Below is a list of German language exonyms for settlements and other places in Estonia.
Below is a list of German language exonyms for settlements and other places in Estonia.
 Estonia Estland | ||
|---|---|---|
| Estonian place | German name | Notes |
| Ääsmäe | Essemägi | |
| Abja-Paluoja | Abbia | |
| Abruka | Abro | |
| Aegna | Wulf | |
| Aegviidu | Charlottenhof | |
| Ahja | Aga | |
| Aja | ||
| Äksi | Ecks | |
| Alatskivi | Allatzkivi | |
| Albu | Alp | |
| Alu | Alho | |
| Alitn | ||
| Allo(ne) | ||
| Al(l)un | ||
| Al(u)wen | ||
| Alven | ||
| Alutaguse | Allentaken | |
| Ambla | Ampel | |
| Anna | St. Annen | |
| Annikvere | Annigfer | |
| Anseküla | Anseküll | |
| Antsla | Antzen | |
| Arbavere | Arbafer | |
| Ardu | Harde | |
| Arkna | Arknal | |
| Aruküla | Arroküll | |
| Arumetsa | Gutmansbach | |
| Arusaare | Arrosar | |
| Aruvalla | Arowall | |
| Aseri | Asserien | |
| Audru | Audern | |
| Avinurme | Awwinorm | |
| Elistvere | Ellistfer | |
| Emmaste | Emmast | |
| Erastvere | Errastfer | |
| Esku | Esko | |
| Haabersti | Habers | |
| Häädemeeste | Gudmannsbach | |
| Saraküll | ||
| Haage | Haakhof | |
| Haapsalu | Hapsal | |
| Habaja | Habbat | |
| Hageri | Haggers | |
| Hagudi | Haggut | |
| Haimre | Heimar | |
| Haljala | Haljall | |
| Haljava | Hallinap | |
| Halista | Hallistg | |
| Hanila | Hannehl | |
| Hargla | Harjel | |
| Härjanurme | Herjanorm | |
| Harju-Jaani | St. Johannes | |
| Harjumaa | Harrien | |
| Harju-Madise | St. Matthias | |
| Harmi | Alt Harm | |
| Heimtali | Haimthal | |
| Helme | Helmet | |
| Hiiumaa | Dagö | |
| Hirmuste | Hirmus | |
| Hõbeda | Höbbet | |
| Holstre | Holstfershof | |
| Hõreda | Hödel | |
| Hummuli | Hommeln | |
| Huuksi | Hukas | |
| Ihasalu | Ihhasalu | |
| Ihaste | Igast | |
| Iisaku | Isaak | |
| Illuka | Illuck | |
| Illuste | Illust | |
| Ilmjärve | Ilmjerv | |
| Ilumäe | Illomägi | |
| Imavere | Immafer | |
| Imukvere | Immofer | |
| Inju | Innis | |
| Jaagupi | Jacobi | |
| Jägala | Jaggowal | |
| Jälgimäe | Jelgimaggi | |
| Jäneda | Jendel | |
| Järva-Jaani | St. Johannes | |
| Järvakandi | Jervakant | |
| Järvamaa | Jerven | |
| Järva-Madise | St. Matthaei | |
| Järve | Türpsal | |
| Jõelähtme | Jeglecht | |
| Jõgeva | Laisholm | |
| Jõhvi | Jewe | |
| Jõõpre | Jäpern | |
| Jööri | Jöhr | |
| Jüri | Jürgens | |
| Juuru | Jörden | |
| Kaagvere | Kavershof | |
| Kaarepere | Kersel | |
| Kaarma | Karmel | |
| Kabala | Cabbal | |
| Kappel | ||
| Kadrina | Katharinen | |
| Kadriorg | Cathriindal | |
| Kat(h)arinenthal | ||
| Käina | Keinis | |
| Kambja | Kambi | |
| Kalamaja | Die Fischermay | |
| Suddenpe | ||
| Vischermaye | ||
| Kärevere | Kerrafer | |
| Karja | Karris | |
| Karksi | Karkus | |
| Kärstna | Kerstenhof | |
| Käru | Kerro | |
| Karuse | Karusen | |
| Käsmu | Kaspervik | |
| Kassari | Kassar | |
| Kastre | Caster | |
