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In the United Kingdom, junior doctors are qualified medical practitioners working whilst engaged in postgraduate training. The period of being a junior doctor starts when they qualify as a medical practitioner following graduation with a Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery degree and start the UK Foundation Programme. It culminates in a post as a consultant, a general practitioner (GP), or some other non-training post, such as a specialty doctor or associate specialist post.
Jeremy Richard Streynsham Hunt is a British politician serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer since 2022. He previously served in the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Culture, Olympics, Media and Sport from 2010 to 2012, Secretary of State for Health and Social Care from 2012 to 2018 and Foreign Secretary from 2018 to 2019. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been Member of Parliament (MP) for South West Surrey since 2005.
In the United Kingdom, Ireland, and parts of the Commonwealth, consultant is the title of a senior hospital-based physician or surgeon who has completed all of their specialist training and been placed on the specialist register in their chosen speciality. Their role is entirely distinct from that of a general practitioner.
Nursing in the United Kingdom has a long history. The current form of nursing is often considered as beginning with Florence Nightingale who pioneered modern nursing. Nightingale initiated formal schools of nursing in the United Kingdom in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The role and perception of nursing has dramatically changed from that of a handmaiden to the doctor to professionals in their own right. There are over 700,000 nurses in the United Kingdom and they work in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, health centres, nursing homes, hospices, communities, military, prisons, and academia, with most working for the National Health Service (NHS). Nurses work across all demographics and requirements of the public: adults, children, mental health, and learning disability. Nurses work in a range of specialties from the broad areas of medicine, surgery, theatres, and investigative sciences such as imaging. Nurses also work in large areas of sub-specialities such as respiratory, diabetes, cancer, neurology, infectious diseases, liver, research, cardiac, women's health, sexual health, emergency and acute care, gastrointestinal, infection prevention and control, neuroscience, ophthalmic, pain and palliative, and rheumatology. Nurses often work in multi-disciplinary teams but increasingly are found working independently.
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The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded healthcare system in England, and one of the four National Health Service systems in the United Kingdom. It is the second largest single-payer healthcare system in the world after the Brazilian Sistema Único de Saúde. Primarily funded by the government from general taxation, and overseen by the Department of Health and Social Care, the NHS provides healthcare to all legal English residents and residents from other regions of the UK, with most services free at the point of use for most people. The NHS also conducts research through the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR).
The National Health Service (NHS) is the umbrella term for the publicly funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom, comprising the National Health Service in England, NHS Scotland and NHS Wales. Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland was created separately and is often locally referred to as "the NHS". The original three systems were established in 1948 as part of major social reforms following the Second World War. The founding principles were that services should be comprehensive, universal and free at the point of delivery—a health service based on clinical need, not ability to pay. Each service provides a comprehensive range of health services, provided without charge for people ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom apart from dental treatment and optical care. In England, NHS patients have to pay prescription charges; some, such as those aged over 60, or those on certain state benefits, are exempt.
Doctors in Unite is a trade union for doctors in the United Kingdom. It was formerly known as the Medical Practitioners' Union (MPU) before its affiliation with Unite.
The National Health Service in England was created by the National Health Service Act 1946. Responsibility for the NHS in Wales was passed to the Secretary of State for Wales in 1969, leaving the Secretary of State for Social Services responsible for the NHS in England by itself.
Daniel Leonard James Poulter is a British Conservative Party politician, who was elected at the 2010 general election as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Central Suffolk and North Ipswich. Poulter is a psychiatrist and served as a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Department of Health between September 2012 and May 2015 when he returned to the backbenches.
The Royal College of Midwives (RCM) is a British midwives organisation founded in 1881 by Louisa Hubbard and Zepherina Veitch. It has existed under its present name since 1947, and is the United Kingdom's only trade union or professional organisation for midwives and those that support them. Gill Walton is the current Chief Executive.
Johann Niranjan Lyle Malawana is a British entrepreneur and former obstetrics doctor. Malawana was the Chair of the British Medical Association's Junior Doctors Committee from September 2015 to July 2016. His tenure included the 2015 junior doctors contract dispute in England where he was the lead negotiator on the new contract. Malawana founded technology company Medics.Academy and The Healthcare Leadership Academy in 2016.
A junior doctors contract dispute in England led to industrial action being taken in 2015 and 2016. A negotiation between NHS Employers and the main UK doctor's union, the British Medical Association (BMA), had been overshadowed by the Secretary of State for Health, Jeremy Hunt, threatening to impose certain aspects. The BMA balloted members in November 2015 and industrial action was scheduled for the following month. The initial action was suspended, although further talks broke down. Junior doctors took part in a general strike across the NHS in England on 12 January 2016, the first such industrial action in 40 years. Junior doctors again withdrew their labour for routine care on 10 February. On 26 April 2016, junior doctors withdrew from emergency and routine care, the first time this had happened.
Jeremy Hunt served as Secretary of State for Health, later Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, from 2012 to 2018. Appointed by David Cameron, Hunt served in the Cameron–Clegg coalition and Cameron majority government. He was reappointed by Theresa May and served in the majority and minority May governments. In January 2018, Hunt gained additional responsibility for social care in England and, in June, became the longest-serving Health Secretary in British political history. He left the role when he was promoted to Foreign Secretary following the resignation of Boris Johnson, and was succeeded by Matt Hancock.
The Lewisham and Greenwich NHS Choir is made up of a wide range of NHS workers, including doctors, nurses, therapists and many other staff from across the NHS workforce. In 2015, they achieved the UK Christmas number 1, with their single "A Bridge over You", a mash up of Bridge over Troubled Water and Fix You. They released an album the following year, and recorded a version of Justin Bieber's Holy in December 2020. They also were seen performing Joy to the World after the Queen's Speech on Christmas Day 2020.
