Kispu

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Kispu or kispum [1] was an ancient Mesopotamian ritual in which the ancestors were venerated, nourished and cared. [2] The ritual included regular offering of food and drinks to the deads. [3] [4] Textual evidence for the kispu were found from as early as the 3rd millennium BC; these evidence indicate the ceremony included sacrifices and offerings. [2] The textual evidence allow identification of archaeological findings, such as masses of dining vessels near secondary burial skeletons the royal hypogeum at Qatna, [5] with the kispu. [2] [6]

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References

  1. ↑ With Akkadian mimation
  2. 1 2 3 Laneri, Nicola (2021). "Sensing the ancestors". In Neumann, Kiersten; Thomason, Allison (eds.). The Routledge Handbook of the Senses in the Ancient Near East. Routledge. p. 400. doi:10.4324/9780429280207.
  3. ↑ Pfälzner, Peter (2012). "How Did They Bury the Kings of Qatna?". In Pfälzner, Peter; Niehr, Herbert; Pernicka, Ernst; Wissing, Anne (eds.). Qaṭna Studien Supplementa. Vol. 1: (Re-)Constructing Funerary Ritualsin the Ancient Near East. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 216.
  4. ↑ Pitard, Wayne T. (1978). "The Ugaritic Funerary Text RS 34.126". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (232): 67. doi:10.2307/1356702. ISSN   0003-097X.
  5. ↑ For more details see Qatna#Royal ancestors cult
  6. ↑ Pfälzner, Peter (2012). "How Did They Bury the Kings of Qatna?". In Pfälzner, Peter; Niehr, Herbert; Pernicka, Ernst; Wissing, Anne (eds.). Qaṭna Studien Supplementa. Vol. 1: (Re-)Constructing Funerary Ritualsin the Ancient Near East. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 213–216.
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