Multimodal learning, in the context of machine learning, is a type of deep learning using multiple modalities of data, such as text, audio, or images.
Artificial intelligence art is any visual artwork created through the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) program.
80 Million Tiny Images is a dataset intended for training machine learning systems. It contains 79,302,017 32×32 pixel color images, scaled down from images extracted from the World Wide Web in 2008 using automated web search queries on a set of 75,062 non-abstract nouns derived from WordNet. The words in the search terms were then used as labels for the images. The researchers used seven web search resources for this purpose: Altavista, Ask.com, Flickr, Cydral, Google, Picsearch and Webshots.
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) is a large language model released by OpenAI in 2020.
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 (GPT-2) is a large language model by OpenAI and the second in their foundational series of GPT models. GPT-2 was pre-trained on a dataset of 8 million web pages. It was partially released in February 2019, followed by full release of the 1.5-billion-parameter model on November 5, 2019.
DALL·E, DALL·E 2, and DALL·E 3 are text-to-image models developed by OpenAI using deep learning methodologies to generate digital images from natural language descriptions known as "prompts".
Abeba Birhane is an Ethiopian-born cognitive scientist who works at the intersection of complex adaptive systems, machine learning, algorithmic bias, and critical race studies. Birhane's work with Vinay Prabhu uncovered that large-scale image datasets commonly used to develop AI systems, including ImageNet and 80 Million Tiny Images, carried racist and misogynistic labels and offensive images. She has been recognized by VentureBeat as a top innovator in computer vision and named as one of the 100 most influential persons in AI 2023 by TIME magazine.
Wu Dao is a multimodal artificial intelligence developed by the Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence (BAAI). Wu Dao 1.0 was first announced on January 11, 2021; an improved version, Wu Dao 2.0, was announced on May 31. It has been compared to GPT-3, and is built on a similar architecture; in comparison, GPT-3 has 175 billion parameters — variables and inputs within the machine learning model — while Wu Dao has 1.75 trillion parameters. Wu Dao was trained on 4.9 terabytes of images and texts, while GPT-3 was trained on 45 terabytes of text data. Yet, a growing body of work highlights the importance of increasing both data and parameters. The chairman of BAAI said that Wu Dao was an attempt to "create the biggest, most powerful AI model possible"; although direct comparisons between models based on parameter count do not directly correlate to quality. Wu Dao 2.0, was called "the biggest language A.I. system yet". It was interpreted by commenters as an attempt to "compete with the United States".. Notably, the type of architecture used for Wu Dao 2.0 is a mixture-of-experts (MoE) model, unlike GPT-3, which is a "dense" model: while MoE models require much less computational power to train than dense models with the same numbers of parameters, trillion-parameter MoE models have shown comparable performance to models that are hundreds of times smaller.
Prompt engineering is the process of structuring an instruction that can be interpreted and understood by a generative AI model. A prompt is natural language text describing the task that an AI should perform.
Stable Diffusion is a deep learning, text-to-image model released in 2022 based on diffusion techniques. The generative artificial intelligence technology is the premier product of Stability AI and is considered to be a part of the ongoing artificial intelligence boom.
A text-to-image model is a machine learning model which takes an input natural language description and produces an image matching that description.
Prisma Labs is a software company based in Sunnyvale, California that is known for developing Prisma and Lensa.
In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), a hallucination or artificial hallucination is a response generated by AI which contains false or misleading information presented as fact. This term draws a loose analogy with human psychology, where hallucination typically involves false percepts. However, there is a key difference: AI hallucination is associated with unjustified responses or beliefs rather than perceptual experiences.
Generative pre-trained transformers (GPT) are a type of large language model (LLM) and a prominent framework for generative artificial intelligence. They are artificial neural networks that are used in natural language processing tasks. GPTs are based on the transformer architecture, pre-trained on large data sets of unlabelled text, and able to generate novel human-like content. As of 2023, most LLMs have these characteristics and are sometimes referred to broadly as GPTs.
A large language model (LLM) is a computational model notable for its ability to achieve general-purpose language generation and other natural language processing tasks such as classification. Based on language models, LLMs acquire these abilities by learning statistical relationships from vast amounts of text during a computationally intensive self-supervised and semi-supervised training process. LLMs can be used for text generation, a form of generative AI, by taking an input text and repeatedly predicting the next token or word.
The Pile is an 886.03 GB diverse, open-source dataset of English text created as a training dataset for large language models (LLMs). It was constructed by EleutherAI in 2020 and publicly released on December 31 of that year. It is composed of 22 smaller datasets, including 14 new ones.
Generative artificial intelligence is artificial intelligence capable of generating text, images, videos, or other data using generative models, often in response to prompts. Generative AI models learn the patterns and structure of their input training data and then generate new data that has similar characteristics.
Llama is a family of autoregressive large language models (LLMs) released by Meta AI starting in February 2023. The latest version is Llama 3, released in April 2024.
Whisper is a machine learning model for speech recognition and transcription, created by OpenAI and first released as open-source software in September 2022.
Sora is an upcoming generative artificial intelligence model developed by OpenAI, that specializes in text-to-video generation. The model accepts textual descriptions, known as prompts, from users and generates short video clips corresponding to those descriptions. Prompts can specify artistic styles, fantastical imagery, or real-world scenarios. When creating real-world scenarios, user input may be required to ensure factual accuracy, otherwise features can be added erroneously. Sora is praised for its ability to produce videos with high levels of visual detail, including intricate camera movements and characters that exhibit a range of emotions. Furthermore, the model possesses the functionality to extend existing short videos by generating new content that seamlessly precedes or follows the original clip. As of May 2024, it is unreleased and not yet available to the public.