| Kauksi | Kaucks | |
| Kaunissaare | Kaunissaar | |
| Kavastu | Kaaps | |
| Kappes | ||
| Kawast | ||
| Unnas | ||
| Kavastu | Kawast | |
| Saleskyhof | ||
| Keeri | Kehrimois | |
| Kehri | Kedder | |
| Kehtna | Kechtel | |
| Keila | Kegel | |
| Keila-Joa | Fall | |
| Kesselaid | Schildau | |
| Kihelkonna | Kielkond | |
| Kihnu | Kühno | |
| Kiidjärve | Kidjärv | |
| Kiisa | Kisa | |
| Kiiu | Kida | |
| Kiltsi | Ass | |
| Kirbla | Kirbel | |
| Kiviõli | Neu-Isenhof | |
| Klooga | Lodensee | |
| Kodasoo | Kotzum | |
| Kodavere | Kodafer | |
| Koeru | Sankt Marien-Magdalenen | |
| Kohila | Koil | |
| Kohtla-Järve | Kochtel-Türpsal | |
| Koigi | Koik | |
| Kõiguste | Koigust | |
| Kõinastu | Keinast | |
| Kolga | Kolk | |
| Kolga-Jaani | Klein Sankt Johannis | |
| Kõljala | Kölljall | |
| Kolu | Kollo | |
| Kopli | Teghelcoppel | |
| Ziegelskoppel | ||
| Kõpu | Köppo | |
| Kõrgessaare | Hohenholm | |
| Kose | Kosch | |
| Kostivere | Kostifer | |
| Kristiine | Christinthäler | |
| Kuigatsu | Kuikatz | |
| Löwenhof | ||
| Kuivastu | Kuiwast | |
| Kukulinna | Kuckulin | |
| Kullamaa | Goldenbeck | |
| Kuremäe | Püchtitsa | |
| Kuressaare | Arensburg | |
| Kursi | Talkhof | |
| Kuusalu | Kuusal | |
| Lagedi | Laakt | |
| Lahmuse | Lachmes | |
| Laitse | Laitzen | |
| Laiuse | Lais | |
| Lasile | Lassile | |
| Laulasmaa | Laulasma | |
| Lehtse | Lechts | |
| Leisi | Laisberg | |
| Lihula | Leal | |
| Liigvalla | Löwenwalde | |
| Lohu | Loal | |
| Lohusuu | Lohusu | |
| Loksa | Loxa | |
| Loo | Neuenhof | |
| Lüganuse | Luggenhusen | |
| Luke | Lugden | |
| Lümandu | Limmat | |
| Lustivere | Lustifer | |
| Luunja | Lunja | |
| Maardu | Maart | |
| Udiküll | ||
| Maarjamäe | Marienberg | |
| Strietberg | ||
| Mäekula | Mähküll | |
| Mäetaguse | Mehntack | |
| Maidla | Maydel | |
| Männiku | Mönnikorb | |
| Mäo | Mecshof | |
| Märjamaa | Merjama | |
| Martna | St. Martens | |
| Massu | Massau | |
| Matsalu | Matzal | |
| Meeski | Mecks | |
| Mehikoorma | Mehikorem | |
| Merimesta | Seewald | |
| Mõdriku | Mödders | |
| Mõigu | Moik | |
| Mõisaküla | Moiseküll | |
| Mõniste | Mentzen | |
| Mooste | Moisekatz | |
| Muhu | Mohn | |
| Munamägi | Munnamäggi | |
| Muraste | Morras | |
| Mustjala | Mustel | |
| Mustla | Mustlanöm | |
| Mustvee | Tschorna | |
| Muuga | Münkenhof | |
| Nabala | Nappel | |
| Naissaar | Nargen | |
| Narva-Jõesuu | Hungerburg | |
| Navesti | Nawwast | |
| Neeruti | Megel | |
| Nehatu | Nehhat | |
| Noarootsi | Nukkö | |
| Nõo | Nüggen | |
| Nõva | Newe | |
| Nurme | Nurms | |
| Ohtu | Ocht | |
| Õisu | Euseküll | |
| Olustvere | Ollustfer | |
| Orissaare | Orrisaar | |
| Oru | Orrenhof | |
| Osmussaar | Odinsholm | |
| Otepää | Odenpäh | |
| Pada | Paddas | |
| Pädaste | Peddast | |
| Paeküla | Paenküll | |
| Paide | Weissenstein | |
| Paistu | Paistel | |
| Pakri | Rogö | |
| Pala | Palla | |
