Several cutaneous conditions can be diagnosed with the aid of immunofluorescence studies.
Cutaneous conditions with positive direct or indirect immunofluorescence when using salt-split skin include:
Condition | Antibody isotype(s) deposited | Localization of antibody with use of salt-split skin |
---|---|---|
Antiepilegrin cicatricial pemphigoid | IgG | Dermal |
Bullous lupus erythematosus | Dermal | |
Bullous pemphigoid | IgG | Epidermal |
Cicatricial pemphigoid | IgG | Epidermal |
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita | IgG | Dermal |
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis | IgA | Epidermal |
Orf-induced immunobullous disease | IgG | Dermal |
Pemphigoid gestationis | IgG | Epidermal |
For several subtypes of pemphigus a variety of substrates are used for indirect immunofluorescence:
Pemphigus variant | Substrate |
---|---|
Pemphigus foliaceous | Guinea pig esophagus |
Pemphigus vulgaris | Monkey esophagus |
IgA pemphigus | Cultured skin |
Paraneoplastic pemphigus | Rat bladder |
Pemphigoid is a group of rare autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin, and mucous membranes. As its name indicates, pemphigoid is similar in general appearance to pemphigus, but, unlike pemphigus, pemphigoid does not feature acantholysis, a loss of connections between skin cells.
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a chronic subepidermal blistering disease associated with autoimmunity to type VII collagen within anchoring fibril structures that are located at the dermoepidermal junction.
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is a rare immune-mediated blistering skin disease frequently associated with medication exposure, especially vancomycin, with men and women being equally affected. It was first described by Tadeusz Chorzelski in 1979 and may be divided into two types:
IgA pemphigus is a subtype of pemphigus with two distinct forms: