Kubrat Knoll

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Location of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. Varna-Peninsula-location-map.png
Location of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands.
Kubrat Knoll (on the left) from Half Moon Island. Kubrat.jpg
Kubrat Knoll (on the left) from Half Moon Island.
Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Livingston-Island-Map-2010.jpg
Topographic map of Livingston Island, Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands.

Kubrat Knoll (Kubratova Mogila \ku-'bra-to-va mo-'gi-la\) is a rocky peak of elevation 140 m at the base of Inott Point, Varna Peninsula on eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is named after Khan Kubrat, 632-668 AD, who founded the Kingdom of Great Bulgaria on the territory bounded by the Caucasus, Volga and the Carpathians in 632 AD.

Inott Point

Inott Point is a point 1 nautical mile (2 km) north-northeast of Edinburgh Hill forming the eastern extremity of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Situated 4.3 km southwest of Bagryana Point on Greenwich Island across McFarlane Strait. In association with the names of nineteenth century sealers in this area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Captain Robert Inott, Master of the American sealing ship Samuel from Nantucket, who visited the South Shetland Islands in 1820-21.

Varna Peninsula

Varna Peninsula is a roughly rectangular predominantly ice-covered peninsula forming the northeast extremity of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is bounded by Hero Bay to the northwest, by Moon Bay to the southeast, and by McFarlane Strait to the northeast.

Livingston Island Island of the South Shetland Islands

Livingston Island is an Antarctic island, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago in the Southern Ocean. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.

Contents

Location

The knoll is located at 62°31′36″S60°01′05″W / 62.52667°S 60.01806°W / -62.52667; -60.01806 Coordinates: 62°31′36″S60°01′05″W / 62.52667°S 60.01806°W / -62.52667; -60.01806 which is 700 m west by south of Inott Point, 1.93 km east of Arbanasi Nunatak and 1.7 km north of Edinburgh Hill (Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009 from the Tangra 2004/05 topographic survey).

Geographic coordinate system Coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are often chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position and two or three of the numbers represent a horizontal position; alternatively, a geographic position may be expressed in a combined three-dimensional Cartesian vector. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation. To specify a location on a plane requires a map projection.

Arbanasi Nunatak

Arbanasi Nunatak is a 320 m high rocky peak in Vidin Heights on Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in Antarctica. The peak was named after the settlement and monastery of Arbanasi near the old Bulgarian capital of Veliko Tarnovo.

Edinburgh Hill

Edinburgh Hill is a narrow point projecting 650 m from the east coast of Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica into McFarlane Strait and ending up in a conspicuous rocky hill of elevation 180 m. The point forms the northwest side of the entrance to Moon Bay. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

Maps

Related Research Articles

Boyana Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Boyana Glacier in Levski Ridge, Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica is situated southeast of Macy Glacier and west-southwest of Srebarna Glacier. It is bounded by Vazov Rock on the west, St. Naum Peak, Starosel Gate, Silistra Knoll and Kotel Gap on the north, and Christoff Cliff on the east. The glacier extends 3 km in east-west direction and 1.6 km in north-south direction, and flows southeastward into the Bransfield Strait between Vazov Point and Aytos Point.

Kresna Gully

Kresna Gully is a heavily crevassed depression in Perunika Glacier extending 2.25 km westwards from Rezen Knoll in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The gully ends in the indentation forming the east corner of Emona Anchorage, and located 3.15 km northeast of Hespérides Point 1.21 km south-southeast of Aleko Point.

Kuzman Knoll

Kuzman Knoll is a solitary ice-covered knoll rising to 620 m in eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The knoll forms a conspicuous landmark in Wörner Gap area, overlooking Huron Glacier and upper Perunika Glacier. It was named after Kuzman Tuhchiev, participant in the 1993/94 Bulgarian Antarctic campaign and base commander at St. Kliment Ohridski during the 1994-96 seasons.

Maritsa Peak mountain in Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

Maritsa Peak rises to 560 m in eastern Bowles Ridge on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It has precipitous rocky south slopes, and is situated on the west side of Pirdop Gate, surmounting Huron Glacier to the south and Struma Glacier to the north. The peak is "named after the Maritsa River in Bulgaria."