| Palamuse | Bartholomäi | |
| Paldiski | Baltischport | |
| Palivere | Pallifer | |
| Paljassaare | Karls Insel | |
| Pandivere | Pantifer | |
| Painiidu | Papen-Wiek | |
| Parila | Pergel | |
| Pärnu | Pernau | |
| Paslepa | Paschlep | |
| Paunküla | Paunküll | |
| Pedassaar | Peddasaar | |
| Peningi | Penningby | |
| Piirissaar | Porka | |
| Pirisaar | ||
| Pirita | Brigitten | |
| Mariendal | ||
| Strandorte | ||
| Pöide | Peude | |
| Põllküla | Pöllküll | |
| Põltsamaa | Oberpahlen | |
| Põlva | Pölwe | |
| Pootsi | Potzik | |
| Porkuni | Borkholm | |
| Prangli | Neu-Wrangelshof | |
| Püha | Pyha | |
| Pühajärve | Pühhajerv | |
| Pühajõe | Pühhajoggi | |
| Pühalepa | Pühhalep | |
| Puhja | Cawelecht | |
| Pühtitsa | Pühtitz | |
| Puka | Bockenhof | |
| Purila | Purgel | |
| Püssi | Neu-Isenhof | |
| Raadi | Ratshof | |
| Rääma | Ravassar | |
| Raasiku | Rasik | |
| Rägavere | Reggafer | |
| Raikküla | Raiküll | |
| Rakvere | Wesenberg | |
| Randvere | Randfer | |
| Ranna-Pungerja | Ranna-Pungern | |
| Rannu | Randen | |
| Räpina | Reppin | |
| Rapla | Reppel | |
| Reigi | Roicks | |
| Ridala | Röthel | |
| Riidaja | Morsel-Podrigel | |
| Riisipere | Riesenberg | |
| Risti | Kreuz | |
| Roela | Ruil | |
| Rõngu | Ringen | |
| Rooküla | Rohküll | |
| Roosa | Rosenhof | |
| Rõuge | Rauge | |
| Ruhnu | Runö | |
| Ruila | Ruil | |
| Rutikvere | Ruttigfer | |
| Ruusmäe | Rogosinki | |
| Saadjärve | Sadjerw | |
| Saarde | Saarahof | |
| Saare | Sarenhof | |
| Saaremaa | Ösel | |
| Sagadi | Saggad | |
| Saha | Saage | |
| Saku | Sack | |
| Salutaguse | Sallentacken | |
| Sangaste | Theal | |
| Saue | Friedrichshof | |
| Sikeldi | Siklecht | |
| Sillamäe | Kannoka | |
| Sillamägi | ||
| Sindi | Zintenhof | |
| Sõmerpalu | Sommerpahlen | |
| Sutlepa | Sutlap | |
| Suure-Jaani | Groß St. Johannis | |
| Suuremõisa | Magnushof | |
| Suur-Pakri | Groß Rogoe | |
| Taagepera | Wagenküll | |
| Taebla | Taibel | |
| Taheva | Taiwola | |
| Tahkuranna | Tackerort | |
| Tähtvere | Techelfer | |
| Tallinn | Reval | |
| Tamsalu | Tamsal | |
| Tapa | Taps | |
| Tartu | Dorpat | |
| Tarvastu | Tarwast | |
| Tiskre | Tischer | |
| Tõdva | Tedva | |
| Tõlliste | Teilitiz | |
| Torgu | Torkenhof | |
| Tori | Torgel | |
| Tõrva | Törwa | |
| Tõstama | Testama | |
| Tsooru | Soorhof | |
| Tuhala | Toal | |
| Tuhalaane | Tuhhalaane | |
| Türi | Turgel | |
| Türi-Alliku | Allenküll | |
| Uderna | Uddern | |
| Udriku | Uddrich | |
| Uhtna | Uchten | |
| Ülgase | Ilgas | |
| Urvaste | Antzen | |
| Urbs | ||
| Uuemõisa | Neuenhof | |
| Väätze | Wätz | |
| Vahastu | Wahhast | |
| Väikue-Maarje | Klein-Marien | |
| Väike-Pakri | Klein-Royö | |
| Vainupea | Wainupä | |
| Valga | Walk | |
| Valjala | Wolde | |
| Valkla | Wallküll | |
| Valtu | Waldau | |
| Vändra | Alt-Fennern | |
| Varbla | Werpel | |
| Vasalemma | Wasselem | |
