German exonyms

Last updated

Below is a list of German language exonyms for formerly German places and other places in non-German-speaking areas of the world. Archaic names are in italics.

Contents

Algeria

Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Algerien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Algiers AlgierAl-Jazā'ir Arabic

Belarus

Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus Weißrussland
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Grodno Garten [1] Hrodna Belarusian Archaic

Belgium

Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Belgien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Antwerp AntorffAntwerpen Dutch Archaic
Bruges BrüggeBrugge Dutch
Brussels BrüsselBrussel Dutch
Bruxelles French
Leuven LöwenLeuven Dutch
Liège LüttichLidje Walloon
Liège French
Ostend OstendeOostende Dutch

China

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Beijing PekingBeijing Mandarin
Guangzhou KantonGuangzhou Mandarin
Jiaozhou KiautschouJiaozhou Mandarin
Nanjing NankingNanjing Mandarin
Qingdao TsingtauQingdao Mandarin

Croatia

Cyprus

Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus Zypern
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Nicosia NikosiaLefkosía (Λευκωσία) Greek
Lefkoşa Turkish

Czech Republic

Denmark

Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Dänemark
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Copenhagen KopenhagenKøbenhavn Danish

Djibouti

Flag of Djibouti.svg  Djibouti Dschibuti
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Djibouti DschibutiVille de Djibouti French

Egypt

Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Ägypten
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Cairo Kairoal-Qāhirah Arabic

Estonia

Faroe Islands

Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg  Faroe Islands Färöer Inseln
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Akraberg ÄckerkliffAkraberg Faroese
Gásadalur GänsetalGásadalur Faroese
Hoyvík HeubuchtHoyvík Faroese
Haldórsvík HalldórsbuchtHaldórsvík Faroese
Kirkjubøur KirchdorfKirkjubøur Faroese
Miðvágur MittelbuchtMiðvágur Faroese
Syðradalur SüdtalSyðradalur Faroese
Tórshavn ThorshavenTórshavn Faroese
Vestmanna WestmännerhafenVestmanna Faroese

France

Flag of France.svg  France Frankreich
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Colmar KolmarColmar French
Dunkirk DünkirchenDunkerque French
Mulhouse MülhausenMulhouse French
Nice NizzaNice French
Strasbourg StraßburgStrasbourg French

Georgia

Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia Georgien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Tbilisi TiflisTbilisi Georgian

Greece

Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Griechenland
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Athens AthenAthína Greek
Corfu KorfuKérkyra Greek
Corinth KorinthKórinthos Greek
Piraeus PiräusPiraiás Greek
Thebes ThebenThiva Greek
Crete KretaKríti Greek
Rhodes RhodosRódos Greek

Hungary

India

Flag of India.svg  India Indien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Kolkata KalkuttaKolkata Bengali

Israel

Flag of Israel.svg  Israel
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Acre Akkon, AkkoAko Hebrew
Alonei Abba WaldheimAloney Abba Hebrew Archaic
Ashkelon AscalonAshkelon Hebrew
Bnei Atarot WilhelmaBney Atarot Hebrew Archaic
Daburiyya TaborDaburiyya Hebrew
Kafr Kanna KanaKafr Kanna Hebrew
Kfar Tavor Kfar TaborKfar Tavor Hebrew
Lod LyddaLod Hebrew
Netzer Sereni Bir SalemNetzer Sereni Hebrew Used for times before 1948
Sea of Galilee See GenezarethYamat HaKineret Hebrew
Sharona SaronaSharona Hebrew Used for times before 1948

Italy

Flag of Italy.svg  Italy
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Agrigento AgrigentAgrigento Italian
Brescia BrixenBrescia Italian Archaic: Wälsch-Brixen
Florence FlorenzFirenze Italian
Genoa GenuaGenova Italian
Gorizia GörzGorizia Italian
Milan MailandMilano Italian
Naples NeapelNapoli Italian
Rome RomRoma Italian
Syracuse SyrakusSiracusa Italian
Taranto TarentTaranto Italian
Trento TrientTrento Italian
Trieste TriestTrieste Italian
Venice VenedigVenezia Italian
Verona Wälsch-BernVerona Italian Archaic