A number of labour strikes were held throughout 2021.
Since May–June 2022, a series of labour strikes and industrial disputes have occurred in various industries of the United Kingdom's economy as workers walked out over pay and conditions. The strikes took place with rising inflation, and demands for pay increases that would keep pace with this inflation.
The 2022–2023 National Health Service (NHS) strikes are several ongoing industrial disputes in the publicly funded health services of the United Kingdom.
References
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- ↑ Woolf, Sarah. "Dr. Sam Rabinovitch and The Notre-Dame Hospital Strike - Hôpital Notre-Dame". Museum of Jewish Montreal . Retrieved 14 November 2018.
- ↑ "Déclenchement d'une grève par les médecins spécialistes". www.bilan.usherb.ca. Archived from the original on 2016-04-22. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- 1 2 reporter, Neil Bowdler Health (30 May 2012). "1975: What happened when doctors last went on strike?". BBC News. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- ↑ Stabler, C.; Schnurr, L.; Powell, G.; Stewart, B.; Guenter, C. A. (1 August 1984). "Impact of a province-wide nurses' strike on medical care in a regional referral centre". CMAJ. 131 (3): 205–210. PMC 1483290 . PMID 6744165 – via www.cmaj.ca.
- ↑ Sachdev, P S (1986-03-01). "Ethical issues of a doctors' strike". Journal of Medical Ethics. 12 (1): 53. doi:10.1136/jme.12.1.53. ISSN 0306-6800. PMC 1375310 . PMID 3959044.
- ↑ Cregan, Australian Women's Archives Project, Christina. "A 'Blueprint' for Union Organising: Multiplying the membership in the Australian Nursing Federation (Victorian Branch) 1989-2012 - The 1986 50-Day Strike". www.womenaustralia.info.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Dolley, Margaret (1994-03-26). "Swedish doctors extend series of strikes". BMJ. 308 (6932): 808. doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6932.808a. ISSN 0959-8138. S2CID 71556617.
- ↑ Robinson, Geoffrey; McCann, Kieran; Freeman, Peter; Beasley, Richard (2008-06-01). "The New Zealand national junior doctors' strike: implications for the provision of acute hospital medical services". Clinical Medicine. 8 (3): 272–275. doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.8-3-272. ISSN 1470-2118. PMC 4953828 . PMID 18624033.
- ↑ "Doctors strike over hard-to-swallow reform - SWI swissinfo.ch". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- ↑ "Ärztestreik: "Das ist ein Sklavenaufstand"". www.handelsblatt.com. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- ↑ Davies, Marika (19 October 2015). "BMJ Careers – Is it ethical for doctors to strike?". BMJ. 351: h5597. doi:10.1136/bmj.h5597. S2CID 79839940 . Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- ↑ "25,000 protesters march over 'crazy' Lewisham Hospital A&E plans". 26 January 2013.
- ↑ "Doctors call in sick - News - Jamaica Observer Mobile". Archived from the original on 2017-03-28. Retrieved 2017-03-27.
- ↑ "NHS workers back strike action in pay row by 2-to-1 margin". The Guardian. Press Association. 18 September 2014.
- ↑ "Nurse and midwife strike action suspended after new pay offer". 27 January 2015.
- ↑ "Midwives stage strike action". BBC News. 30 April 2015.
- ↑ "Médicos residentes iniciam greve no país, por tempo indeterminado". 8 December 2015.
- ↑ Elgot, Jessica; Campbell, Denis (17 October 2015). "Thousands rally in London to protest junior doctor contract - as it happened". The Guardian– via www.theguardian.com.
- ↑ lefigaro.fr (12 November 2015). "Grève générale des médecins ce vendredi contre la loi santé de Touraine". Lefigaro. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- ↑ Tiplady, Danielle; Humm, Charlotte (15 December 2015). "For us student nurses, bursaries are a lifeline. We will fight against their cuts". The Guardian.
- ↑ Grierson, Jamie (9 January 2016). "Student nurses and midwives protest over NHS bursary plans". The Guardian.
- ↑ "Dispute Timeline". British Medical Association.
- ↑ "Médicos acatan paro de 24 horas para exigir aumento de sueldo". El Comercio. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 2016-04-19.
- ↑ "Kenyan doctors' union officials jailed over strike". African Media Agency. 2017-02-13. Retrieved 2017-02-14.
- ↑ "Sudanese security arrests doctors union chief". Sudan Tribune. 2 September 2017. Retrieved 2018-02-18.
- ↑ "Sudan: Doctors announce strike at some hospitals". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ 2019 India doctors' strike
- ↑ "Medical residents, interns walk off the job at UCSF Medical Center over failed contract talks". The San Francisco Examiner. 2019-03-19. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ Clune &, Dr Kisha; Peplinski, Dr Brandon. "80-hour weeks, bad pay, exhaustion: Here's why UW medical residents are walking out | Crosscut". crosscut.com. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ "Private hospitals stage 'warning strike' over late payments | News , Lebanon News | THE DAILY STAR". The Daily Star. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ Wang, Chuin-Wei Yap and Joyu (2020-02-03). "Hong Kong Hospital Workers to Strike Over Coronavirus". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660 . Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ Arin, Kim (2020-08-11). "[News Focus] Why are Korean doctors striking?". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ "MultiCare healthcare workers strike, urging need for more PPEs, staff support". Q13 FOX. 2020-11-23. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
- ↑ "Nurses across UK to vote in first ever RCN strike ballot over pay". The Guardian . 6 October 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.
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