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In prokaryote nomenclature, Candidatus is used to name prokaryotic phyla that are well characterized but yet-uncultured. Contemporary sequencing approaches, such as 16S sequencing or metagenomics, provide much information about the analyzed organisms and thus allow to identify and characterize individual species. However, the majority of prokaryotic species remain uncultivable and hence inaccessible for further characterization in in vitro study. The recent discoveries of a multitude of candidate taxa has led to candidate phyla radiation expanding the tree of life through the new insights in bacterial diversity.
In taxonomy, the Halobacteriaceae are a family of the Halobacteriales in the domain Archaea. Halobacteriaceae represent a large part of halophilic Archaea, along with members in two other methanogenic families, Methanosarcinaceae and Methanocalculaceae. The family consists of many diverse genera that can survive extreme environmental niches. Most commonly, Halobacteriaceae are found in hypersaline lakes and can even tolerate sites polluted by heavy metals. They include neutrophiles, acidophiles, alkaliphiles, and there have even been psychrotolerant species discovered. Some members have been known to live aerobically, as well as anaerobically, and they come in many different morphologies. These diverse morphologies include rods in genus Halobacterium, cocci in Halococcus, flattened discs or cups in Haloferax, and other shapes ranging from flattened triangles in Haloarcula to squares in Haloquadratum, and Natronorubrum. Most species of Halobacteriaceae are best known for their high salt tolerance and red-pink pigmented members, but there are also non-pigmented species and those that require moderate salt conditions. Some species of Halobacteriaceae have been shown to exhibit phosphorus solubilizing activities that contribute to phosphorus cycling in hypersaline environments. Techniques such as 16S rRNA analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization have been major contributors to taxonomic classification in Halobacteriaceae, partly due to the difficulty in culturing halophilic Archaea.
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Actinocatenispora is a genus in the phylum Actinomycetota (Bacteria).
Afifella is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria). Afifella are found in marine and estuarine settings, including microbial mats. They are anaerobes, with one cultured representative capable of photosynthesis.
Defluviicoccus is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria).
Dehalobacter is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria).
Armatimonadota is a phylum of gram-negative bacteria.
Neomegalonema is a genus of bacteria. Up to now there is only one species of this genus known.
Neomegalonema perideroedes is a filamentous bacterium from the genus of Neomegalonema which has been isolated from activated bulking sludge from industrial wastewater in Grindsted in Denmark.
Erythrobacteraceae is a bacterium family in the order of Sphingomonadales.
Phycicoccus is a genus of Gram positive, aerobic, non-endosporeforming bacteria. Species in this genus are mesophilic and have cells that are short rods or coccoid.
References
- ↑ Wackett, L.P. (5 June 2014). "Microbial strain collections and information". Microbial Biotechnology. 7 (4): 371–372. doi:10.1111/1751-7915.12135. PMC 4241729 .
- 1 2 Parte, A.C. (2013). "LPSN – list of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (Database issue): D613–D616. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1111. PMC 3965054 . PMID 24243842.
- ↑ Euzeby, J. P. (1997). "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a Folder Available on the Internet". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 47 (2): 590–2. doi: 10.1099/00207713-47-2-590 . PMID 9103655.
- ↑ Parte, A.C.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Meier-Kolthoff, J.P.; Reimer, L.C.; Göker, M. (2020). "List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (11): 5607–5612. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004332. PMC 7723251 . PMID 32701423.
