Glossary of Arabic toponyms

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The glossary of Arabic toponyms gives translations of Arabic terms commonly found as components in Arabic toponyms. A significant number of them were put together during the PEF Survey of Palestine carried out in the second half of the 19th century.

Contents

A

'Ain, pl.: `Ayūn, ʿUyūn
Spring, fountain, source. [1] Examples: El Aaiún
Ab, Abu
Father; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.; [1]
Arak, pl.: Arkan
Cavern or cliff (among various meanings); [1] see All pages with titles containing Arak

B

Bab, pl.: Buwab
Gate. [1] Examples Bab el-Mandeb; see All pages with titles containing Bab
Baḥr
Arabic: بحر - Sea, large river. [1] see All pages with titles containing Bahr
Beit
House. [1] see All pages with titles containing Beit
Balad
Arabic: بلد (sometimes transliterated as Beled or Belled) - Town; [1] see All pages with titles containing Balad
Bir
Arabic: بير, Well; [1] see All pages with titles containing Bir
Birkeh
Artificial pool, tank; [1] see All pages with titles containing Birkeh
Buḥayra, Baḥeirah
Arabic: بحيرة, Lake, lagoon; [1] Diminutive of بَحْر (baḥr, “sea”).
Burj
Arabic: برج, Tower, castle; [1] see All pages with titles containing Burj

C

Casbah
a kind of medina (old city) or fortress; cf. "Qasba"; see All pages with titles containing Casbah

D

Deir
wikt:دير monastery, convent, cloister (often ruins thereof); [1] see All pages with titles containing Deir
Derb
wikt:درب road, pass; [1] see All pages with titles containing Derb
Dhahr
wikt: ridge; [1] All pages with titles containing Dhahr

H

Haram
Sacred place; [1] see All pages with titles containing Haram
Haud
Reservoir, [1] pond; see All pages with titles containing Haud

I

Ibn
Son; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc. [1] see All pages with titles containing Ibn

J

Jama'a, Djama'a, Jami'a
place of gathering, community, mosque; [1]
Jazira, Jezireh, Jeziret
Island; [1]
Jebel, Djebel, Jebal, Jabal
mountain; [1]
Jisr
bridge; [1] see All pages with titles containing Jisr
Jubb
(Arabic: جُبّ ): well, pit; [1] see All pages with titles containing Jubb

K

Kasbah, Kasba, Kasaba
See Qasba
Khirbet, Khurbet, Khirbat, etc.
is the conjunctive form "ruin of" (خربة) of the Arabic word for "ruin" (خرب, khirba, kharab ("ruined"))
Ksar, qsar, plural: ksour, qsour
Maghrebi Arabic; See "Qasr"
Kul'ah, [1] Kal'at, Kalat, Kala, Kaleh
Arabic, Persian. See "Qalat"

M

Mazar
مزار: shrine, grave, tomb, etc. cf. "Mazar (mausoleum)". The placename usually refers to a grave of a saint, ruler, etc.. Examples: Mazar-i-Sharif
Mazra', Mazra'a, Al-Mazra'a, Mazraa
مزرعة, mazraʿa: farm, مزرع, mazraʿ: field, farmland, origin for majra, hamlet in Indian subcontinent [2]

N

Nahr
wikt:نهر, river, e.g., Nahr-e Mian; see All pages with titles containing Nahr-e

O

Oued
In North African Arabic, same as Wadi; see All pages with titles containing Oued

Q

Qabr, Kabr, pl.:Qubūr
Arabic: قَبْر, pl. Arabic: قُبُور - tomb, grave [1]
Qal'at, Qalat, Qala, Qalaat, Qal'a
Arabic, Persian. Fortified place, fort, fortress, castle; [3] see All pages with titles containing Qalat
Casbah, Kasbah, Qaṣba, Qaṣbah, Qaṣaba
Arabic: القصبة, romanized: al-qaṣaba), a kind of medina (old city) or fortress
Qaṣr, Kaṣr, al-Qaṣr, pl.:Quṣūr
Arabic: قصر, lit.'palace/castle/fortress', from Latin castrum

Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg The dictionary definition of qasr at Wiktionary

R

Ras
wikt:رأس, head, cape, top, peak, etc., [1] see All pages with titles containing Ras
Rujm, plural: rujum
wikt:رجم, mound, cairn, hill, spur, and also as "stone heap" or "tumulus". [4] [5] [1]

S

souk, sūq, souq
wikt:سوق, "market"

U

Umm
Mother; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.; cf. "Mother of all"; [1] see All pages with titles containing Umm

W

Wadi, Wad, North African Arabic: see Oued
Watercourse: stream (often intermittent stream), sometimes dry waterbed, valley [1]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 C.R. Conder; H.H. Kitchener (1880). Map of western Palestine in 26 sheets / from surveys conducted for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund by C.R. Conder and H.H. Kitchener during the years 1872-1877. London: Ordnance Survey Office. Index sheet (27): Topographical and Geographical Terms in Arabic. OCLC   1166941168.
  2. Siddiqi 1982, p. 335.
  3. Siddiqi & Bastian 1985, p. 74.
  4. Mann 2005, p. 139
  5. Negev & Gibson 2005, p.  518

Sources