Japan

Flag of Japan.svg  Japan
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Tokyo TokioToukyou Japanese

Latvia

Lebanon

Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Libanon
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Tripoli Tripoli(s)Ṭarabulus Arabic
Tyre TyrusṢūr Arabic

Libya

Flag of Libya.svg  Libya Libyen
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Tripoli TripolisṬarabulus Arabic

Lithuania

Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Litauen
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Alytus AlittenAlytus Lithuanian
Kretinga CrottingenKretinga Lithuanian
Gargždai GarsdenGargždai Lithuanian
Kaunas KauenKaunas Lithuanian
Klaipėda MemelKlaipėda Lithuanian
Nida NiddenNida Lithuanian
Pagėgiai PogegenPagėgiai Lithuanian
Palanga PolangenPalanga Lithuanian
Panevėžys PonewieschPanevėžys Lithuanian
Rusnė RußRusnė Lithuanian
Saugos SaugenSaugos Lithuanian
Šiauliai SchaulenŠiauliai Lithuanian
Šilutė HeydekrugŠilutė Lithuanian
Tauragė TauroggenTauragė Lithuanian
Ukmergė WilkomirUkmergė Lithuanian
Vilkyčiai WilkietenVilkyčiai Lithuanian
Vilnius WilnaVilnius Lithuanian

Luxembourg

Note that this list only includes towns whose German name is significantly different from the official (mainly French) form. Towns that differ with predictable spelling/ ending changes shown below are not included.

Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Luxemburg
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
BellainBesslingenBellain
Bavigne Böwen Bavigne
Beaufort Befort Beaufort
Belair Neumerl Belair
Belvaux Beles Belvaux
Berlé Berl Berlé
BicherhaffBicherhofBicherhaff
Bigonville Bondorf Bigonville
Blaschette Blanscht Blaschette
Boevange Bögen Boevange
Boevange-sur-Attert Bögen an der Attert Boevange-sur-Attert
Bollendorf-Pont Bollendorferbrück Bollendorf-Pont
Born-MoulinBornmühlenBorn-Moulin
Boulaide Basuchleiden Boulaide
Bourscheid-MoulinBurscheidermühleBourscheid-Moulin
Brouch Bruch Brouch
BurschtermillenBurschtermühlenBurschtermillen
CarelshaffKarlshoffCarelshaff
Cessange Zessingen Cessange
CharageKerschenCharage
Clemency Küntzig Clemency
Clervaux Clerf Clervaux
ColbetteKolbetColbette
Cruchten Krüchten Cruchten
Dabourg-PontDasburgerbrückDabourg-Pont
Doncols Donkholz Doncols
Eschette Brescht Eschette
FensterdallFenstertalFensterdall
Folschette Fulscht Folschette
FréiresmillenFreiersmühlenFréiresmillen
GroëstaenGrünsteinGroëstaen
Hachiville Helzingen Hachiville
Hamiville Heinsch Hamiville
HongerhaffHungerhoffHongerhaff
KappellebourKappellenburKappellebour
Klenge BourghaffKleiner BurghofKlenge Bourghaff
KoenerhaffKönnerhaffKoenerhaff
KoeschettteKöschtKoeschettte
KreizKreuzKreiz
Lamadelaine Rollingen Lamadelaine
Larochette Fels Larochette
Meysembourg Meisemburg Meysembourg
Michelbouch Michelbuch Michelbouch
MichelsbiergMichelsbergMichelsbierg
MierschgronnMierschgrundMierschgronn
Mondercange Monnerich Mondercange
Mondorf-les-Bains Bad Mondorf Mondorf-les-Bains
Moulin de BigonvilleBondorfermühleMoulin de Bigonville
Moutfort Mutfurt Moutfort
NeihaisgenNeuhäuschenNeihaisgen
Perlé Perl Perlé
Petit-NobressartKlein ElcherodtPetit-Nobressart
Pontpierre Steinbrücken Pontpierre Both names mean "stone bridge"
Quarte-VentsVierwindenQuarte-VentsBoth names mean "four winds"
Roodt-lès-EllRodt bei EllRoodt-lès-Ell
Roodt-sur-Eisch Rodt an der Eisch Roodt-sur-Eisch
Roodt-sur-Syre Rodt an der Syre Roodt-sur-Syre
RoudenhaffRodenhofRoudenhaff
Sanem Sassenheim Sanem
Septfontaines Simmern Septfontaines
Soleuvre Zolver Soleuvre
Sonlez Soller Sonlez
Surré Syr Surré
Tarchamps Ischpelt Tarchamps
Troine Trotten Troine
Troisvierges Ulflingen Troisvierges
Wallendorf-Pont Wallendorferbrück Wallendorf-Pont
Wincrange Wintger Wincrange

