Root | Meaning in English | Origin language | Etymology (root origin) | English examples |
---|---|---|---|---|
rad-, ras- | scrape, shave | Latin | rādere , rāsus | abrade, abrasion, abrasive, corrade, corrasion, erase, erasure, nonabrasive, radula, radular, raduliform, rase, rash, rasorial, raster, rasure, subradular |
radi- | beam, spoke | Latin | radius , radiāre | radiance, radiation |
radic- | root | Latin | rādix , rādīcis | eradicate, radical, radix |
ram- | branch | Latin | rāmus | ramification, rammel, ramose, ramous, ramulose, ramulous |
ran- | frog | Latin | rāna | Rana |
ranc- | rancidness, grudge, bitterness | Latin | rancere | rancid, rancor |
rap- | rob, seize | Latin | rapere , raptus | arreption, arreptitious, enrapt, enrapture, rapacious, rapacity, rape, rapid, rapidity, rapine, rapt, raptio, raptor, raptorial, rapture, rapturous, raptus, ravenous, ravine, ravish, subreption, subreptitious, surreptitious |
rap- | turnip | Latin | rāpum | rapeseed |
raph- [1] | sew, seam | Greek | ῥάπτειν (rháptein), ῤαφή (raphḗ) | raphae, raphe |
rar- | rare | Latin | rārus | rarity |
rauc- | harsh, hoarse | Latin | raucus | raucous |
re-, red- | again, back | Latin | re- | recede, redact |
rect-, reg-, -rig- | straight, direct | Latin | regere "to direct, lead straight, guide", related rectus "straight, right" | correct, direct, dirigible, erect, erection, ergo, rectangle, rectify, rectitude, rectum, regent, regime, regimen, regiment, region, surge |
reg-, rex- | king | Latin | rex (genitive regis ) | regal, regency, regicide, Regis, regulation, reign, rex, royal |
regul- | rule | Latin | rēgula "to rule" | regular, regulate, regulation, rule |
rem- | oar | Latin | rēmus | bireme, trireme |
ren- | kidney | Latin | rēnēs | renal |
rep-, rept- | crawl, creep | Latin | rēpere, reptus | reptile |
resid- | left behind | Latin | residere "remain behind" (see also sedere ) | reside, residence, resident, residual, residue |
ret- | net | Latin | rēte | reticle, retina |
retro- | backward, behind | Latin | retrō | retrograde, retrospective, retrovirus |
rhabd- [2] | rod | Greek | ῥάβδος (rhábdos) | Rhabdodon, rhabdoid, rhabdom, rhabdomancy, rhabdomyolysis, rhabdomyosarcoma |
rhach-, rach- [3] | spine | Greek | ῥάχις, ῥάχεως (rhákhis, rhákheōs) | rachipagus, rachis, rachischisis, rhachiodont, rhachis |
rhag-, rheg- [4] | rend, tear | Greek | ῥηγνύναι (rhēgnúnai), ῥαγίζω , ῥῆξις (rhêxis), ῥῆγμα (rhêgma) | bronchorrhagia, hemorrhage, menorrhagia, regma, rhagades, rhegma, rhegmatogenous, rhexis |
rhe- [5] | flow | Greek | ῥεῖν (rheîn), ῥυτός (rhutós), ῥύσις (rhúsis), ῥεῦμα (rheûma), ῥοία (rhoía), ῥυθμός (rhuthmós) | antiarrhythmic, arrhythmia, arrhythmic, diarrhoea, dysrhythmia, endorheic, eurhythmia, eurhythmic, eurhythmy, gonorrhoea, hemorrhea, logorrhea, polyrhythm, rheology, rheometer, rheostat, rheum, rheumatic, rheumatism, rheumatoid, rheumatology, rhythm, rhythmic, rhyton |
rhetin- [6] | resin | Greek | ῥητίνη (rhētínē), ῥητινώδης, ῥητινόω | retinite |
rhig- [7] | chill | Greek | ῥῖγος (rhîgos) | rhigosaurus |
rhin- [8] | nose, snout | Greek | ῥίς, ῥινός (rhís, rhinós) | catarrhine, haplorhine, platyrrhine, rhinoceros, rhinophyma, rhinoplasty, strepsirrhine |
rhiz- [9] | root | Greek | ῥίζα (rhíza), ῥιζοῦν (rhizoûn), ῥίζωμα (rhízōma) | ectomycorrhiza, rhizoid, rhizomatous, rhizome, rhizomorph, rhizomorphous, rhizophagous, rhizophagy, Rhizopogon, Rhizopus, rhizosphere |
rho- [10] | R, r | Greek | Ρ, ρ, ῥῶ (rhô) | rho, rhotacism, rhotacize, rhotic |
rhod- [11] | rose | Greek | ῥόδον (rhódon) | rhododendron, rhodophyte, rhodopsin, rhodophobia |
rhomb- | spinning top | Greek | ῥόμβος (rhómbos) | orthorhombic, rhomb, rhombic, rhomboid, rhombus, rhumb |
rhynch- [12] | snout | Greek | ῥύγχος (rhúnkhos) | Oncorhynchus, Rhynchobatus, rhynchophore |
rid-, ris- | laugh | Latin | ridere "to laugh" (past participle risus) | deride, derision, ridicule, ridiculous, risible |
robor- | oak, strength | Latin | rōborāre "to strengthen", from rōbur , rōbus "strength" | corroborant, corroborate, corroboration, corroborative, corroborator, robust |
