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Lingotto is the name of a district of Turin, Italy, as well as the name of the Lingotto building in Via Nizza. It once housed a car factory built by Italian automotive company Fiat and today houses the administrative headquarters of the manufacturer and a multipurpose centre projected by architect Renzo Piano.
Construction of the building started in 1916 and it was inaugurated in 1923. The design by the young architect Giacomo Matté-Trucco, was unusual in that it had five floors, with raw materials going in at the ground floor, and cars built on a line that went up through the building. Finished cars emerged at rooftop level to go onto the 1.5km long [1] test track. The construction was carried out by the company of G A Porcheddu. It was the largest car factory in the world at that time. For its time, the Lingotto building was avant-garde, influential and impressive— Le Corbusier called it "one of the most impressive sights in industry", and "a guideline for town planning". 80 different models of car were produced there in its lifetime, including the Fiat Topolino of 1936.
By the late 1970s, the factory had become obsolete — having been superseded by the larger and more advanced Fiat Mirafiori factory — and a decision was made to finally close it in 1982. The closure of the plant led to much public debate about its future, and how to recover from industrial decline in general. An architectural competition was held, which was eventually awarded to Renzo Piano, who envisioned an exciting public space for the city. The old factory was restored into a modern complex, with concert halls, theatre, a convention centre, shopping arcades and a hotel. The eastern portion of the building is the headquarters of the Automotive Engineering faculty of the Polytechnic University of Turin. The work was completed in 1989. The track was retained, and can still be visited today on the top floor of the shopping mall and hotel.
Similar rooftop tests tracks exist, including; at Impéria in Nessonvaux in Belgium, and Palacio Chrysler in Buenos Aires, Argentina. [2] From 1928 [3] to 1958, Impéria had a track over 1 km long which was built partially on top of the factory.
Torino Lingotto railway station is served by a number of regional train lines, as well as the Turin Metro (Lingotto M1). It is a central hub, located close to Turin's hospitals (such as CTO Hospital (Turin)), parks (Castello Valentino) and the Lingotto shopping district.
The Lingotto M1 metro station was officially opened on March 6, 2011, connecting Lingotto with Porta Nuova M1 and other destinations.
The Lingotto building is featured extensively in the Alberto Lattuada film Mafioso (1962).
The original Lingotto rooftop test track features briefly in the getaway sequence in the film The Italian Job (1969).
Lingotto is the site of the Oval Lingotto, the speed skating venue for the 2006 Winter Olympics.
The building is also featured in the fourth episode of the 20th season of The Amazing Race , originally aired in the United States on March 11, 2012.
The building and test track was featured on the first episode of James May's Cars of the People.
Renzo Piano is an Italian architect. His notable buildings include the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, The Shard in London (2012), the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City (2015), İstanbul Modern in Istanbul (2022) and Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center in Athens (2016). He won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1998.
Trooz is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.
The Fiat X1/9 is an Italian two-seater mid-engined sports car designed by Bertone and manufactured by Fiat from 1972–1982 and subsequently by Gruppo Bertone from 1982–1989.
Gruppo Bertone, commonly known as Bertone, was an Italian industrial design company which specialized in car styling, coachbuilding and manufacturing. It formerly was also a car manufacturing company. Bertone styled cars for Abarth, Alfa Romeo, Aston Martin, BMW, Citroën, Ferrari, Fiat, Iso, Lancia, Lamborghini, Mercedes-Benz, Opel, and Volvo, among others. In addition, the Bertone studio was responsible for two of the later designs of the Lambretta motorscooter.
The Turin Metro is the modern VAL rapid transit system serving Turin. It is operated by Gruppo Torinese Trasporti (GTT), a public company controlled by the municipality of Turin. The system comprises one 15.1-kilometre line with 23 stations connecting Fermi station in Collegno with Piazza Bengasi in Turin, near the border with the municipality of Moncalieri.
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The Fiat 2300 is a six-cylinder executive car which was produced by Italian automotive manufacturer Fiat between 1961 and 1968. The 2300 was made as saloon, estate car and coupé. The 2300 saloon is noteworthy as in 1966 it became the first Fiat model to be available with an automatic transmission.
Impéria Automobiles was a Belgian manufacturer of automobiles, active between 1906 and 1948. Its factory in Nessonvaux, Liège had a rooftop test track since 1928.
I.DE.A Institute was an automobile design and engineering company in Turin, Italy, founded in 1978 by Franco Mantegazza and architect Renzo Piano, with engineer Peter Rice as Vice President.
Turin is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is mainly on the western bank of the Po River, below its Susa Valley, and is surrounded by the western Alpine arch and Superga hill. The population of the city proper is 843,514, while the population of the urban area is estimated by Eurostat to be 1.7 million inhabitants. The Turin metropolitan area is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 2.2 million.
Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian automobile manufacturer, formerly part of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and since 2021 a subsidiary of Stellantis through its Italian division Stellantis Europe. Fiat Automobiles was formed in January 2007 when Fiat S.p.A. reorganized its automobile business, and traces its history back to 1899, when the first Fiat automobile, the Fiat 4 HP, was produced.
Torino Porta Susa is a railway station in Turin, northern Italy; it is the second busiest mainline station in the city, after Torino Porta Nuova. It is located in Corso Inghilterra.
The Stabilimento di Mirafiori is the headquarters and industrial district of the Italian automobile manufacturer Fiat, a subsidiary of FCA Italy, which is part of Stellantis, and is the headquarters of CNH Industrial Group.
The Alfa Romeo Arese Plant was a plant area where Alfa Romeo had its head office for more than two decades prior to 1986. After Fiat Group purchased Alfa Romeo in 1986, Arese became one of the assembly plants of Fiat Group. The factory is in the Province of Milan in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northwest of Milan. The Arese plant replaced the old Alfa Romeo Portello factory and its construction was started in 1960 and took three years and until the end of the 1990s it was the biggest plant of Alfa Romeo covering a very wide area, partly in the territories of Lainate and Garbagnate Milanese. The factory became known as the Arese plant only because the main entrance is in the municipality of Arese.
Turin is Italy's fourth largest economic center after Rome, Milan and Naples. In 2004, Turin produced a GDP of 25.439 billion euros, 2.2% of the national figure. The Turin greater metropolitan area produced 44.146 billion euros, 3.8% of the Italian GDP. Turin's taxable income was 12.455 billion euros.
North-Western Italian architecture refers to architecture in the North-Western regions of Italy, and their capital cities.
Torino Lingotto railway station is one of the main stations serving the city and comune of Turin, capital of the region of Piedmont, northwestern Italy. The Torino Lingotto metro station is located nearby, and opened on March 6, 2011.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Turin:
The Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli or Pinacoteca Agnelli is an art gallery in Turin, Italy. It opened in 2002 on the top floor of the Lingotto complex, the headquarters of the Italian auto giant Fiat S.p.A. founded in 1899 by Giovanni Agnelli. As part of the complex, Lo scrigno, a 450 square-metre steel structure designed by Renzo Piano, is raised 34 metres off the test track on the roof of the plant. Its style represents a crystal spaceship, referring back to the original building's futuristic style. Its permanent collection is a selection of paintings and sculptures from Gianni and Marella Agnelli's private collection, such as Pierre-Auguste Renoir's Blonde Bather and Édouard Manet's La Négresse, as well as paintings by Henri Matisse, Canaletto, Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Antonio Canova, Pablo Picasso, and Amedeo Modigliani. The gallery also puts on temporary modern art exhibitions.