The judiciary is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
The High Court of Australia is Australia's apex court. It exercises original and appellate jurisdiction on matters specified within Australia's Constitution.
Kenneth Madison Hayne is a former Justice of the High Court of Australia, the highest court in the Australian court hierarchy.
The High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a part of the legal system of Hong Kong. It consists of the Court of Appeal and the Court of First Instance; it deals with criminal and civil cases which have risen beyond the lower courts. It is a superior court of record of unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction. It was named the Supreme Court before 1997. Though previously named the Supreme Court, this Court has long been the local equivalent to the Senior Courts of England and Wales and has never been vested with the power of final adjudication.
Derek Schofield, is a British lawyer and the former Chief Justice of Gibraltar. He commenced his legal career in 1961 when he was appointed assistant in the office of the clerk of the court in Lancashire. He was called to the bar in 1970, at Gray's Inn in London.
There are various levels of judiciary in England and Wales — different types of courts have different styles of judges. They also form a strict hierarchy of importance, in line with the order of the courts in which they sit, so that judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales are generally given more weight than district judges sitting in county courts and magistrates' courts. On 1 April 2020 there were 3,174 judges in post in England and Wales. Some judges with United Kingdom-wide jurisdiction also sit in England and Wales, particularly Justices of the United Kingdom Supreme Court and members of the tribunals judiciary.
A Justice of the High Court, commonly known as a ‘High Court judge’, is a judge of the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, and represents the third highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales. High Court judges are referred to as puisne judges. High Court Judges wear red and black robes.
Geoffrey Ma Tao-li is a retired Hong Kong judge who served as the 2nd Chief Justice of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal—the court of last resort in Hong Kong. Between 2001 and 2010, he held various positions in the High Court of Hong Kong, including Chief Judge, Justice of Appeal, and Judge of the Court of First Instance. Before his judicial career, he was a barrister-at-law in private practice at Temple Chambers, and was qualified to practice in England and Wales, Hong Kong, Australia and Singapore.
The Judges' Council is a body in England and Wales that, representing the judiciary, advises the Lord Chief Justice on judicial matters. It has its historical roots in the original Council of the Judges of the Supreme Court, created by the Judicature Act 1873 to oversee the new Supreme Court of Judicature. This body initially met regularly, reforming the procedure used by the circuit courts, and the new High Court of Justice but met less regularly as time went on, meeting only twice between 1900 and 1907, with a gap of ten years between meetings in 1940 and 1950 respectively. After relative inactivity, it was eventually wound up through the Supreme Court Act 1981, which contained no provisions for its continued existence, something Denis Dobson attributes to newer bodies which performed the duties the Council had originally been created to do.
Sir Martin James Moore-Bick is a retired judge of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales.
Dame Judith Mary Frances Parker, is a retired British judge and barrister. From 2008 to 2019, she was a Justice of the High Court of England and Wales.
The History of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, organised by the Chief Justice of Pakistan, follows from its constitutional establishment in 1947 till its recent events. The Supreme Court of Pakistan is the highest appellate court of the country and court of last resort— the final arbiter of the law and the Constitution.
Sir Peter Marcel Roth, styled The Hon. Mr Justice Roth, is a judge of the High Court of England and Wales.
Sir Geoffrey Charles Vos is a British judge. Since January 2021, he has held the position of Master of the Rolls, the head of civil justice in the court system of England and Wales.
Sir Mark David John Warby PC, styled The Rt Hon. Lord Justice Warby, is a Lord Justice of Appeal.
Sir Stephen John Irwin, is a retired British judge and barrister. From September 2016 until October 2020, he was a Lord Justice of Appeal. From May 2006 to 2016, he served as a judge of the High Court of England and Wales.
Sir Ian William Dove, styled The Hon. Mr Justice Dove, is a judge of the High Court of England and Wales.
Sir Michael John Fordham,, styled The Hon. Mr Justice Fordham, is a judge of the High Court of England and Wales assigned to the Queen's Bench Division. He was appointed as a Justice of the High Court on 13 January 2020.
Sir Christopher John Butcher, styled The Hon Mr Justice Butcher, is a judge of the High Court of England and Wales. He was educated at Charterhouse School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he read Modern History. He was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in 1983. He was called to the Bar by Gray's Inn in 1986. He was awarded the Eldon Law Scholarship by the University of Oxford in 1987. He was made a QC in 2001. He became a Bencher of Gray's Inn in 2005, a Recorder in 2009, and a Deputy High Court Judge in 2013. He has been a Judge of the High Court of Justice since 2018, and is one of the Judges who sits in the Commercial Court. He was awarded a PhD by King's College London in 2019 for his thesis on Sir Thomas Noon Talfourd. He is Chairman of the Radcliffe Trust.
Sir Nigel David Poole is a British High Court judge.
