolajewitsch von Bubnoff was a geologist and geotechnical engineer with Germano-Baltic ancestry who made important contributions to the rebuilding of geological research in East Germany after World War II. Starting in 1922, he was a professor at the University of Breslau. In 1929 he became a professor at the University of Greifswald and in 1950, he started his professorship at the Humboldt-University of Berlin. The Bubnoff unit, which is the unit of measure for the speed of geological processes, is named after him.
Sigismund Friedrich Hermbstädt was a German pharmacist and chemist who wielded great influence on the improvement of science education for pharmacists. He also made numerous contributions in the fields of industrial and agricultural chemistry.
Friedrich Klockmann was a German geologist and mineralogist.
Wilhelm Clemens Lossen was a German chemist. He was the brother of geologist Karl August Lossen.
Walther Ulrich Eduard Friedrich Gothan was a German paleobotanist, known for his studies of Carboniferous flora.
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Carl Friedrich Alexander Hartmann was a German mineralogist, geologist and a mining engineer who wrote several books on geology and mining. His knowledge of French and English allowed him to translate several works into German including Elements of Geology by Charles Lyell.
Nikolaus Creutzburg was a German geographer.
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