rod-, ros- | gnaw | Latin | rōdere, rōsus | corrode, erosion, rodent |
rog- | ask | Latin | rogāre | abrogate, arrogant, arrogate, derogate, derogation, derogatory, interrogation, prerogative, prorogue, rogation, rogue, surrogate |
rostr- | beak, prow | Latin | rōstrum | brevirostrate, curvirostral, lamellirostral, rostellate, rostelliform, rostellum, rostral, rostrate, rostriform, rostrulum, rostrum |
rot- | wheel | Latin | rota , rotāre | arrondissement, circumrotation, contrarotation, control, controller, decontrol, enroll, enrollee, enrollment, irrotational, multirole, multiroll, redondilla, reenroll, rodeo, role, roll, rondeau, rondel, rondelle, rondo, rotary, rotate, rotation, rotational, rotator, rotatory, rotavirus, rotelle, rotifer, Rotifera, rotiferous, rotiform, rotula, rotund, rotunda, rotundifolious, rotundity, roulette, round, roundel, roundelay, roundlet, rowel, semiround |
ruber-, rubr- | red | Latin | ruber | erubescence, erubescent, rubella, Rubio, rubious, rubric, rubricate, rubrication, rubricator, ruby |
rudi- | unskilled, rough, unlearned | Latin | rudis | erudite, erudition, rude, rudiment, rudimentary, rudity |
rug- | wrinkle | Latin | rūga , rugare | corrugant, corrugate, corrugation, erugate, rugose |
rumin- | throat | Latin | rūmen , rūminis | rumen, rumenic acid, ruminal, ruminant, ruminate, rumination, ruminator |
rump-, rupt- | break, burst | Latin | rumpere, ruptus | abrupt, abruption, corrupt, corruptible, corruption, corruptor, disrupt, disruption, disruptive, disruptor, disrupture, erumpent, erupt, eruption, eruptive, incorrupt, incorruptibility, incorruptible, interrupt, interruptible, interruption, irrupt, irruption, irruptive, maleruption, noneruptive, reroute, rout, route, routine, rupture, subroutine, supereruption |
rur- | countryside, farm | Latin | rūs , rūris | nonrural, roister, roisterous, rural, rustic, rusticate, rustication, rusticity |
In Greek mythology, Eiresione or Iresione was the personification of an object very important in many Greek rituals and ceremonies: a branch of olive or laurel, covered with wool, fruits, cakes and olive flasks, dedicated to Apollo and carried about by singing boys during the festivals of Pyanopsia and Thargelia, and afterwards hung up at the house door. It could only be carried by children who had two living parents. The song they were singing during the ritual was also known as "eiresione":
Eiresione for us brings figs and bread of the richest,
brings us honey in pots and oil to rub off from the body,
Strong wine too in a beaker, that one may go to bed mellow.
Henry George Liddell was dean (1855–1891) of Christ Church, Oxford, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University (1870–1874), headmaster (1846–1855) of Westminster School, author of A History of Rome (1855), and co-author of the monumental work A Greek–English Lexicon, known as "Liddell and Scott", which is still widely used by students of Greek. Lewis Carroll wrote Alice's Adventures in Wonderland for Henry Liddell's daughter Alice.
Ancient Greek philosophy differentiates main conceptual forms and distinct words for the Modern English word love: agápē, érōs, philía, philautía, storgē, and xenía.
A Greek–English Lexicon, often referred to as Liddell & Scott or Liddell–Scott–Jones (LSJ), is a standard lexicographical work of the Ancient Greek language originally edited by Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, Henry Stuart Jones, and Roderick McKenzie and published in 1843 by the Oxford University Press.
Robert Scott was a British academic philologist and Church of England priest. He is best known for co-authoring the Greek-English Lexicon, commonly known as Liddell and Scott, which is still in use today. Scott was also a professor of Greek at the University of Oxford for over thirty years before his death on April 2, 1887.
Episkyros, or Episcyrus, was an Ancient Greek ball game. The game was typically played between two teams of 12 to 14 players each, being highly teamwork-oriented. The game allowed full contact and usage of the hands. While it was typically men who played, women also occasionally participated.