This is a list of German exonyms for places in Croatia.
The entire territory that belongs today to the Republic of Croatia, was governed by Austria-Hungary until 1918, and some Hungarian exonyms became common in German, and have been used interchangeably with the German exonym for a period. These Hungarian names are noted below. Additionally, parts of these territories ruled by Austria-Hungary were formerly governed by the Republic of Venice, the Republic of Ragusa, and the Kingdom of Italy, and Italian names also migrated to German usage; these names are also noted.
Not included are translations of non-proper nouns, names spelled the same, and names respelled to match German pronunciation rules.
Croatia Kroatien | ||
---|---|---|
Croatian place | German name | Notes |
Adžamovci | Rittersturn | |
Anderturn | Tar | |
Andrijaševci | Sankt Andreas | |
Anton | Sankt Anton | |
Bačevak | Bauk | |
Baderna | Mumpadern | Compare Italian Monpaderno |
Badljevina | Abtei | |
Bakar | Buccari | German uses Italian name |
Banjevci | Turn | |
Bapska | Bapskau | |
Barban | Barben | |
Baranja | Branau | |
Baška | Weschke | |
Baška Voda | Bast | |
Bastaji | Bastei | |
Benkovac | Bencovazzo | German uses Italian name |
Beketinci | Sankt Niklas | |
Bektež | Bektess | |
Beli | Kaißol | Compare Italian Caisole |
Benićanci | Sankt Benedikt | |
Benkovac | Sankt Benedikt | |
Beram | Burgerdorf | |
Beravci | Beresslau | |
Beričanci | Gradatz | |
Bibalist | Koritna | |
Bijela | Bela | |
Bijela Stijena | Sankt Maria | |
Bijelo Brdo | Wellibardo | |
Bilišane | Willigradt | |
Biljak | Williak | |
Biškupci | Biskupetz | |
Bjelanovci | Wellenowatz | |
Bjelovar | Belowar | |
Bocanjevci | Agminor | |
Bogatić | Wogatischen | |
Boljun | Vaniol | |
Borovik | Borowach | |
Borovo | Worow | |
Borut | Warut | |
Botonega | Woltenegg | |
Brest | Bräx | |
Brixel | ||
Breza | Prisach | |
Brežanovci | Brischanowatz | |
Brezik | Georgshof | |
Breznica | Bresnitz | |
Brežnica | Preßnitz | |
Brgud | Burgatz | |
Bribir | Pribier | |
Brnaza | Bernabeck | |
Brnobići | Verbonitz | |
Brodski Drenovac | Drenowitz | |
Brodski Stupnik | Stolpnik | |
Brseč | Berschetz | |
Brtonigla | Ortenegl | |
Budrovci | Sankt Lorenz | |
Buk | Buchol | |
Bušetina | Buschentz | |
Buzet | Pinquent | Compare Italian Pinguente |
Cabuna | Sankt Georg | |
Čačvina | Zazwin | |
Cavtat | Alt Ragus | Compare Italian Ragusavecchia |
Čeminac | Laskafeld | |
Čepić | Pitsch | |
Čepinski Martinci | Sankt Martin | |
Cerna | Asorn | |
Cerovlje | Zerolach | |
Cetina | Zentina | |
Ciglenik | Zieglenik | |
Čikat | Tschigale | |
Cittanova | Neuenburg | |
Cremušina | Sirtsch | |
Crnac | Arnotz | |
Črnotiče | Tschernotisch | |
Croatian Littoral | Kroatisches Küstenkand | |
Dalj | Dallia | |
Dalmatia | Dalmatien | |
Daruvar | Darowar | |
Dežanovac | Deschanowatz | |
Đakovo | Diakowar | |
Dioš | Dioschwar | |
Dobrinj | Dobrauen | |
