Abdul Ali Mazari(Dari:عبدالعلیمزاری) was an ethnic Hazara militia and political leader of the Hezb-e Wahdat party during and following the Soviet-Afghan War. Mazari believed that the solution to the internal divisions in Afghanistan was in a federal system of governance,with each ethnic group having specific constitutional rights and able to govern their land and people. He was murdered by the Taliban in 1995,and posthumously given the title ‘Martyr Of National Unity’in 2016 by Ashraf Ghani government. He supported equal representation of all ethnic groups of Afghanistan,especially Hazaras,who are still being persecuted in Afghanistan.
The Kharoti are a Pashtun tribe of Ghilji origin,originating in the central part of Paktika Province,Afghanistan,but can be also found in other parts of the country. The Kharoti settled in Kharotabad in Quetta,British India around 1945.
Haji Muhammad Mohaqiq is a politician in Afghanistan,who served as a member of the Afghanistan Parliament. He is also the founder and chairman of the People's Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan. During the 1980s,he served with the mujahideen rebel forces fighting against the Soviet-backed Afghan government. After the withdrawal of the Soviet Union in 1989,Mohaqiq was appointed as the leader of the Hezb-e Wahdat for northern Afghanistan.
Jamayat-E-Islami,sometimes shortened to Jamiat,is a predominantly Tajik political party in Afghanistan. It was originally formed as a student political society at Kabul University. It has a communitarian ideology based on Islamic law. During the Soviet–Afghan War and the following Afghan Civil War against the communist government,Jamiat-e Islami was one of the most powerful of the Afghan mujahideen groups. Burhanuddin Rabbani led the party from 1968 to 2011,and served as President of the Islamic State of Afghanistan from 1992 to 2001,on exile from 1996.
The Northern Alliance,officially known as the United Islamic National Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan,was a military alliance of groups that operated between late 1996 to 2001 after the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) took over Kabul. The United Front was originally assembled by key leaders of the Islamic State of Afghanistan,particularly president Burhanuddin Rabbani and former Defense Minister Ahmad Shah Massoud. Initially it included mostly Tajiks but by 2000,leaders of other ethnic groups had joined the Northern Alliance. This included Karim Khalili,Abdul Rashid Dostum,Abdullah Abdullah,Mohammad Mohaqiq,Abdul Qadir,Asif Mohseni,Amrullah Saleh and others.
Mohammad Hasan Sharq is an Afghan former politician who was active in the communist government of Afghanistan. Sharq became Chairman of the Council of Ministers –the government of the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He was selected as a compromise candidate after a loya jirga ratified a new constitution in 1987. However,the power of his office was relatively slight compared with the powers held by the Presidency.
The Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin,also referred to as Hezb-e-Islami or Hezb-i-Islami Afghanistan (HIA),is an Afghan political party and former militia,originally founded in 1976 as Hezb-e-Islami and led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. In 1979,Mulavi Younas Khalis split with Hekmatyar and established his own group,which became known as Hezb-i Islami Khalis;the remaining part of Hezb-e Islami,still headed by Hekmatyar,became known as Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin. Hezbi Islami seeks to emulate the Muslim Brotherhood and to replace the various tribal factions of Afghanistan with one unified Islamic state. This puts them at odds with the more tribe-oriented Taliban.
Jaghori is one of the main districts of the Ghazni province in Afghanistan. It is located in the highlands in the southern fringes of the Hazaristan region. It occupies 1,855 km2. in the upper Arghandab valley. The population is estimated to be around 560,000 in 2015. The district capital,Sange-e-Masha,is where major business transactions take place. The district is heavily dependent on agriculture,and migrant workers as the main sources of income. Other major marketplaces are in Ghojor and Anguri.
Ahmad Zia Massoud is an Afghan politician who was the Vice President of Afghanistan in the first elected administration of President Hamid Karzai,from December 2004 to November 2009. He is a younger brother of the late Ahmad Shah Massoud,the resistance leader against the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and against the Taliban. In late 2011,Ahmad Zia Massoud joined hands with major leaders in the National Front of Afghanistan,which strongly opposed a return of the Taliban to power. The National Front was generally regarded as a reformation of the United Front which with U.S. air support temporarily removed the Taliban from power in late 2001.
Malistan or Malestan is a district in the west of Daykundi Province,Afghanistan. Its population,which is 100% Hazara,was estimated at 350,000 in 2009. The district capital is Mir Adina.
The 1992–1996 Afghan Civil War took place between 28 April 1992—the date a new interim Afghan government was supposed to replace the Republic of Afghanistan of President Mohammad Najibullah—and the Taliban's conquest of Kabul establishing the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on 27 September 1996.
