This is a list of the 63 members of the Althing (Icelandic Parliament), from 2016 until 2017.
| National party | Chairperson(s) | Seats | ± 2013 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Independence Party | Bjarni Benediktsson | 21 / 63 |  2 |
| Left-Green Movement | Katrín Jakobsdóttir | 10 / 63 | 3 |
| Pirate Party | Collective leadership | 10 / 63 | 7 |
| Progressive Party | Sigmundur Gunnlaugsson | 8 / 63 |  11 |
| Reform | Benedikt Jóhannesson | 7 / 63 | new |
| Bright Future (Iceland) | Óttarr Proppé | 4 / 63 | 2 |
| Social Democratic Alliance | Oddný G. Harðardóttir | 3 / 63 | 6 |
For the parties having qualified with a national result above the 5% election threshold, the 9 leveling seats (L1-L9) were first distributed party-wise according to the calculation method in this particular order (where the party's total number of national votes was divided by the sum of "won seats plus 1" - with an extra leveling seat granted to the party with the highest fraction - while repeating this process until all 9 leveling seats had been determined). At the next step, these leveling seats were then by the same order distributed one by one to the relative strongest constituency of the seat winning party (while disregarding the constituencies that already ran out of vacant leveling seats). At the third step, the specific leveling seat is finally granted to the party's highest ranked runner-up candidate within the constituency, according to the same accumulated candidate vote score as being used when apportioning the constituency seats. [2]
| Candidates selected for the 9 leveling seats (L1-L9 are first apportioned at national level to parties, then to the relative strongest constituency of the party, and finally given to its highest ranked runner-up candidate) | Leveling seats won by party | Reykjavik North | Reykjavik South | Southwest | Northwest | Northeast | South |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (party vote share divided by won local seats +1) | |||||||
| Independence Party (D) | 6.10% | 6.40% | 5.64% | 7.38% | 6.65% | 6.30% | |
| Left-Green Movement (V) | L7 | 6.97% (L7) | 5.88% | 5.98% | 9.04% | 6.66% | 5.09% |
| Pirate Party (P) | L9 | 6.34% (L9) | 5.76% | 4.52% | 5.44% | 4.99% | 6.40% |
| Progressive Party (B) | 5.68% | 3.68% | 3.81% | 6.93% | 6.67% | 6.36% | |
| Reform Party (C) | L3, L6, L8 | 5.81% | 6.37% (L8) | 6.43% (L6) | 6.23% | 6.52% (L3) | 3.67% |
| Bright Future (A) | L2, L5 | 3.82% | 7.22% (L2) | 5.12% (L5) | 3.52% | 3.41% | 5.79% |
| Social Democratic Alliance (S) | L4, L1 | 5.21% | 5.57% | 4.75% | 6.23% (L4) | 4.00% | 6.38% (L1) |
Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a subset of proportional representation electoral systems in which multiple candidates are elected through their position on an electoral list. They can also be used as part of mixed-member electoral systems.
The Alþingi, anglicised as Althingi or Althing, is the supreme national parliament of Iceland. It is one of the oldest surviving parliaments in the world. The Althing was founded in 930 at Þingvellir, situated approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of what later became the country's capital, Reykjavík. After Iceland's union with Norway in 1262, the Althing lost its legislative power, which was not restored until 1903 when Iceland gained Home Rule from Denmark. For 641 years, the Althing did not serve as the parliament of Iceland, ultimately power rested with the Norwegian, and subsequently the Danish throne. Even after Iceland's union with Norway in 1262, the Althing still held its sessions at Þingvellir until 1800, when it was discontinued. It was restored in 1844 by royal decree and moved to Reykjavík. The restored unicameral legislature first came together in 1845 and after 1874 operated in two chambers with an additional third chamber taking on a greater role as the decades passed until 1991 when Althing became once again unicameral. The present parliament building, the Alþingishús, was built in 1881, made of hewn Icelandic stone. The unicameral parliament has 63 members, and is elected every four years based on party-list proportional representation. The current speaker of the Althing is Birgir Ármannsson.
Elections in Sweden are held once every four years. At the highest level, all 349 members of Riksdag, the national parliament of Sweden, are elected in general elections. Elections to the 20 county councils and 290 municipal assemblies – all using almost the same electoral system – are held concurrently with the legislative elections on the second Sunday in September.
The Webster method, also called the Sainte-Laguë method, is an apportionment method for allocating seats in a parliament among federal states, or among parties in a party-list proportional representation system.
At a national level, Greece holds elections for its legislature, the Hellenic Parliament.
Elections in Hungary are held at two levels: general elections to elect the members of the National Assembly and local elections to elect local authorities. European Parliament elections are also held every 5 years.
Leveling seats, commonly known also as adjustment seats, are an election mechanism employed for many years by all Nordic countries in elections for their national legislatures. In 2013, Germany also introduced national leveling seats for their national parliament, the Bundestag. The electoral reform in Germany 2023 removed the leveling seats, and replaced with Zweitstimmendeckung. Leveling seats are seats of additional members elected to supplement the members directly elected by each constituency. The purpose of these additional seats is to ensure that each party's share of the total seats is roughly proportional to the party's overall shares of votes at the national level.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 12 May 2007. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Althing, winning 25 of the 63 seats. Following the elections, a coalition government was formed by the Independence Party and the Social Democratic Alliance, with Geir Haarde continuing as Prime Minister.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 10 May 2003. The Independence Party remained the largest party in the Althing, winning 22 of the 63 seats. The coalition government of the Independence Party and Progressive Party remained in office, with Davíð Oddsson continuing as Prime Minister.
The 2005 Burgenland state election was held on 9 October 2005 to elect the members of the 19th Landtag of Burgenland.
The 2005 Lombard regional election took place on 3–4 April 2005. The 8th term of the Regional Council was chosen. Roberto Formigoni was re-elected for the third time in a row President, defeating Riccardo Sarfatti.
Snap parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 April 2009, following strong pressure from the public as a result of the Icelandic financial crisis. The Social Democratic Alliance and the Left-Green Movement, which formed the outgoing coalition government under Prime Minister Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir, both made gains and formed an overall majority of seats in the Althing. The Progressive Party also made gains, and the new Citizens' Movement, formed after the January 2009 protests, gained four seats. The big loser was the Independence Party, which had been in power for 18 years until January 2009: it lost a third of its support and nine seats in the Althing.
The German federal election system regulates the election of the members of the national parliament, called the Bundestag. According to the principles governing the elections laws, set down in Art. 38 of the German Basic Law, elections are to be universal, direct, free, equal, and secret. Furthermore, the German Basic Law stipulates that Bundestag elections are to take place every four years and that one can vote, and be elected, upon reaching the age of 18. All other stipulations for the federal elections are regulated by the Federal Electoral Act. Elections always take place on a Sunday. Mail votes are possible upon application.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 27 April 2013. Fifteen parties contested the elections, compared to just seven in the previous elections. The result was a victory for the two centre-right opposition parties, the Independence Party and Progressive Party, which subsequently formed a coalition government. The parties were eurosceptic and their win brought to a halt partially completed negotiations with the European Union regarding Icelandic membership.
Parliamentary elections were held in Iceland on 25 September 2021 to elect the members of the Althing. Following the elections, the three parties in the ruling coalition government – the Independence Party, Progressive Party and Left-Green Movement – agreed to continue in office, with Katrín Jakobsdóttir of the Left-Green Movement remaining Prime Minister despite her party being the smallest of the three. It was the first time an incumbent government had retained power in an election since the 2008 financial crisis.
Apportionment in the Hellenic Parliament refers to those provisions of the Greek electoral law relating to the distribution of Greece's 300 parliamentary seats to the parliamentary constituencies, as well as to the method of seat allocation in Greek legislative elections for the various political parties. The electoral law was codified for the first time through a 2012 Presidential Decree. Articles 1, 2, and 3 deal with how the parliamentary seats are allocated to the various constituencies, while articles 99 and 100 legislate the method of parliamentary apportionment for political parties in an election. In both cases, Greece uses the largest remainder method.
The 2020 Burgenland state election was held on 26 January 2020 to elect the members of the 22nd Landtag of Burgenland. The snap election was called in the wake of the Ibiza affair in May 2019, which caused the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) to terminate its coalition with the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ).
Parliamentary elections are due to be held in Iceland by Saturday 27 September 2025 to elect the 63 members of the Althing.
Lists of members of the Icelandic Parliament (Althing) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Parliament (bicameral) |  | |
| Parliament (unicameral) | ||