| Vasnarva | Serenitz | |
| Wichtisby | ||
| Vastseliina | Neuhausen | |
| Vastemõisa | Wastemois | |
| Vatla | Wattel | |
| Veroria | Paulenhof | |
| Vigala | Fickel | |
| Vihula | Viol | |
| Viimsi | Wiems | |
| Viljandi | Fellin | |
| Virtsu | Werder | |
| Võhma | Wöchma | |
| Võisiku | Woisek | |
| Võnnu | Wendau | |
| Vopsu | Wöbs | |
| Vormsi | Worms | |
| Võru | Werro | |
| Võsu | Vasso | |
| Võtikvere | Wotikfer | |
An endonym is a common, native name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their homeland, or their language.
Many places in Central Europe, mostly in the former German Empire and Austria-Hungary but now in non-German-speaking countries, traditionally had names in the German language. Many such names have been used for centuries by the German presence in the area dating back to Ostsiedlung, while some others were simply German transliterations of local names or names invented in the 19th and 20th centuries.
An ethnonym is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms and autonyms, or endonyms.
Walk was the historical German name for the town that is since 1920 divided into Valga in Estonia and Valka in Latvia. After 1419 it was the seat of the Landtag of the Livonian Confederation.
Below is a list of German language exonyms for formerly German places and other places in non-German-speaking areas of the world. Archaic names are in italics.
An English exonym is a name in the English language for a place, or occasionally other terms, which does not follow the local usage. Exonyms and endonyms are features of all languages, and other languages may have their own exonym for English endonyms, for example Llundain is the Welsh exonym for the English endonym "London".
Danish language exonyms for non-Danish speaking locations exist, primarily in Europe, but many of these are no longer commonly used, with a few notable exceptions. Rom (Rome), Lissabon, Sankt Petersborg and Prag (Prague) are still compulsory, while e.g. Venedig is more common than Venezia (Venice). In the decades following World War II, there has been a strong tendency towards replacing Danish exonyms with the native equivalent used in the foreign country itself. Possibly this is because many of these Danish forms were imported from German.
Below is list of Estonian language exonyms for places in non-Estonian-speaking countries:
Below is a list of Finnish language exonyms for places in non-Finnish-speaking areas:
As a general rule, modern Norwegian does not use exonyms for names with endonyms in Latin script. Historically, several Danish/German exonyms have been in use, due to the Danish roots of the Bokmål variety of Norwegian, but these exonyms should be considered archaic, and are no longer used officially.
This is a list of Lithuanian language exonyms for places outside the Republic of Lithuania.