Moldova

Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova Moldawien
Moldovan placeGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Chișinău Kischenau, Kischinau, Kischinew Chișinău Romanian
Cioburciu ( Transnistria )Hirtenheim Cioburciu ( Transnistria ) Romanian
Rîșcani Ryschkanowka Rîșcani Romanian
Soltoaia Scholtoi Soltoaia Romanian
Valea Norocului Glückstal Valea Norocului Romanian

Morocco

Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Marokko
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Essaouira Mogadoraṣ-Ṣawīra Arabic outdated

Myanmar

Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Yangon RangunYangon Burmese Compare dated English Rangoon

Namibia

Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Walvis Bay Walfischbucht, WalfischbaiWalvis Bay Afrikaans
Windhoek WindhukWindhoek Afrikaans

Netherlands

Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Die Niederlande
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Arnhem ArnheimArnhem Dutch
Boskoop BoskopBoskoop Dutch
Kerkrade KirchrathKerkrade Dutch
Nieuweschans NeuschanzNieuweschans Dutch
Nijmegen NimwegenNijmegen Dutch
Roermond RurmundRoermond Dutch
's-Hertogenbosch Herzogenbusch's-Hertogenbosch Dutch
Swalmen SchwalmenSwalmen Dutch
The Hague Den HaagDen Haag Dutch No definite article
Ubach over Worms WaubachUbach over Worms Dutch
Wahlwiller WahlweilerWahlwiller Dutch

North Korea

Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Nordkorea
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Pyongyang PjöngjangPyǒngyang Korean

Norway

Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Norwegen
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Trondheim DrontheimTrondheim Norwegian Obsolete; briefly used during World War II

Papua New Guinea

Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg  Papua New Guinea Papua Neuguinea
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Kokopo HerbertshöheKokopo

Poland

Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Polen
English nameGerman nameEndonymInhabitant and surname
NameLanguage
Bydgoszcz BrombergBydgoszcz Polish Bromberger
Gdańsk DanzigGdańsk Polish Danziger
Katowice KattowitzKatowice Polish Kattowitzer
Kraków KrakauKraków Polish Krakauer
Poznań PosenPoznań Polish Posener
Szczecin StettinSzczecin Polish Stettiner
Warsaw WarschauWarszawa Polish Warschauer
Wrocław BreslauWrocław Polish Breslauer

Portugal

Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Lisbon LissabonLisboa Portuguese