Panega Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Panega Glacier on Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is situated southeast of the northeastern portion of Saedinenie Snowfield, south of Rose Valley Glacier, southwest of Debelt Glacier and north of lower Kaliakra Glacier. It drains the southeast slopes of Vidin Heights and flows into Moon Bay between Helis Nunatak and Perperek Knoll. The glacier extends 2 nautical miles in the southeast-northwest direction, and 1.6 nautical miles in the southwest-northeast direction. It is named after Zlatna Panega River in northern Bulgaria.

Pomorie Point

Pomorie Point is a point on the coast of McFarlane Strait forming the north side of the entrance to Lister Cove, Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

Presian Ridge

Presian Ridge is a ridge of elevation 1456 m extending 950 m in east-weat direction in Friesland Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Situated between the island's summit Mount Friesland to the west and Catalunyan Saddle to the east. Surmounting Wörner Gap, Camp Academia locality and upper Huron Glacier to the north, and Macy Glacier to the south.

Rose Valley Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Rose Valley Glacier is a glacier on Varna Peninsula, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated northeast of Saedinenie Snowfield, northwest of Debelt Glacier and north of Panega Glacier. It extends 5.2 km in southeast-northwest direction and 3.7 km in southwest-northeast direction, and drains the northeast slopes of Vidin Heights to flow into Lister Cove and McFarlane Strait between Pomorie Point and Inott Point.

Shabla Knoll hill on the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

Shabla Knoll rises to over 400 m (1,312 ft) in Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica surmounting Sopot Ice Piedmont to the north and Pautalia Glacier to the southwest.

Spanish Knoll

Spanish Knoll has a highest point of elevation 48 m located on Bulgarian Beach on Hurd Peninsula, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

St. Ivan Rilski Col

St. Ivan Rilski Col is an ice-covered col linking the Great Needle Peak and Levski Peak in Levski Ridge, Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.

St. Naum Peak

St. Naum Peak is a rocky peak of elevation 560 m in the east extremity of Peshev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Separated from Balchik Ridge and Silistra Knoll to the east by Starosel Gate, and surmounting Macy Glacier to the north and Boyana Glacier to the south.

Svoge Knoll

Svoge Knoll is an ice-covered peak rising to 560 m in Bowles Ridge, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Surmounting Perunika Glacier to the south and west.

Wulfila Glacier glacier in Antarctica

Wulfila Glacier is located on the southern slopes of Breznik Heights, Greenwich Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, south-southwest of Solis Glacier and west of Zheravna Glacier. It is bounded by Oborishte Ridge to the northwest, Nevlya Peak to the north, Terter Peak and Razgrad Peak to the northeast, and Ephraim Bluff to the southeast. The glacier extends 3 km in northwest-southeast direction and 2 km in northeast-southwest direction, draining southwestwards into McFarlane Strait between Ephraim Bluff and the base of Provadiya Hook.

Zemen Knoll

Zemen Knoll is a peak of 453 m in the Vidin Heights on Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The knoll overlooks Kaliakra Glacier to the southeast, and Saedinenie Snowfield to the northwest and west. The feature is named after the town of Zemen in Western Bulgaria.

Balchik Ridge

Balchik Ridge is a 1.3 km long narrow ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica with a highest point of 550m. The ridge adjoins the col linking Silistra Knoll and Peshev Ridge and surmounts Boyana Glacier to the southwest, south and east. The ridge was named after the Bulgarian town of Balchik.

Belozem Hill

Belozem Hill is the northeasternmost of a chain of hills along Bulgarian Beach on Hurd Peninsula in the east of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands in Antarctica. The hill is boulder-clay capped with twin summits; the higher east-northeastern of them rising to 41 m. It is snow free in summer. The hill was mapped by the Spanish Servicio Geográfico del Ejército in 1991, and by Bulgaria in 1996 and 2005.

References

Antarctic Place-names Commission

The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.


This article includes information from the Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria which is used with permission.