Dolenj Vas | Niederdorf | |
Donj Tučepi | Sankt George in Dalmatien | |
Donja Bebrina | Arbei | |
Donja Brela | Wrulitz | Once the same city as Gornja Brela |
Donja Vrba | Untere Weide | |
Donja Vriješka | Sankt Anna | |
Donje Vinovo | Wenowitz | |
Donji Andrijevci | Sankt Andreas | |
Donji Bogićevci | Sagowia | |
Donji Gravholjani | Owar | Compare Hungarian Óvár |
Donji Muć | Petrois | |
Dragović | Dragowitz | |
Drenovci | Drenowitz | |
Drivenik | Drewenick | |
Drniš | Ternisch | |
Dubovac Okučanski | Dubowatz | |
Dubraja | Kloster | |
Dubrave | Paßberg | |
Dubronić | Dubrochnitsch | |
Dubrovnik | Ragus | Compare Italian Ragusa |
Đulovac | Wercke | |
Đurđenovac | Sankt Georg | |
Đurđenovac | Sankt Georgen | |
Đurđevac | Sankt Georgwar | Compare Hungarian Szentgyörgyvár |
Đurići | Sankt Georg | |
Dvori | Neuenburg | |
Erdut | Erdung | |
Erešnjevica | Zensorgwartz | |
Ernestinovo | Ernestinenhof | |
Fažana | Wazan | |
Ferovac | Wärwitz | |
Filožići | Sankt Niklas | |
Forkuševci | Forkuschewitz | |
Gabonjin | Boachen | |
Gabrovica | Gambrovitz | |
Garčin | Garzin | |
Glavotok | Sankt Maria | |
Golaz | Kartsberg | |
Gologorica | Gologoritz | |
Golubić | Golubschitsch | |
Gorenja Vas | Oberdorf | |
Goričac | Gortzetz | |
Gorjani | Görrach | |
Gornja Brela | Wrulitz | Once the same city as Donja Brela |
Gornja Slivnica | Slimwitz | |
Gornje Ogorje | Gurbitz | |
Gornji Gravholjani | Oberwar | |
Goveđe Polje | Ostenitz | |
Grab | Grau | |
Grabovac | Albertfeld | |
Grabovicna | Grabornitz | |
Gradac | Gradatsch | |
Gradina | Grägen | |
Gradinje | Gutteneck | |
Gradište | Christburg | |
Grdo Selo | Grünenburg | |
Grimalda | Grimmelz | |
Grobnik | Grobnich | |
Grožnjan | Krisingan | Compare Italian Grisignana |
Grubišno Polje | Poglack | |
Harkanovci | Kawinz | |
Hercegovac | Herzogsturn | |
Hrastin | Chrastin | |
Hrastovac | Eichendorf | |
Hrkanovci Đakovački | Hergowitz | |
Hrvace | Charwitz | |
Hum | Cholm | Compare Italian Colmo |
Gothenburg | ||
Hvar | Lesina | German uses Italian name |
Ičevo | Nietschewo | |
Ika | Wichau | |
Ilok | Illack | |
Imotica | Imotitz | |
Imotski | Eimot | |
Imotski | Imoschi | German uses Italian name |
Istarske Toplice | Niedergrund | |
Istria | Istrien | |
Ivanovo Polje | Sankt Johann | |
Ivanovo Selo | Johannesdorf | |
Ivoševci | Zutsch | |
Jakšić | Chweimen | |
Jarmina | Hermann | |
Jesenik | Jassig | |
Jezenovik | Jeschenwick | |
Jezero | Seedorf | |
Josipovac | Ober Josefsdorf | |
Josipovac | Sankt Josef | |
Jurjevac Punitovački | Sankt Georg | |
Kalinovac | Bersewitz | |
Kamensko | Kamengröl | |
Kamensko | Kaminach | |
Kapan | Antonifeld | |
Kapelna | Sankt Niklas | |
Kaptol | Kapitel | |
Karinz | Charinz | |
Karlovac | Karlstadt | |
Kašćerga | Kastern | |
Kastav | Chästau | |
Kaštel Žegarski | Schegar | |
Klana | Klan | |
Klanec | Klainz | |
Klenovšćak | Klem | |
Klis | Chliss | |
Kljake | Klik | |
Klokočevac Ilovski | Illau | |
