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Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique, is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Eswatini and South Africa to the southwest. The sovereign state is separated from the Comoros, Mayotte and Madagascar by the Mozambique Channel to the east. The capital and largest city is Maputo.
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Pascoal Manuel Mocumbi was a Mozambican politician who served as Prime Minister from 1994 until 2004. His traditional name was Mahykete.
FRELIMO is a democratic socialist political party in Mozambique. It is the dominant party in Mozambique and has won a majority of the seats in the Assembly of the Republic in every election since the country's first multi-party election in 1994.
The United Nations Operations in Mozambique was a UN peace mission to Mozambique established in December 1992 under Security Council Resolution 797 with the assignment to monitor the implementation of the Rome General Peace Accords agreed upon by the Mozambican president Joaquim Chissano of FRELIMO, the Front for Liberation of Mozambique, and Afonso Dhlakama of RENAMO, the Mozambican National Resistance. The operation was one of the most significant and extensive UN operations and it sought to demobilize and disarm troops, provide humanitarian aid, and oversee the elections. The operation ended in December 1994.
Eduardo Chivambo Mondlane was the President of the Mozambican Liberation Front (FRELIMO) from 1962, the year that FRELIMO was founded in Tanzania, until his assassination in 1969. Born in Mozambique, he was an anthropologist by profession, and worked as a history and sociology professor at Syracuse University before returning to Mozambique in 1963.
Armando Emílio Guebuza is a Mozambican politician who was the third President of Mozambique from 2005 to 2015.
The Mozambican Civil War was a civil war fought in Mozambique from 1977 to 1992. Like many regional African conflicts during the late twentieth century, the impetus for the Mozambican Civil War included local dynamics exacerbated greatly by the polarizing effects of Cold War politics. The war was fought between Mozambique's ruling Marxist Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), the anti-communist insurgent forces of the Mozambican National Resistance (RENAMO), and a number of smaller factions such as the PRM, UNAMO, COREMO, UNIPOMO, and FUMO.
The Mozambican War of Independence was an armed conflict between the guerrilla forces of the Mozambique Liberation Front or FRELIMO and Portugal. The war officially started on September 25, 1964, and ended with a ceasefire on September 8, 1974, resulting in a negotiated independence in 1975.
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The Organization of Mozambican Women is the women's section of FRELIMO. Founded in 1973, during the Mozambican War of Independence, in recognition of women's growing roles in the conflict against Portuguese colonialism, the OMM was created as a non-military structure to promote women's education, emancipation and mobilization. Following independence in 1975, the OMM focussed on issues related to women's education, ethnic division, divorce, family planning, adultery and promiscuity, prostitution, and alcoholism. In 1990, the OMM voted to separate from FRELIMO, although shortly thereafter, the organization re-affiliated.
Esperança Abiatar Muthemba was a Mozambican independence activist and politician. In 1977 she was one of the first group of women elected to the People's Assembly.
The Destacamento Feminino was a group of female guerrillas from the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO), involved in the struggle for independence in Mozambique, founded on March 4, 1967. The emergence of this group was important for the armed struggle and for redefining relations between men and women in Mozambique, and was a precursor to the creation of the Organization of Mozambican Women.
References
- ↑ Pyl, Bianca (2020-04-10). "Mulheres moçambicanas na luta pela independência". Le Monde Diplomatique (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2023-04-11.
- ↑ Carneiro Santos, Amanda (2018). "Lute como uma mulher: Josina Machel e o movimento de libertação em Moçambique (1962- 1980)" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- ↑ Júlia Tainá, Monticeli Rocha (2018). "DO "VENTO DA EMANCIPAÇÃO" À "FORÇA MOTRIZ DA REVOLUÇÃO": A MULHER NOS DISCURSOS DE SAMORA MOISÉS MACHEL (MOÇAMBIQUE) (1973 – 1980)" (PDF). Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- ↑ "MHN: OMM". www.mozambiquehistory.net. Retrieved 2023-04-11.