Hajji Din Mohammad also known as Azizullah Din Mohammad is a politician in Afghanistan who served as the Governor of Nangarhar Province followed by Governor of Kabul Province. He is currently the Chairman of Peace and Development Islamic Party. He has been involved in the peace and reconciliation process between the Afghan Government and the Taliban and is currently the deputy of High Council for National Reconciliation. Haji Din Mohammad comes from a distinguished Pashtun family "Arsala" The Arsala family is part of the Jabar Khel. He is also the elder brother of late Hajji Abdul Qadir and Abdul Haq His great-grandfather,Wazir Arsala Khan,served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan in 1869. One of Arsala Khan's descendants,Taj Mohammad Khan,was a general at the Battle of Maiwand. Another descendant,Abdul Jabbar Khan,was Afghanistan’s first Ambassador to Russia.
The following lists events that happened during 1992 in Afghanistan.
The Afghan mujahideen were various armed Islamist rebel groups that fought against the government of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and the Soviet Union during the Soviet–Afghan War and the subsequent First Afghan Civil War. The term mujahideen is used in a religious context by Muslims to refer to those engaged in a struggle of any nature for the sake of Islam,commonly referred to as jihad (جهاد). The Afghan mujahideen consisted of numerous groups that differed from each other across ethnic and/or ideological lines,but were united by their anti-communist and pro-Islamic goals. The union was also widely referred to by their Western backers as the Afghan resistance,while Western press often referred to them as Muslim rebels,guerrillas,or "Mountain Men". They were popularly referred to by Soviet troops as dukhi as derivation from Dari word دشمانdushman,which turned into short dukh and also was suitable due to their guerrilla tactics;Afghan civilians often referred to them as the tanzim,while the Afghan government called them dushman,a term also employed by the Soviets.
Qazi Muhammad Amin Waqad was an Afghan politician who has held a variety of political and military offices.
Abdullah Abdullah is an Afghan politician who led the High Council for National Reconciliation (HCNR) from May 2020 until August 2021,when the Afghan government was overthrown by the Taliban. The council had been established to facilitate peace talks between the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the Taliban insurgents. Abdullah served as the Chief Executive of Afghanistan from September 2014 to March 2020,and as Minister of Foreign Affairs from December 2001 to April 2005. Prior to that,he was a senior member of the Northern Alliance,working as an adviser to Ahmad Shah Massoud. He worked as an ophthalmologist and medical doctor in the 1980s.
Hezb-e Wahdat-e Islami Afghanistan,shortened to Hezbe Wahdat,is an Afghan political party founded in 1989. Like most contemporary major political parties in Afghanistan,Hezb-e Wahdat is rooted in the turbulent period of the anti-Soviet resistance movements in Afghanistan in the 1980s. It was formed to bring together nine separate and mostly inimical military and ideological groups into a single entity.
The Andar are a Ghilji Pashtun sub-tribe. The Andar occupy nearly the whole of the extensive district of Shalgar south of Ghazni The Andar were traditionally known for their skill in the construction and maintenance of large karez. More concentrated in Ghazni Province,they have also a significant presence in Paktia. During the 19th century they joined in the Ghilji revolt and many were summarily sent into internal exile. Somewhat inexplicably,they allied themselves for a time with the Harakat-i Islami,originally a Shia faction,during the anti-Soviet campaign. In fact,there were two Mujaheddin parties named Harakat-i Islami Afghanistan,while one was a Shi'ite faction,the other and far more significant party was originally a 'united front' of mainly Hezb-i Islami and Jamiat-i Islami,that collapsed after only a few months,leaving behind a significant party that was in many ways a precursor to the present day Taliban movement. A majority of the Andar tribe were affiliated with this 'Harakt-i Islami' and it is notable that the leader of this united front and later party,Mawlawi Mohammad Nabi Mohammadi was Andar by tribe. Similarly,the senior Mawlawi Mansoor was Andar too. Mansoor's son Saifurrahman Mansoor was later an important figure and military leader in the Taliban movement.
Ghairat Baheer is a citizen of Afghanistan who currently serves as a Senator in the House of Elders of Afghanistan. He is also the Chairman of the Political Committee of Hezbi Islami in Afghanistan. Ghairat Baheer was held by American forces in extrajudicial detention for over six years. The BBC News reported Pakistani officials took him into custody during a pre-dawn raid on his home in Islamabad on October 30,2002. The BBC said no reason was offered for his apprehension,and that there were rumors US security officials participated in the raid.