Kloštar | Kloster | |
Knemca | Knemica | |
Knin | Tenin | German uses Italian (Venetian) name |
Končanica | Zaokuntsch | |
Konjevrate | Kullikwrate | |
Kopanica | Kopanitz | |
Koprivnica | Kopreinitz | |
Korčula | Curzola | German uses Italian name |
Koreničani | Unter Stopranitz | |
Korog | Koroch | |
Korušce | Korisge | |
Kosovo | Kosorwitsch | |
Kostanjica | Kastan | Compare italian Castagna |
Kostrćane | Sankt Maria am See | |
Košuti | Kosel | |
Kotišina | Kotitschin | |
Kožljak | Wachsenstein | |
Kraj | Grakau | |
Krašica | Krassitz | |
Kravice | Krawitz | |
Krbune | Korwun | |
Kričke | Kraleiss | |
Kringa | Kreink | |
Križevci | Kreuz | |
Krndija | Gordwin | |
Kerndia | ||
Kršan | Gartschan | |
Kršikla | Karschichl | |
Krstolac | Kristolowatz | |
Kućice | Zakuitsch | |
Kutjevo | Chuteowo | |
Kvarner | Kvarner-Bucht | |
Labin | Tüberg | |
Labinci | Sankt Domenig | Compare Italian Santa Domenica |
Lesešćine | Fuchsdorf | |
Letaj | Letey | |
Lićani | Iltz | |
Lindar | Linder | |
Lipik | Libegg | |
Ljubac | Jubau | |
Ljubitovica | Lubustiach | |
Ljubotić | Laval | |
Ljupina | Lopina | |
Loborika | Rowarig | Compare Italian Lavarigo |
Lokva | Laqua | |
Londžica | Lunza | |
Lopur | Lopar | |
Lovran | Lauran | Compare Italian Laurana |
Lovreč | Sankt Laurentzen | Compare Italian San Lorenzo |
Ložane | Loschan | |
Lubenice | Lubenitz | |
Lupoglav | Mahrenfels | |
Makarska | Macharscha | |
Male Mune | Munach | German name also refers to Vele Mune |
Mali Lošinj | Lussin | German uses Venetian name |
Malikovo | Malkowo | |
Malinska | Durischal | |
Malo Vukovje | Wiewar | Compare Hungarian Újvár |
Maovice | Mewe | |
Marićanci | Sankt Maria | |
Marijanci | Sankt Maria | |
Markušica | Sankt Markus | |
Maslenica | Fort Sankt Markus | |
Medari | Sankt Maria | |
Međimurje | Zwischenmurgebiet | |
Medvida | Poziach | |
Merag | Märag | |
Miholjac | Miholtz | |
Mikleuš | Sankt Niclas | |
Mikluševci | Sankt Niklas | |
Mimice | Steingral | |
Mirkovci | Sankt Emrich | |
Momjan | Momlan | |
Mošćenica | Moschkanitz | |
Mošćenice | Moschenitz | |
Moseč | Mosatsch | |
Mrzović | Merschowitz | |
Nadin | Nödin | |
Našice | Naschitz | |
Našička Breznica | Deutsch Bresnitz | |
Nin | Fleissenburg | |
Njivice | Sniewitz | |
Nos Kalik | Zumpogg | |
Novalja | Navala | |
Novigrad | Stuhlberg | |
Novigrad | Wiewar | |
Novo Selo | Selniach | |
Novo Zvečevo | Papuck | |
Očizla | Otschisl | |
Okučani | Poktuschan | |
Omanovac | Monatz | |
Omišalj | Moschau | Compare Italian Castelmuschio |
Omošćice | Grimmelzitz | |
Opanci | Popon | |
Opatija | Sankt Jakobi | Compare Italian San Giacomo al Palo |
Opatovac | Sankt Lorenz | |
Oprisavci | Sabow | |
Oprtalj | Pörzol | Compare Italian Portole |
Opuzen | Opus | German uses Venetian name |
Orahovice | Rahotscha | |
Orebić | Sarabitsch | Compare Italian Sabbioncello |
Orešac | Deutsch Oreschatz | |
Orubica | Chrusowitz | |