Romania

Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Rumänien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Bacău BakauBacău Romanian Archaic
Baia Mare FrauenbachBaia Mare Romanian Archaic
Botoșan BotoschanBotoșan Romanian Archaic
Brașov KronstadtBrașov Romanian Archaic
Bucharest BukarestBucurești Romanian
Buzău BusäuBuzău Romanian Archaic
Câmpulung LangenaCâmpulung Romanian Archaic
Cluj-Napoca KlausenburgCluj-Napoca Romanian Archaic
Constanța Konstanz(a)Constanța Romanian Archaic
Craiova Kragau, KrajowaCraiova Romanian Archaic
Curtea de Argeș ArgischCurtea de Argeș Romanian Archaic
Focșani FokschanFocșani Romanian Archaic
Galați GalatzGalați Romanian Archaic
Giurgiu Sankt Georg, ZurzGiurgiu Romanian Archaic
Hunedoara EisenmarktHunedoara Romanian Archaic
Iași JassyIași Romanian Archaic
Oradea GroßwardeinOradea Romanian Archaic
Piatra Neamț Kreuzburg an der BistritzPiatra Neamț Romanian Archaic
Pitești PiteskPitești Romanian Archaic
Râmnicu Sărat Rebnick, RümnickRâmnicu Sărat Romanian Archaic
Râmnicu Vâlcea Königsberg, WultschRâmnicu Vâlcea Romanian Archaic
Reșița Reschitz(a)Reșița Romanian Archaic
Roman RomesmarkRoman Romanian Archaic
Satu Mare SathmarSatu Mare Romanian Archaic
Sibiu HermannstadtSibiu Romanian Archaic
Sighișoara SchäßburgSighișoara Romanian Archaic
Slatina ZelatnaSlatina Romanian Archaic
Slobozia FreisdtadtSlobozia Romanian Archaic
Suceava SuczawaSuceava Romanian Archaic
Târgoviște TergowischTârgoviște Romanian Archaic
Târgu Jiu TergoschwylTârgu Jiu Romanian Archaic
Târgu Mureş NeumarktTârgu Mureş Romanian Archaic
Timișoara Temeschburg, TemeswarTimișoara Romanian Archaic
Tulcea Tultscha, TultschsTulcea Romanian Archaic
Turnu Măgurele GroßnikopelTurnu Măgurele Romanian Archaic

Russia

Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Russland
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Gatchina LindemannstadtGatchina Russian Was renamed during WW2, but switch back after the war.
Kaliningrad KönigsbergKaliningrad Russian Archaic, founded with German name
LomonosovOranienbaumLomonosov Russian Archaic; founded with German name
Moscow MoskauMoskva Russian
Saint Petersburg Sankt PetersburgSankt Peterburg Russian Founded with German name
Shlisselburg SchlüsselburgShlisselburg Russian Archaic, founded with German name
Yekaterinburg KatharinenburgYekaterinburg Russian Archaic, founded with German name

Serbia

For German place names in the Vojvodina region, please see: German exonyms (Vojvodina)

Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia Serbien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Belgrade BelgradBeograd Serbian

Slovakia

Slovenia

South Africa

Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Südafrika
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Cape Town KapstadtKaapstad Afrikaans
Cape Town English
iKapa Xhosa

Spain

Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Spanien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Aragón AragonienAragón Aragonese
Balearic Islands BalearenIlles Balears Catalan
Canary Islands KanarenIslas Canarias Spanish
Tenerife TeneriffaTenerife Spanish
Zaragoza SaragossaZaragoza Spanish

Sweden

Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Schweden
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Gothenburg Göteborg (Gotenburg)Göteborg Swedish
Scania SchonenSkåne Swedish

Switzerland

Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Schweiz
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Delémont Delsberg Delémont French
Geneva GenfGenève French
Neuchâtel Neuenburg Neuchâtel French
Sion Sitten Sion French

Syria

Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Syrien
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Damascus DamaskusDimashq Arabic

Taiwan

Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Taipei TaipehTaipeiGerman name from Hokkien endonym

Tanzania

All of the below names are now obsolete. They were formerly used when Tanzania was part of the colony of German East Africa.

