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A barrister is a type of lawyer in common law jurisdictions. Barristers mostly specialise in courtroom advocacy and litigation. Their tasks include taking cases in superior courts and tribunals, drafting legal pleadings, researching the philosophy, hypothesis and history of law, and giving expert legal opinions.
A lawyer or attorney is a person who practices law, as an advocate, attorney at law, barrister, barrister-at-law, bar-at-law, canonist, canon lawyer, civil law notary, counsel, counselor, solicitor, legal executive, or public servant preparing, interpreting and applying the law, but not as a paralegal or charter executive secretary. Working as a lawyer involves the practical application of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specific individualized problems, or to advance the interests of those who hire lawyers to perform legal services. The role of the lawyer varies greatly across different legal jurisdictions.
An advocate is a professional in the field of law. Different countries' legal systems use the term with somewhat differing meanings. The broad equivalent in many English law–based jurisdictions could be a barrister or a solicitor. However, in Scottish, Manx Law, South African, Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Scandinavian, Polish, Israeli, South Asian and South American jurisdictions, "Advocate" indicates a lawyer of superior classification.
A solicitor is a legal practitioner who traditionally deals with most of the legal matters in some jurisdictions. A person must have legally-defined qualifications, which vary from one jurisdiction to another, to be described as a solicitor and enabled to practise there as such. For example, in England and Wales a solicitor is admitted to practise under the provisions of the Solicitors Act 1974. With some exceptions, practising solicitors must possess a practising certificate. There are many more solicitors than barristers in England; they undertake the general aspects of giving legal advice and conducting legal proceedings.
A law society is an association of lawyers with a regulatory role that includes the right to supervise the training, qualifications, and conduct of lawyers. Where there is a distinction between barristers and solicitors, solicitors are regulated by the law societies and barristers by a separate bar council.
The call to the bar is a legal term of art in most common law jurisdictions where persons must be qualified to be allowed to argue in court on behalf of another party and are then said to have been "called to the bar" or to have received "call to the bar". "The bar" is now used as a collective noun for barristers, but literally referred to the wooden barrier in old courtrooms, which separated the often crowded public area at the rear from the space near the judges reserved for those having business with the court. Barristers would sit or stand immediately behind it, facing the judge, and could use it as a table for their briefs.
A paralegal is a professional who performs tasks that require knowledge of legal concepts but not the full expertise of a lawyer. The market for paralegals is broad, including consultancies, companies that have legal departments or that perform legislation compliance activities in areas such as environment, labor, intellectual property and tax. Legal offices and public bodies also have many paralegals in support activities although they do not yet use the correct name of the profession.
Legal ethics are principles of conduct that members of the legal profession are expected to observe in their practice. They are an outgrowth of the development of the legal profession itself.
The Fiji Law Society is the official body that registers and regulates the activity of all lawyers in Fiji. Historically, the President of the Fiji Law Society was a member ex officio of the Judicial Service Commission.
The New Zealand Law Society is the parent body for barristers and solicitors in New Zealand. It was established in 1869, and regulates all lawyers practising in New Zealand. Membership of the Society is voluntary, although any person wishing to practice law in New Zealand must obtain a practising certificate from the Society. The Society has 13 branch offices throughout the country. Each branch has a president and a council, which represent their members’ interests on a regional and national level.
An admission to practice law is acquired when a lawyer receives a license to practice law. In jurisdictions with two types of lawyer, as with barristers and solicitors, barristers must gain admission to the bar whereas for solicitors there are distinct practising certificates.
The Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) is the regulatory body for solicitors in England and Wales.
The Law Society of British Columbia is the regulatory body for lawyers in British Columbia, Canada.
The Malaysian Bar is a professional body which regulates the profession of lawyers in peninsular Malaysia. In Malaysia, there is no distinction between a barrister and a solicitor, in that, it is a fused profession. Membership into the Bar is automatic and mandatory. The bar was created under the Legal Profession Act 1976. Like other bar associations around the world, it has a wide range of functions, including, to protect the reputation of the legal profession, to uphold the cause of justice, to express its views on matters relating to legislations, and others.
The Law Society of Alberta (LSA) is the self-regulating body for lawyers in Alberta, Canada. Its main office is located in Calgary.
The Law Society of New South Wales is a professional association which represents over 29,000 solicitors in Australia. The Law Society has statutory powers and regulates the practice of law in New South Wales.
The Ghana Bar Association (GBA) is a professional association of lawyers in Ghana, including what used to be called solicitors and barristers but are now called legal practitioners, as well as magistrates. By convention all lawyers admitted to practice in Ghana become automatic members of the association. The first president of the Ghanaian Bar was Sierra Leonean lawyer Frans Dove.
The legal services sector of the United Kingdom is a significant part of the national economy; it had a total output of £22.6 billion in 2013, up from 10.6 billion in 2001, and is equivalent to 1.6% of the country's gross domestic product for that year. The sector has a trade surplus is £3.1 billion in 2013 and directly employees 316,000 people, two-thirds of whom are located outside London. The UK is the world's most international market for legal services. It allows virtually unrestricted access for foreign firms, resulting in over 200 foreign law firms with offices in London and other cities in the UK. Around half of these are US firms, with the remainder mainly from Europe, Australia and Canada. The UK legal market has a strong global position due to the popularity of English law. Some 27% of the world's 320 legal jurisdictions use English Common law.
The History of the American legal profession covers the work, training, and professional activities of lawyers from the colonial era to the present. Lawyers grew increasingly powerful in the colonial era as experts in the English common law, which was adopted by the colonies. By the 21st century, over one million practitioners in the United States held law degrees, and many others served the legal system as justices of the peace, paralegals, marshalls, and other aides.
Sternford Moyo is a Zimbabwean lawyer serving as the current president of International Bar Association. Upon his assumption to the IBA presidium, Sternford became the first person of African descent to lead the organization in its 74 years of existence.
References
- ↑ "'Harassment of lawyers unacceptable' - #Asakhe". CITE. 26 August 2020. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Law society slams Chamisa".
- ↑ "Law Society Of Zimbabwe Drafs Model Constitution". Voazimbabwe.com. 2010-10-28. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Law Society Warns Fraudulent Law Firm". 3 November 2020.
- ↑ "Law Society bars 40 lawyers from practising". Bulawayo 24. 25 May 2018.
- ↑ "Legal aid companies duping clients".
- ↑ Neasa MacErlean (2015-01-22). "A third of Zimbabwe lawyers under investigation by Law Soc". The Global Legal Post. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Law Society of Zimbabwe elects new president".
- ↑ "Wellington Magaya elected Law Society of Zimbabwe president". Zbc News. 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Law Society of Zimbabwe appoints new boss".
- ↑ "Lawyers challenged". 18 December 2017.
- ↑ "Law Society elects first woman president". 11 February 2015.
- ↑ "Law Society of Zimbabwe gets new president".
- ↑ "ASUN.ZW Company Profile & Executives - African Sun LTD. - Wall Street Journal".
- ↑ "New Law Society of Zimbabwe President – CFU Zimbabwe". Cfuzim.com. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe's Influential Law Society Weighs in on Constitution | Voice of America - English". Voanews.com. 2010-11-07. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Top lawyer Joseph James mourned". 30 June 2015.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe Accuses Legal Society of Prejudging Election | Voice of America - English". Voanews.com. 2009-10-30. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe's Moyo takes up IBA presidency | Law Society of Scotland". Lawscot.org.uk. 2021-01-13. Retrieved 2021-06-18.