Osijek | Esseg(g) | Compare Hungarian Eszék |
Oslici | Posshart | |
Osor | Opsor | |
Ostojićeva | Sankt Niclas | |
Ostrovica | Ostrowitz | |
Otavice | Ottawitz | |
Oton | Hotton | |
Pađene | Patzinä | |
Padva | Padua | |
Paka | Packe | |
Pakoštane | Schantpag | |
Pakovo Selo | Geiger | |
Pakračka Poljana | Poglan | |
Pakrani | Pekern | |
Pasikovci | Posgawinetz | |
Pavlovac | Sankt Paul | |
Paz | Passberg | |
Pazin | Mitterburg | |
Pazinski Novaki | Neusaß | |
Perković | Prokowitsch | |
Permani | Fern | |
Petrijevci | Petrowitz | |
Pićan | Piben | |
Pinezići | Sankt Foska | Compare Italian Santa Fosca |
Pirovac | Slosseln | Compare Italian Slosella |
Piškorevci | Pischka | |
Pivare | Sankt Maria | |
Pivnica | Slawitz | |
Plavna | Plaundia | |
Plavno | Plaude | |
Pleternica | Pleternitz | |
Pljak | Lach | |
Podborski Batinjani | Heiligenfrauenwald | |
Podgaće | Podgatsch | |
Podgrad | Neuhaus | |
Podgraje | Potgrey | |
Podpićan | Perg | |
Podravlje | Engersdorf | |
Podravske Slatina | Saladnach | |
Pogdorac | Pogdoratsch | |
Polača | Pölatz | |
Poljana | Pollana | |
Poreč | Parenz | Compare Italian Parenzo |
Porozina | Poresin | |
Potnjani | Zambotel | Compare Hungarin Szombathely |
Potravlje | Wetteritsch | |
Povljana | Poglin | |
Požega | Poschegg | |
Praproče | Prapotz | |
Premantura | Prumentor | Compare Italian Promontore |
Pribude | Budag | |
Pribudić | Pribodetz | |
Pridraga | Pridratzn | |
Primošten | Kap-Zesto | |
Privlaka | Wrevilack | Compare Italian Brevilacqua |
Prokljan | Proklan | |
Prvča | Proratz | |
Psunj | Pezung | |
Pula | Polei | Compare Latin and Italian Pola |
Punat | Sankt Maria | |
Punta Križa | Krutz | |
Račice | Woldenstein | |
Radovin | Piegar | |
Radinje | Rachlitz | |
Rajčići | Blatz | |
Rakalj | Rachel | Compare Venetian and Italian Rachele |
Rakitovica | Karassitz | |
Ramljane | Ramling | |
Rašpor | Rasburg | |
Rastog | Rastorz | |
Ravanjska | Rovanpass | |
Raven | Sankt Peter | |
Razvode | Razutschey | |
Retfala | Rietdorf | |
Removac | Neuklisser | |
Rijeka | Sankt Veit am Flaum | |
Roč | Rotz | Compare Italian Rozzo |
Rogalji | Rogolz | |
Rogoznica | Klein Kap-Zesto | |
Rokovci | Rokotz | Compare Hungarian Rokócz |
Rovinj | Ruwein | Compare Istriot Ruveigno |
Rože | Sankt Maria in Rose | |
Rtina | Artan | |
Rudpolje | Rudanowatz | |
Salež | Salis | |
Šarengrad | Wetterwardein | Compare Hungarian Várad |
Satnica Đakovačka | Satnitz | |
Sekulinci | Zeglack | |
Selci Đakovački | Nissen | |
Selze | ||
Semeljci | Simelzen | |
Semiè | Zemitsch | |
Senj | Zengg | |
Sinj | Zain | |
Sesvete | Allerheiligen | |
Šibenik | Sebenico | German uses Italian name |
Šibenik | Sibenning | Compare Italian Sebenico |
Širinci | Ziritz | |
Široko Polje | Palin | |
Sisak | Sissek | |
Šiškovci | Banodel | |
Skopljak | Wolfsdorf | |
Skradin | Sgraden | |
Slatinsky Drenovac | Drenowitz | |
Slatnik Drenjski | Slatnick | |
Slavonia | Slavonien | |
