This is a list of Cardinal protectors of Scotland. Protectors represented the interests of a particular religious institution or nation at the Papal court. [1] This particular office was revitalised upon the establishment of the Scots College in Rome by Pope Clement VIII on 5 December 1600, when it was put under the authority of Cardinal Camillo Borghese. [2] The last Cardinal to hold the office died in 1970. [3] [4]
San Bernardo alle Terme is a Baroque style, Catholic abbatial church located on Via Torino 94 in the rione Castro Pretorio of Rome, Italy. It is owned by the Benedictines.
Sant'Eusebio is a titular church in Rome, devoted to Saint Eusebius of Rome, a 4th-century martyr, and built in the Esquilino rione. One of the oldest churches in Rome, it is a titular church and the station church for the Friday after the fourth Sunday in Lent.
The Pontifical Scots College in Rome is the main seminary for the training of men for the priesthood from the dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church in Scotland. It was established by a bull of Pope Clement VIII on 5 December 1600.
The Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters, or simply the Secretariate of Briefs, was one of the offices of the Roman Curia abrogated in 1967 during Pope Paul VI's reform of the Pontifical court. It was divided into two sections.
Giuseppe Spinelli was an Italian cardinal. He was Prefect of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith
The Suburbicarian Diocese of Palestrina is a Latin suburbicarian diocese centered on the comune of Palestrina in Italy.
The Diocese of Frascati is a Latin suburbicarian see of the Diocese of Rome and a diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy, based at Frascati, near Rome. The bishop of Frascati is a Cardinal Bishop; from the Latin name of the area, the bishop has also been called Bishop of Tusculum. Tusculum was destroyed in 1191. The bishopric moved from Tusculum to Frascati, a nearby town which is first mentioned in the pontificate of Pope Leo IV. Until 1962, the Cardinal-Bishop was concurrently the diocesan bishop of the see. Pope John XXIII removed the Cardinal Bishops from any actual responsibility in their suburbicarian dioceses and made the title purely honorific.
The Scots College was a college of the University of Paris, France, founded by an Act of the Parliament of Paris on 8 July 1333. The act was a ratification of an event that had already taken place, the founding of the Collegium Scoticum, one of a number of national colleges into which the university was divided. The Scots College came to an end in 1793 when the National Convention abolished the colleges and reorganized the university along different lines.
Sant' Andrea degli Scozzesi is a 17th century former Catholic church in Rome, near Piazza Barberini on Via delle Quattro Fontane. Once a haven for Scottish Catholics in Rome and chapel of the Pontifical Scots College, it was deconsecrated in 2004 and still stands.
A crown-cardinal was a cardinal protector of a Roman Catholic nation, nominated or funded by a Catholic monarch to serve as their representative within the College of Cardinals and, on occasion, to exercise the right claimed by some monarchs to veto a candidate for election to the papacy. More generally, the term may refer to any cardinal significant as a secular statesman or elevated at the request of a monarch.
The diocese of Montefiascone was a Catholic ecclesiastical territory in Italy. It was created from the diocese of Bagnorea in 1369. In 1986 was incorporated into the diocese of Viterbo, Acquapendente, Bagnoregio, Montefiascone, Tuscania e San Martino al Monte Cimino. The diocese was immediately subject to the Holy See.
The 1758 papal conclave, convoked after the death of Pope Benedict XIV, elected Cardinal Carlo Rezzonico of Venice, who took the name Clement XIII.
Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili was an Italian Catholic cardinal and nobleman of the Pamphili family. His name is often spelled with the final long i orthography; Pamphilj.
Angus MacFarlane was a Scottish Roman Catholic clergyman who served as the Bishop of Dunkeld from 1901 to 1912.
The 1740 papal conclave, convoked after the death of Pope Clement XII on 6 February 1740, was one of the longest conclaves since the 13th century.
Abbé Paul MacPherson, was a Catholic clergyman who became the first Scottish secular priest appointed rector of the Scots College, Rome.
Pope Paul V created 60 cardinals in ten consistories.
Pope Pius VII created 99 cardinals in 19 consistories.
Mariano Rossi was an Italian painter, persisting in what had become an anachronistic Rococo style amid an ascendant neoclassical environment. His placement legions of figures in a complex scenography and quadrature recalls the work of Pietro da Cortona.