 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(September 2024) |
The Kriegsamt or German (Supreme) War Office was a central military authority in the German Empire founded in 1916 during the First World War. [1] The Kingdom of Bavaria had its own war office.
The War Office was officially founded on November 1, 1916 in connection with the Hindenburg Programme of the Supreme Army Command. Overall, it served to centralize the war economy and was responsible for all areas of economic mobilization, but also for the organization of work and service obligations. According to Wilhelm II's cabinet order, the task was to "manage all matters related to the overall warfare of the procurement, use and nutrition of the workers, as well as the procurement of raw materials, weapons and ammunition." [2]
The office was intended primarily as an authority for the implementation of the patriotic Auxiliary Services Act. It was responsible not only for managing raw materials, but also for subsidizing the defense industry and controlling investments. This went so far that it was able to order the shutdown of companies that were not important to the war effort. [3]
The collections of raw materials and waste materials were also coordinated via the Department of Public Nutrition (Abteilung für Volksernährungsfragen).
The judiciary is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Fritz Todt was a German construction engineer and senior figure of the Nazi Party. He was the founder of Organisation Todt (OT), a military-engineering organisation that supplied German industry with forced labour, and served as Reich Minister for Armaments and Ammunition in Nazi Germany early in World War II, directing the entire German wartime military economy from that position.
Rosa Anna Katharina Mittermaier-Neureuther was a German alpine skier. She was the overall World Cup champion in 1976 and a double gold medalist at the 1976 Winter Olympics.
Prodrazverstka, also transliterated Prodrazvyorstka, alternatively referred to in English as grain requisitioning, was a policy and campaign of confiscation of grain and other agricultural products from peasants at nominal fixed prices according to specified quotas. This strategy often led to the deaths of many country-dwelling people, such as its involvement with the Holodomor and Kazakh famines of 1919–1922 and 1930–1933.
The Oberste Heeresleitung was the highest echelon of command of the army (Heer) of the German Empire. In the latter part of World War I, the Third OHL assumed dictatorial powers and became the de facto political authority in the Empire.
Ahmed Djemal, also known as Djemal Pasha, was an Ottoman military leader and one of the Three Pashas that ruled the Ottoman Empire during World War I.
Petra Hammesfahr is a German crime writer. She has won several awards, including the Crime Prize of Wiesbaden and the Rhineland Literary Prize.
Hermann Konstantin Albert Julius von Hanneken was a German General of the Infantry who was supreme commander of the German forces in Denmark from 29 September 1942 to January 1945.
The Battle of Ölper took place on 1 August 1809 in Ölper, currently a district of the town of Brunswick, as part of the War of the Fifth Coalition. It pitched troops of the Kingdom of Westphalia against the Black Brunswickers under Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, but ended in a tactical draw.
The Work Order Act of 20 January 1934 was the basis for labour relations in Nazi Germany. It regulated the structure of the enterprises and implemented the leader principle (Führerprinzip) in the economy.
The Auxiliary Services Act was a law of the German Empire introduced during the First World War on 6 December 1916 to facilitate the Hindenburg Programme, an attempt by the military to mobilize scarce resources, including manpower, more efficiently for the war effort.
Bodo Hugo Hauser was a German journalist and writer.
The Reich Ministry of Food and Agriculture was responsible for the agricultural policy of Germany during the Weimar Republic from 1919 to 1933 and during the Nazi dictatorship of the Third Reich from 1933 to 1945. It was headed by a Reichsminister under whom a state secretary served. On 1 January 1935, the ministry merged with the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests, founded in 1879. Until 1938 and the Anschluss with Austria, it was called the "Reich and Prussian Ministry of Food and Agriculture". After the end of National Socialism in 1945 and of the Allied occupation of Germany, the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture was established in 1949 as a successor in the Federal Republic of Germany.
The Federation of German Industries is the umbrella organization of German industry and industry-related service providers in the legal form of a registered association. It represents 39 industry associations and more than 100,000 companies that employ around 8 million workers. Membership is voluntary. A total of 15 Bundesland-level agencies represent the interests of the economy at regional level. The headquarters of the BDI is the Haus der Deutschen Wirtschaft in Berlin. The BDI also has offices abroad and is represented internationally. Siegfried Russwurm has been its President since 1 January 2021. BDI has offices in Germany and abroad. A total of 15 state representatives represents the interests of the economy at the regional level.
Transportflotte Speer was a government owned waterways transportation company in Nazi Germany. At its creation it was tasked with the transportation of building material on the German inland waterways. During the war, it became subordinated to the Ministry of Armaments, and was given extensive coastal and inland transportation missions in occupied Europe, mainly in the service of Organisation Todt. The company was named after Albert Speer.
Lieutenant General Karl Birger Hedqvist was a Swedish Army officer. He served as Deputy Chief of Ordnance from 1939 to 1949 and as Master-General of the Ordnance from 1949 to 1959.
Peter Klöckner was a German businessman and industrialist.
Manfred Böckl is a German writer who specialises in historical fiction. Since the 1980s, he has written novels that often revolve around Bavaria, crime, abuse of power and historical renegades and seers. He had a local breakthrough in 1991 with a novel about the Bavarian prophet Mühlhiasl. A recurring subject in Böckl's works is Celtic culture and he practices Celtic neopaganism.
During World War I, Ethiopia briefly forged an alliance with the Allied Powers, following Italy's entry into the war in 1915. In June 1916, a dynastic conflict emerged when the uncrowned Emperor, Lij Iyasu, was alleged to have converted to Islam under the influence of the Ottoman Empire, which led him to be charged with apostasy. As a result, then-regent Ras Tafari Mekonnen, later known as Emperor Haile Selassie, orchestrated a coup d'état in September, deposing Lij Iyasu and installing Empress Zewditu on the throne. Throughout the war, Empress Zewditu maintained a stance of neutrality.
Peace efforts during World War I were made mainly by Pope Benedict XV, US President Woodrow Wilson and, from 1916, the two main members of the Triple Alliance to bring the conflict to an end. European socialists, taking advantage of their relations on opposing sides through the Political International, also tried to open up the prospect of peace.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)  | This World War I article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |