The Ottoman dynasty consisted of the members of the imperial House of Osman, also known as the Ottomans. According to Ottoman tradition, the family originated from the Kayı tribe branch of the Oghuz Turks, under Osman I in northwestern Anatolia in the district of Bilecik, Söğüt. The Ottoman dynasty, named after Osman I, ruled the Ottoman Empire from c. 1299 to 1922.
The history of modern Turkish painting can be traced back to the modernization efforts in the Ottoman Empire during the Tanzimat period, in the 19th century. This article contains a brief history of Turkish painters and art movements from the mid-19th century to the present.
Osman Hamdi Bey was an Ottoman administrator, intellectual, art expert and also a prominent and pioneering painter. He was the Ottoman Empire's first modern archaeologist, and is regarded as the founding father of both archaeology and the museum curator's professions in Turkey. He was the founder of Istanbul Archaeology Museums and of the Istanbul Academy of Fine Arts known today as the Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University. He was also the first mayor of Kadıköy.
Ahmed Tevfik Pasha, later Ahmet Tevfik Okday after the Turkish Surname Law of 1934, was an Ottoman statesman of Crimean Tatar origin. He was the last grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire. He held the office three times, the first in 1909 under Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and from 1918 to 1919 and from 1920 to 1922 under Mehmed VI during the Allied occupation of Istanbul. In addition to his premiership, Ahmet Tevfik was also a diplomat, a member of the Ottoman Senate, and long time Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Mehmet Cavit Bey, Mehmed Cavid Bey or Mehmed Djavid Bey was an Ottoman economist, newspaper editor and leading politician during the dissolution period of the Ottoman Empire. As a Young Turk and a member of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) had positions in government after the constitution was re-established. In the beginning of the Republican period, he was controversially executed for his alleged involvement in an assassination attempt against Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
Tawfik, or Tewfik, is an Arabic masculine given name. The name is derived from the Arabic root: waaw-faa-qaaf (و-ف-ق), which means to agree or to reconcile. Tawfik translates to, "the ability or opportunity to achieve success". A spelling of Tewfik or Toufic is used more among French speakers. Tawfik can be used as a given name or surname. Since it is considered a "neutral" name in the Arabic language, many Arabic-speaking Christians as well as Muslims are named Tawfik. The Turkish equivalent is Tevfik, the Azerbaijani equivalent is Tofig or Tofiq, the Albanian equivalent is Tefik, the Bosnian equivalent is Teufik. Taoufik and Toufic are common in North Africa. Thoufeeque, Thoufeeq and Thoufeek are common in India. A phonetically similar Jewish name is Tovik or Tuvik (תוביק), actually a Yiddish diminutive of the Biblical Hebrew name Toviyah, which led to the Greek equivalent Tobias (Τοβίας).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Ottoman Empire:
Osman or Usman is the Turkish, Persian, and Urdu transliteration of the Arabic masculine given name Uthman.
The Osmanoğlu family are the members of the historical House of Osman, which was the namesake and sole ruling house of the Ottoman Empire from 1299 until the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923.
The Municipality of Thessaloniki is the second largest municipality by population in Greece after the Municipality of Athens. According to the 2021 Greek census, it has a population of 319,045 inhabitants. The municipality includes the historical center and about one third of the Thessaloniki Urban Area.
Theodoros Degiannis was a Greek admiral and chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff. He also served as the Minister of National Defence in the Caretaker Cabinet of Ioannis Grivas and in the Ecumenical Cabinet of Xenophon Zolotas.
Şehzade Mehmed Abid Efendi was an Ottoman prince, the son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and Saliha Naciye Kadın, and brother-in-law of King Zog I of Albania.
The Ministry of the Interior was from 1860 the interior ministry of the Ottoman Empire, based in Constantinople.
Şehzade Mehmed Burhaneddin Efendi was an Ottoman prince, son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and Mezidemestan Kadın.
Konstantinos Zervas is a Greek Civil engineer and politician who served as Mayor of Thessaloniki from 2019 to 2023.
The Third Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire was elected in the 1908 Ottoman general election, which was called following the Young Turk Revolution. The new parliament consisted of 147 Turks, 60 Arabs, 27 Albanians, 26 Greeks (Rum), 14 Armenians, 10 Slavs, and four Jews. Including the amount of deputies elected in by-elections, the total amount of seats included 288 deputies. On 17 January 1912, through an imperial decree, the Sultan Mehmed V dissolved the Chamber of Deputies and called for new elections within three months.
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