Windischland [1] [ self-published source ] | ||
Slavonski Brod | Brod an der Save | |
Broth | ||
Slavonski Šamac | Schamatz | |
Slunj | Sluin | |
Smilčić | Smeltschitz | |
Solin | Salonä | German uses Latin and Italian name |
Sonković | Martinosewitz | |
Sopje | Sopiä | |
Sotin | Zednig | |
Sovinjak | Sowinach | |
Spačva | Spatzwa | |
Špišić Bukovica | Bruchowitz | |
Split | Splitt | |
Split-Dalmatian | Spalato | German uses Italian name |
Stari Mikanovci | Sankt Michael | |
Stari Pazin | Niederburg | |
Staro Petrovo Selo | Sankt Peter | |
Stražanac | Straschanatz | |
Strmica | Stermitz am Butzin | |
Strošinci | Stroschinze | |
Sukošan | Sankt Cassian | Compare Italian San Cassiano |
Šumber | Schönberg | |
Susek | Zuzech | |
Sveti Ivanac | Johannisberg | |
Sveti Petar u Šumi | Sankt Peter im Wald | |
Syrmia | Syrmien | |
Tenja | Tenne | |
Tinj | Thin | |
Tinjan | Tignan | |
Toranj | Thurn | |
Tovarnik | Sankt Georg | |
Tribounj | Tremau | |
Trnava | Darnotz | Compare Hungarian Tarnócz |
Tirnau | ||
Trnjani | Tarnian | |
Trogir | Traff | Compare Italian Traù |
Trviž | Terveis | |
Trsat | Tersat | |
Tublje | Tublach | |
Turanj | Toret | Compare Italian Torrette |
Turnašica | Neuturn | |
Ugljane | Nurgag | |
Umag | Humag | |
Umljanović | Zamelin | |
Unešić | Motschnau | |
Vačani | Wätzan | |
Valbiska | Sankt Niklas | |
Valpowo | Walpau | |
Varaždin | Warasdin | |
Vaška | Wascha | |
Vele Mune | Munach | German name also refers to Male Mune |
Velika | Welick | |
Velika Drapčevica | Wiessgrad | |
Velika Klisa | Klisser | |
Velika Trnovitica | Wellicha | |
Velušic | Welisch | |
Veprinac | Herberstein | |
Vetovo | Sonnberg | |
Vinjerac | Kastelwenier | Compare Venetian and Italian name Castelvenier |
Vinkovci | Winkowitz | |
Virovitica | Weretz | |
Viškovci | Wischkowitz | |
Visoka | Wissak | |
Visoka Greda | Wizeky | |
Vižinada | Visinat | |
Vlašići | Walassigy | |
Voćin | Vussin | |
Vodice | Woditz | |
Vodice | Wotzisberg | |
Volosko | Volosca | German uses Italian name |
Vrana | Weranien | |
Vranja | Goldsburg | |
Vrbica | Werbitz | |
Vrbnik | Verbnick | |
Vrbnik | Vörbnick | |
Vrdovo | Weredel | |
Vrgorac | Wergoratz | |
Vrh | Berg | |
Vrpolje | Wratschipogle | |
Vrsar | Orser | Compare Italian Orsera |
Vučevci | Wolfstal | |
Vučjak Kamenečki | Weltschak | |
Vučkovac | Wochovitz | |
Vujašinovići | Kudentin | |
Vukovar | Walkowar | |
Vukovije | Wiwar | |
Zadar | Zara | German uses Italian name |
Zadubravlje | Dobrowein | |
Zagovzd | Zagold | |
Zagreb | Agram | |
Zagreb-Adamovec | Agram-Klosterowitz | |
Zagreb-Breštje | Agram-Fischerheim | |
Zagreb-Đurđekovec | Agram-Sankt Georg | |
Zagreb-Dubrava | Agram-Dombrau | |
Zagreb-Horvati | Agram-Korwat | |
Zagreb-Lipnica | Agram-Lipnitz | |
Zagreb-Markuševac | Agram-Sankt Markus | |
Zagreb-Mihaljevac | Agram-Michalowitz | |
Zagreb-Moravče | Agram-Morautscha | |
Zagreb-Podsused | Agram-Sosel | |
Zagreb-Sesvete | Agram-Allerheiligen | |
Zamaško | Zamasch | |
Zapuntel | Sankt Michael | |
Zaton | Zackon | |
Završje | Permund | Compare Italian Piemonte |
Zdenj | Zdentsch | |
Zečevo | Schezewo | |
Zelengrad | Schellengradt | |
Zelovo Sustinsko | Sustin | |
Zemunik | Schemunig | |
Žrenj | Strengen | |
Zmijacvi | Simitz | |
Žminj | Gimino | German uses Italian name |
Žminj | Schwing | |
Žrmanija | Deutschendorf | |
Žrnovica | Zernowitz | |
Žumberak | Sichelberg | |
Županja | Schaupanie | |
Zvoneće | Subnach |
Croatia Kroatien | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
English name | German name | Croatian place | Type | Notes |
Brač | Bratz | Brač | Island | Compare Italian Brazza |
Brijuni | Brioni Inselgruppe | Brijuni | Island | German uses the Italian name |
Cres | Kersch | Cres | Island | Compare Italian Cherso |
Danube | Donau | Dunav | River | |
Drava | Drau | Drava | Island | |
Hvar | Phar | Hvar | Island | |
Ilovik | Nebe | Ilovik | Island | |
Ist | Gist | Ist | Island | |
Iž | Ese | Iž | Island | Compare Italian Eso |
Korčula | Curzola | Korčula | Island | German uses the Italian name |
Krk | Vegl | Krk | Island | Compare Italian Veglia |
Kupa | Kulpa | Kupa | River | |
Lastovo | Augusta | Lastovo | Island | Compare Italian Lagosta |
Lošinj | Lötzing | Lošinj | Island | |
Maun | Maoni | Maun | Island | German uses Italian name |
Mljet | Melide | Mljet | Island | Compare Italian Meleda |
Molat | Melade | Molat | Island | Compare Italian Melada |
Mur | Mur | Mura | River | |
Murter | Mörter | Murter | Island | German uses Venetian and Italian name |
Neretva | Narenta | Neretva | River | German uses the Italian name |
Olib | Lüb | Olib | Island | |
Pag | Baag | Pag | Island | |
Pašman | Pasmann | Pašman | Island | |
Plavnik | Plaun | Plavnik | Island | |
Premuda | Permud | Premuda | Island | |
Prvić | Prewig | Prvić | Island | |
Rab | Arbey | Rab | Island | Compare Italian Arbe |
Sava | Sau | Sava | River | |
Save | ||||
Silba | Silva | Silba | Island | |
Susak | Sansig | Susak | Island | Compare Italian Sansego |
Ugljan | Uglan | Ugljan | Island | |
Unije | Niä | Unije | Island | |
Vele Srakane | Kanidol | Vele Srakane | Island | Compare Italian Canidole |
Vir | Pontadür | Vir | Island | Compare Italian Puntadura |
Vis | Lissa | Vis | Island | German uses Italian name |
Žirje | Jassur | Žirje | Island | |
Žut | Zuitsch | Žut | Island |
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The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was signed on 10 September 1919 by the victorious Allies of World War I on the one hand and by the Republic of German-Austria on the other. Like the Treaty of Trianon with Hungary and the Treaty of Versailles with Germany, it contained the Covenant of the League of Nations and as a result was not ratified by the United States but was followed by the US–Austrian Peace Treaty of 1921.
