Laura Lykins

Last updated

Laura Lykins (born 1869/70 [1] ) was Oklahoma's first female lawyer. [2] She was born on the Shawnee Indian Reservation in Kansas. [3] Her mother was Caucasian whereas her father was the brother of the Shawnee chief Blue Jacket. [4] Lykins graduated from the law department of the Carlisle Indian School in 1898 before relocating to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. [4] [5] Later that same year, Lykins became the first female admitted to the Oklahoma State Bar.

See also

Related Research Articles

Indian Territory Evolving land area set aside by the United States Government for the relocation of Native Americans

The Indian Territory and the Indian Territories are terms that generally described an evolving land area set aside by the United States Government for the relocation of Native Americans who held aboriginal title to their land as a sovereign independent state. In general, the tribes ceded land they occupied in exchange for land grants in 1803. The concept of an Indian Territory was an outcome of the US federal government's 18th- and 19th-century policy of Indian removal. After the American Civil War (1861–1865), the policy of the US government was one of assimilation.

Miami County, Kansas County in Kansas, United States

Miami County is a county located in east-central Kansas and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 34,191. Its county seat and most populous city is Paola.

Pink, Oklahoma Town in Oklahoma, United States

Pink is a town in Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma, United States, and is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area. The only town in the United States bearing this name, Pink lies within the boundaries of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation. The 2010 census population was 2,058, a 76.7 percent increase from the figure of 1,165 in 2000.

Shawnee, Oklahoma City in Oklahoma, United States

Shawnee is a city in Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 29,857 in 2010, a 4.9 percent increase from the figure of 28,692 in 2000. The city is part of the Oklahoma City-Shawnee Combined Statistical Area; it is also the county seat of Pottawatomie County and the principal city of the Shawnee Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Shawnee Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, based in Oklahoma

The Shawnee are an Algonquian-speaking indigenous people of the Northeastern Woodlands. In the 17th century, they lived in Pennsylvania and in the 18th century, they were in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana, with some bands in Kentucky and Alabama. By the 19th century, they were forcibly removed to Missouri, Kansas, Texas, and ultimately Indian Territory, which became Oklahoma, under the 1830 Indian Removal Act.

Belva Ann Lockwood

Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood was an American attorney, politician, educator, and author. She was active in working for women's rights, including women's suffrage. Lockwood overcame many social and personal obstacles related to gender restrictions. After college, she became a teacher and principal, working to equalize pay for women in education. She supported the movement for world peace, and was a proponent of the Temperance movement.

Blood quantum laws American laws of race

Blood quantum laws or Indian blood laws are laws in the United States and the former Thirteen colonies that define Native American status by fractions of Native American ancestry. These laws were enacted by the American government as a way to establish legally defined racial population groups. By contrast, many tribes and nations do not include blood quantum as part of their own enrollment criteria.

Shawnee Tribe Native American tribe in Oklahoma, United States

The Shawnee Tribe is a federally recognized Native American tribe in Oklahoma. Formerly known as the Loyal Shawnee, they are one of three federally recognized Shawnee tribes. The others are the Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma and the Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma.

Isaac McCoy

Isaac McCoy was a Baptist missionary among the Native Americans in present-day Indiana, Michigan, Missouri and Kansas. He was an advocate of Indian removal from the eastern United States, proposing an Indian state in what is now Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. He also played an instrumental role in the founding of Grand Rapids, Michigan and Kansas City, Missouri.

Cattle drives in the United States Movement of cattle by herding over land

Cattle drives were a major economic activity in the 19th and early 20th century American West, particularly between 1850s and 1910s. In this period, 27 million cattle were driven from Texas to railheads in Kansas, for shipment to stockyards in Louisiana and points east. The long distances covered, the need for periodic rests by riders and animals, and the establishment of railheads led to the development of "cow towns" across the frontier.

Johnston Lykins was a prominent figure in the early history of the American frontier settlement that became Kansas City, Missouri. He was the city's second mayor and its first to be the duly elected.

American Indian boarding schools Residential schools established to assimilate Native American children into a white American society

American Indian boarding schools, also known more recently as AmericanIndian Residential Schools, were established in the United States from the mid 17th to the early 20th centuries with a primary objective of "civilizing" or assimilating Native American children and youth into Euro-American culture. In the process, these schools denigrated Native American culture and made children give up their languages and religion. At the same time the schools provided a basic Western education. These boarding schools were first established by Christian missionaries of various denominations. The missionaries were often approved by the federal government to start both missions and schools on reservations, especially in the lightly populated areas of the West. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries especially, the government paid religious orders to provide basic education to Native American children on reservations, and later established its own schools on reservations. The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) also founded additional off-reservation boarding schools based on the assimilation model. These sometimes drew children from a variety of tribes. In addition, religious orders established off-reservation schools.

Emily Eva Mullenger Sloan became the first woman elected to the office of county attorney in Montana in 1924. She won her election as County Attorney in Carbon County, Montana by 33 votes. She was the 22nd female attorney in Montana.

Heidi BigKnife Artist

Heidi BigKnife is a Native American artist living in Oklahoma. She is well known for her unique jewelry, a talent she developed at the Institute of American Indian Art.

Alma Wilson American judge

Alma Bell Wilson was an Oklahoma attorney who was appointed as the second female district judge in the state of Oklahoma in 1975. In 1982, she was elevated as the first woman to serve on the Oklahoma Supreme Court and between 1995 and 1997 was the first woman Chief Justice. Wilson was honored by many awards in her lifetime including induction into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame, the Oklahoma Hall of Fame and was named Appellate Judge of the Year in both 1986 and 1989.

Mary Florence Lathrop (1865–1951) was an American lawyer. She was the first woman to open a law practice in Denver, Colorado and one of the first two female members of the American Bar Association. She was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame in 1987.

Mary Frances Garrigus (1891-1918) was Montana’s first Native American female lawyer.

References

  1. Burke, Bari R. "Early Native American Women Lawyers (or students of law)". Montana's Early Women Lawyers: Trail-Blazing, Big Sky Sisters-in-Law. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  2. Weatherford, Doris (2012-01-20). Women in American Politics: History and Milestones. SAGE. ISBN   9781608710072.
  3. The Law Student's Helper. Collector Publishing Company. 1898.
  4. 1 2 Burke, Bari R. (2016-02-04). "Early Native American Women Lawyers (or students of law)". Montana's Early Women Lawyers: Trail-blazing, Big Sky Sisters-in-Law. Retrieved 2019-08-24.
  5. The Bar. West Virginia Bar Association. 1896.