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Guadeloupe is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands—Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the two inhabited Îles des Saintes—as well as many uninhabited islands and outcroppings. It is south of Antigua and Barbuda and Montserrat and north of the Commonwealth of Dominica. The region's capital city is Basse-Terre, located on the southern west coast of Basse-Terre Island; however, the most populous city is Les Abymes and the main centre of business is neighbouring Pointe-à-Pitre, both located on Grande-Terre Island. It had a population of 384,239 in 2019.
France is divided into eighteen administrative regions, of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France, while the other five are overseas regions.
The overseas departments and regions of France are departments of the French Republic which are outside the continental Europe situated portion of France, known as "metropolitan France". The distant parts have exactly the same status as mainland France's regions and departments. The French Constitution provides that, in general, French laws and regulations apply to French overseas regions the same as in metropolitan France, but can be adapted as needed to suit the region's particular needs. Hence, the local administrations of French overseas regions cannot themselves pass new laws. On occasion referendums are undertaken to re-assess the sentiment in local status.
The Guadeloupe national football team represents the French overseas department and region of Guadeloupe in men's international football. The team is controlled by the Ligue guadeloupéenne de football, a local branch of French Football Federation.
The French overseas collectivities are first-order administrative divisions of France, like the French regions, but have a semi-autonomous status. The COMs include some former French overseas colonies and other French overseas entities with a particular status, all of which became COMs by constitutional reform on 28 March 2003. The COMs differ from overseas regions and overseas departments, which have the same status as metropolitan France but are located outside Europe. As integral parts of France, overseas collectivities are represented in the National Assembly, Senate and Economic and Social Council. Though some are outside the European Union, all can vote to elect members of the European Parliament (MEPs). The Pacific COMs use the CFP franc, a currency pegged to the euro, whereas the Atlantic COMs use the euro itself. As of 31 March 2011, there were five COMs:
The Guadeloupe Communist Party is a political party in the French overseas department of Guadeloupe. The party publishes the newspaper Etincelle.
Morne-à-l'Eau is a commune located in the department of Guadeloupe.
Victorin Lurel is a French politician who represented the 4th district of Guadeloupe in the French National Assembly from 2002 to 2012. He also served as the President of the Regional Council of the French overseas department of Guadeloupe from 2004 until 2015. His term began on 15 August 2004 and was renewed on 14 March 2010. In May 2012, he was made the Minister of Overseas France in Jean-Marc Ayrault's cabinet and was replaced in the national assembly by his supplementary candidate Hélène Vainqueur-Christophe. However, on 23 March 2014, he lost the local elections in Vieux-Habitants, and as of 2 April 2014, he was not reappointed to the Valls Cabinet. On December 13, 2015, he lost the regional elections in Guadeloupe.
Indo-Guadeloupeans are mostly descended from indentured workers who came mostly from South India in the late 19th century. There are currently about 35,617 people of Indian origin living in Guadeloupe, making it home to one of the largest South Indian populations in the Caribbean.
United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible, formerly known as United Guadeloupe, Socialism and Facts, is a political party in the French overseas department of Guadeloupe. The party was founded by Dominique Larifla, a former socialist member of parliament and former president of the Department Council of Guadeloupe. The party is close to the Modern Left and used to have a Senator sitting in the European Democratic and Social Rally. The party has one seat in the French National Assembly, in the group of the Socialist Party. The party also has one seat in the Senate. The party was also formerly aligned with the Left Radical Party and is now aligned with La République En Marche !.
Gabrielle Louis-Carabin was a member of the National Assembly of France, representing Guadeloupe's 2nd constituency from 2002 to 2017 as a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.
Jeanny Marc-Mathiasin is a member of the National Assembly of France. She represented Guadeloupe's 3rd constituency on the Caribbean island of Guadeloupe, and was a member of United Guadeloupe, Solidary and Responsible and sat as part of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche group.
Éric Jalton is a French politician from Guadeloupe who is the current mayor of Les Abymes. He previously was a member of the National Assembly of France, from 2002 to 2017 where he represented the island of Guadeloupe, and was a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.
Ary Chalus is a French politician from Guadeloupe. He was the mayor of Baie-Mahault from April 2001 to December 2015. He was the deputy for Guadeloupe's 3rd constituency in the National Assembly of France from 2012 to 2017, as a member of the GUSR.
Overseas France consists of 13 French-administered territories outside Europe, mostly the remains of the French colonial empire that remained a part of the French state under various statuses after decolonization. Some, but not all, are part of the European Union. "Overseas France" is a collective name; while used in everyday life in France, it is not an administrative designation in its own right. Instead, the five overseas regions have exactly the same administrative status as the metropolitan regions; the five overseas collectivities are semi-autonomous; and New Caledonia is an autonomous territory. Overseas France includes island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, French Guiana on the South American continent, and several peri-Antarctic islands as well as a claim in Antarctica. Excluding the district of Adélie Land, where French sovereignty is effective de jure by French law, but where the French exclusive claim on this part of Antarctica is frozen by the Antarctic Treaty, overseas France covers a land area of 120,396 km2 (46,485 sq mi) and accounts for 18.0% of the French Republic's land territory. Its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of 9,825,538 km2 (3,793,661 sq mi) accounts for 96.7% of the EEZ of the French Republic.
Gerty Archimède was a politician from Guadeloupe who served in the French National Assembly from 1946-1951. She was the first female lawyer to pass the Guadeloupe Bar and the second black woman elected to the French National Assembly, shortly after Eugénie Éboué-Tell.
The 4th constituency of Guadeloupe is a French legislative Constituency in the Overseas department of Guadeloupe. Since 2022, is represented by Élie Califer of the Socialist Party. Guadeloupe is composed of four Constituencies.
Hélène Vainqueur-Christophe is a French politician of the Socialist Party who was elected to the French National Assembly on 10 June 2012 representing the 4th constituency of the department of Guadeloupe. She was re-elected in the 2017 election, but did not contest the 2022 legislative election, which was won by Élie Califer, also of the Socialist Party.
Olivier Serva is a French politician who has represented the 1st constituency of Guadeloupe in the National Assembly since 18 June 2017.
The Departmental Council of Guadeloupe is the deliberative assembly of the French department of Guadeloupe. It is based at the Palace of the General Council.
References
- page on the French National Assembly website (in French)
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