The Illyrian Provinces were an autonomous province of France during the First French Empire that existed under Napoleonic Rule from 1809 to 1814. The province encompassed modern-day Slovenia, Gorizia, Trieste, and parts of Croatia, Austria, and Montenegro. Its capital was Ljubljana in Slovenia. It encompassed six départements, making it a relatively large portion of territorial France at the time. Parts of Croatia were split up into Civil Croatia and Military Croatia, the former served as a residential space for French immigrants and Croatian inhabitants and the latter as a military base to check the Ottoman Empire.
The Habsburg monarchy, also known as the Danubian monarchy, or Habsburg Empire, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg, especially the dynasty's Austrian branch.
An endonym is a common, native name for a group of people, individual person, geographical place, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside a particular group or linguistic community to identify or designate themselves, their homeland, or their language.
Many places in Central Europe, mostly in the former German Empire and Austria-Hungary but now in non-German-speaking countries, traditionally had names in the German language. Many such names have been used for centuries by the German presence in the area dating back to Ostsiedlung, while some others were simply German transliterations of local names or names invented in the 19th and 20th centuries.
The Julian March, also called Julian Venetia, is an area of southeastern Europe which is currently divided among Croatia, Italy, and Slovenia. The term was coined in 1863 by the Italian linguist Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, a native of the area, to demonstrate that the Austrian Littoral, Veneto, Friuli, and Trentino shared a common Italian linguistic identity. Ascoli emphasized the Augustan partition of Roman Italy at the beginning of the Empire, when Venetia et Histria was Regio X.
The Pannonian Basin, or Carpathian Basin, is a large basin situated in south-east Central Europe. The geomorphological term Pannonian Plain is more widely used for roughly the same region though with a somewhat different sense, with only the lowlands, the plain that remained when the Pliocene Epoch Pannonian Sea dried out.
The Kingdom of Dalmatia was a crown land of the Austrian Empire (1815–1867) and the Cisleithanian half of Austria-Hungary (1867–1918). It encompassed the entirety of the region of Dalmatia, with its capital at Zadar.
The Austrian Littoral was a crown land (Kronland) of the Austrian Empire, established in 1849. It consisted of three regions: the Margraviate of Istria, Gorizia and Gradisca, and the Imperial Free City of Trieste. Throughout history, the region has been contested frequently, with parts of it controlled at various times by the Republic of Venice, Austria-Hungary, Italy, and Yugoslavia among others.
Below is a list of German language exonyms for formerly German places and other places in non-German-speaking areas of the world. Archaic names are in italics.
The Republic of Prekmurje was an unrecognized state in Prekmurje, an area traditionally known in Hungarian as Vendvidék . On June 6, 1919, Prekmurje was incorporated into the newly established Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
Skitača is a small hamlet in northwest Croatia, in the eastern coast of Istria County, and is one of many settlements scattered in the County. These small settlements started to form in the 13-14th century continuing into the 19th century when Napoleon occupied the area. Even later when the Austria-Hungary got this region. During the early centuries most of the people came from the eastern parts of Europe as workers imported by rich landowners. Later, some came as refugees from territories taken by the Tatars and Turkish. Some of people which took refuge were Croats, Montenegrins, Serbs, Romanians, Bosnians, Albanians, Greeks, and other Eastern Europeans.
The dissolution of Austria-Hungary was a major geopolitical event that occurred as a result of the growth of internal social contradictions and the separation of different parts of Austria-Hungary. The more immediate reasons for the collapse of the state were World War I, the 1918 crop failure, general starvation and the economic crisis. The Austro-Hungarian had additionally been weakened overtime by a widening gap between Magyar and Austrian interests. Furthermore, a history of chronic overcommitment rooted in the 1815 Congress of Vienna in which Metternich pledged Austria to fulfill a role that necessitated unwavering Austrian strength and resulted in overextension. Upon this weakened foundation, additional stressors during World War I catalyzed the collapse of the empire. The 1917 October Revolution and the Wilsonian peace pronouncements from January 1918 onward encouraged socialism on the one hand, and nationalism on the other, or alternatively a combination of both tendencies, among all peoples of the Habsburg monarchy.