Flag of Tanzania.svg  Tanzania Tansania
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Galula St. MoritzGalula
IgulwaMariahilfIgulwa
IkombeAlt-LangenburgIkombe
IlembuleEmmabergIlembule
Kasanga Bismarckburg, WißmannhafenKasangaGerman names referred to two different cities
KazimzumbwiKaiseraueKazimzumbwi
Kirondatal KirondathalKirondatal
KizaraweHoffnungshöhKizarawe
LegangaLeudorfLeganga
Liuli SphinxhafenLiuli
LumbiraNeu-LangenburgLumbira
Lushoto Wilhelmsdorf, WilhelsmthalLushoto
Manda WeidhafenManda
Mbulu Neu-TrierMbulu
MibiriziBergfriedenMibirizi
MikeseNeu-BonnMikese
Mlalo  [ sw ]HohenfriedbergMlalo
MnaziNeu-BethelMnazi
Nansio PeterswerftNansio
NyakanaziFriedbergNyakanazi
RomboFischerstadtRombo
Sekenke SachsenwaldSekenke
Shume Neu-HornowShume
Tukuyu LangenburgTukuyu
Ushetu MarienthalUshetu
Uvinza GottorpUvinza

Turkey

Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Türkei
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Antakya AntiochiaAntakya Turkish Archaic
Edirne AdrianopelEdiren Turkish Archaic
Ephesus EphesosEfes Turkish
Gallipoli GallipoliGelibolu Turkish
Halicarnassus HalikarnassosHalikarnas Turkish
Istanbul Byzanzİstanbul Turkish Archaic
Istanbul Konstantinopelİstanbul Turkish Archaic
İzmir Smyrnaİzmir Turkish Archaic
Trabzon TrapezuntTrabzon Turkish Archaic
Troy TrojaTruva Turkish

Ukraine

Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
BazaryankaSchulzheimBazaryankaFounded with German name
BelenkoyeSchabolatBelenkoyeFounded with German name
Berehove Bergsaß, LampertshausBerehove
Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky AkkermanAkkerman
Buschtyno Buschtyn an der TheißBuschtyno
Chernivtsi Czernowitz/ TschernowitzChernivtsi
Chernobyl TschernobylChernobyl
Dubove Dombau, DomboDubove
Ivano-Frankivsk StanislauIvano-Frankivsk
GeorgievkaMarientalGeorgievkaFounded with German name
GlinnayaGlückstalGlinnayaFounded with German name
KarmanovaNeudorfKarmanovaFounded with German name
Khust HußtKhust
Kolosova BergdorfKolosovaFounded with German name
Komarivka KasselKomarivkaFounded with German name
Korolevo Königsfeld an der TheißKorolevo
Lviv LembergLviv
Mukachevo MunkatschMukachevo
Rakhiv RauhauRakhiv
Rivne RöwneRivne
SergeievkoJosefstalSergeievkoFounded with German name
Sevastopol SewastopolSevastopol
ShaboSchabo KolonieShaboFounded with German name
Solotvyno SalzgrubenSolotvyno
Svaliava Schwal(l)bachSvaliava
Tiachiv GroßteutschenauTiachiv
Uzhhorod Ungarish Burg, Ungstadt, UngwarUzhhorod
Vinnytsia WinnizaVinnytsia

United Kingdom

Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Vereinigtes Königreich
English nameGerman nameEndonymNotes
NameLanguage
Birmingham BermingheimBirmingham English Archaic
Canterbury Kantelberg, KanterbergCanterbury English Archaic
Channel Islands Kanalinseln, Normannische InselnChannel Islands English
Dover Strait Straße von CalaisDover Strait English
Edinburgh EdinburgEdinburgh Scots
Dùn Èideann Scottish Gaelic
English Channel ÄrmelkanalEnglish Channel English
Orkney OrkadenOrkney Scots Archaic
Scalloway SchaldewageScalloway Scots Archaic
Scotland SchottlandScotland Scots
Alba Scottish Gaelic
Thames ThemseThames English
White Cliffs of Dover Kreidefelsen von DoverWhite Cliffs of Dover English

See also

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References

  1. "Das Virtuelle Preußische Urkundenbuch". University of Hamburg. 2017. Retrieved 2021-10-05.